Africa Blue Economy Forum

Nthawi zonse ndikapemphedwa kuti ndilankhule, ndimakhala ndi mwayi wobwereranso maganizo anga okhudza mbali ina yothandiza kuti ubwenzi wa anthu ndi nyanja ukhale wabwino. Momwemonso, ndikamakambirana ndi anzanga pamisonkhano monga posachedwapa Africa Blue Economy Forum ku Tunis, ndimapeza malingaliro atsopano kapena mphamvu zatsopano pamalingaliro awo pankhaniyi. Posachedwapa maganizo amenewa akhudza kuchuluka kwa chuma, molimbikitsidwa mwa zina ndi nkhani yaposachedwapa imene Alexandra Cousteau wa ku Mexico City anakamba pamene tinali pa msonkhano wa za chilengedwe pa msonkhano wa National Industrialists Convention.

Nyanja yapadziko lonse lapansi ndi 71% yapadziko lapansi ndipo ikukula. Kufutukuka kumeneko ndi chimodzi chokha chowonjezera pa mndandanda wa ziwopsezo za nyanja—kusefukira kwa magulu a anthu kumangowonjezera kulemetsa kwa kuipitsa—ndi kuwopseza kupeza chuma chenicheni. Tiyenera kuyang'ana pa kuchuluka, osati kuchotsa.

Bwanji osakonza zisankho za kasamalidwe kathu pamalingaliro akuti kuti tipeze zochuluka, zamoyo zam'nyanja zimafunikira malo?

Tikudziwa kuti tikuyenera kubwezeretsa zachilengedwe za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi zam'madzi, kuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe ndikuthandizira usodzi wokhazikika. Malo odziwika bwino, oyendetsedwa bwino, komanso otetezedwa bwino m'madzi (MPAs) amapanga malo kuti abwezeretse zambiri zomwe zimafunikira kuti pakhale chuma chokhazikika cha buluu, gawo labwino lazachuma zonse zomwe zimadalira nyanja. Pali chiwopsezo chakukulitsa chuma cha buluu, komwe timakulitsa ntchito za anthu zomwe zili zabwino kunyanja, kuchepetsa ntchito zomwe zimawononga nyanja, motero timawonjezera kuchuluka. Mwakutero, timakhala adindo abwino a dongosolo lathu lothandizira moyo. 

Chimodzi mwazolimbikitsanacho chinayambitsidwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa UN Sustainable Development Goal 14 "kusunga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino nyanja zam'nyanja, nyanja ndi zam'madzi kuti chitukuko chikhale chitukuko." Pachimake SDG 14 yodziwika bwino ingatanthauze kukwaniritsidwa kwathunthu kwachuma chanyanja, chabuluu ndi zabwino zonse zomwe zikanatha kumayiko akugombe ndi kwa tonsefe. Cholinga choterocho chingakhale chokhumba, komabe, chingathe ndipo chiyenera kuyamba ndi kukankhira ma MPA amphamvu-chimake chabwino cha zoyesayesa zathu zonse kuti tipeze chuma cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja kwa mibadwo yamtsogolo.

Ma MPA alipo kale. Timafunikira zambiri, ndithudi, kuti titsimikizire kuti kulemera kuli ndi malo okulirapo. Koma kasamalidwe kabwino ka omwe tili nawo apanga kusiyana kwakukulu. Kuyesetsa kotereku kumatha kupereka chitetezo chanthawi yayitali pakubwezeretsa kwa buluu wa buluu ndikuchepetsa zonse za ocean acidification (OA) komanso kusokonezeka kwanyengo. 

MPA yochita bwino imafuna madzi aukhondo, mpweya wabwino, komanso kasamalidwe koyenera ka zinthu zololeka komanso zosaloledwa. Zosankha zomwe zimachitika m'madzi apafupi ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja ziyenera kuganizira za mpweya ndi madzi omwe amapita ku MPA. Chifukwa chake, mandala a MPA amatha kupanga zilolezo zotukula m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kasamalidwe ka zinyalala zolimba, kugwiritsa ntchito (kapena ayi) feteleza wamankhwala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komanso kulimbikitsa ntchito zathu zobwezeretsa zomwe zimathandizira kuchepetsa matope, kukulitsa chitetezo chamkuntho, komanso kuthana ndi acidity yam'nyanja. nkhani zakomweko. Mitengo ya mangrove yobiriwira, udzu waukulu wa m'nyanja, ndi matanthwe otukuka ndi zizindikiro za kuchuluka komwe kumapindulitsa aliyense.

Kuyang'anira OA kudzatiuza komwe kuchepetsa koteroko kuli kofunikira. Itiuzanso komwe tingachite kusintha kwa OA kumafamu a nkhono ndi zochitika zina. Kuphatikiza apo, komwe ntchito zobwezeretsa zimatsitsimutsidwa, kukulitsa kapena kukulitsa thanzi la udzu wa m'nyanja, malo otsetsereka amchere, ndi nkhalango za mangrove, zimachulukitsa zotsalira zake ndipo motero kuchuluka ndi kupambana kwa mitundu yogwidwa ndi kulimidwa yomwe ndi gawo lazakudya zathu. Ndipo, zowona, mapulojekitiwo adzakhazikitsa ntchito zobwezeretsa ndikuwunika. Kenako, madera awona kukhazikika kwa chakudya chokwanira, kulimba kwazakudya zam'nyanja ndi zinthu zam'nyanja, komanso kuthetsa umphawi. Momwemonso, mapulojekitiwa amathandizira chuma cha zokopa alendo, chomwe chimayenda bwino ndi kuchuluka kwa zomwe timaganiza-ndi zomwe zitha kuyendetsedwa kuti zithandizire kuchulukira m'mphepete mwa nyanja zathu komanso m'nyanja zathu. 

Mwachidule, tikufuna lens yatsopanoyi, yovomerezeka kuti ikhale yaulamuliro, kofunika kwambiri pakukhazikitsa ndondomeko, ndi ndalama. Ndondomeko zomwe zimathandizira ma MPA oyera, otetezedwa amathandizanso kuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa biomass kukupitilira kukula kwa anthu, kuti pakhale chuma chokhazikika chomwe chimathandizira mibadwo yamtsogolo. Cholowa chathu ndi tsogolo lawo.