Vuto: Asayansi Anena Kuti Tadutsa Malire a Carbon

Yankho: Sizipezeka mu Bili ya Infrastructure

Kusintha kwanyengo ndiye chiwopsezo chachikulu komanso chomwe chikukula mwachangu kwambiri pazachilengedwe zathu zam'nyanja zam'mphepete mwa nyanja. Tikukumana ndi zotsatira zake: kukwera kwa madzi a m'nyanja, kutentha kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa chemistry, komanso nyengo yoipa padziko lonse lapansi.

Ngakhale kuyesetsa kwambiri kuchepetsa mpweya, a Lipoti la IPCC la AR6 akuchenjeza kuti tiyenera kuchepetsa kupanga CO2 padziko lonse ndi pafupifupi 45% kuchokera mumiyezo ya 2010 isanafike 2030 - ndikufika "ziro-ziro" pofika 2050 kuti tichepetse kutentha kwa dziko. 1.5 madigiri Celsius. Iyi ndi ntchito yaikulu pamene pakali pano, zochita za anthu zimatulutsa pafupifupi matani 40 biliyoni a CO2 mumlengalenga m'chaka chimodzi.

Kuchepetsa kokha sikuli kokwanira. Sitingathe kuletsa zotsatira za thanzi la m'nyanja yathu popanda njira zowonongeka, zotsika mtengo, komanso zotetezeka za Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR). Tiyenera kuganizira ubwino, ngozi, ndi ndalama za CDR yochokera kunyanja. Ndipo munthawi yavuto lanyengo, bilu yatsopano kwambiri yazachuma ndi mwayi wophonya wakukwaniritsa zenizeni zachilengedwe.

Bwererani ku Zoyambira: Kodi Kuchotsa Carbon Dioxide ndi Chiyani? 

The IPCC 6th Assessment adazindikira kufunika kochepetsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha (GHG). Koma idawonanso kuthekera kwa CDR. CDR imapereka njira zingapo zochotsera CO2 kuchokera mumlengalenga ndikuyisunga mu "malo osungiramo nthaka, nthaka kapena nyanja, kapena muzinthu".

Mwachidule, CDR imayang'ana gwero lalikulu la kusintha kwa nyengo mwa kuchotsa mpweya woipa kuchokera mumlengalenga kapena m'madzi a m'nyanja. Nyanja ikhoza kukhala yothandizana ndi CDR yayikulu. Ndipo CDR yochokera kunyanja imatha kugwira ndikusunga matani mabiliyoni a carbon. 

Pali mawu ambiri okhudzana ndi CDR ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Izi zikuphatikizapo njira zothetsera chilengedwe - monga kukonzanso nkhalango, kusintha kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nthaka, ndi njira zina za chilengedwe. Amaphatikizanso njira zambiri zamafakitale - monga kulanda mpweya mwachindunji ndi bioenergy yokhala ndi kaboni ndi kusungirako (BECCS).  

Njirazi zimasintha pakapita nthawi. Chofunika kwambiri, amasiyana ukadaulo, kukhazikika, kuvomereza, komanso chiopsezo.

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

Kumene Bili Yatsopano Yatsopano Yanyumba Imaphonya Chizindikiro

Pa Ogasiti 10, Nyumba Yamalamulo ya US idadutsa masamba 2,702, $1.2 thililiyoni Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. Biliyo idaloleza ndalama zoposa $ 12 biliyoni paukadaulo wolanda mpweya. Izi zikuphatikizapo kugwidwa kwa mpweya wolunjika, malo opangira malo, mapulojekiti owonetsera ndi malasha, ndi chithandizo cha makina a mapaipi. 

Komabe, palibe kutchulidwa kwa CDR yochokera kunyanja kapena njira zothetsera chilengedwe. Biliyo ikuwoneka kuti ikupereka malingaliro onyenga aukadaulo ochepetsa mpweya wa carbon mumlengalenga. $2.5 biliyoni yaperekedwa kuti isunge CO2, koma popanda malo kapena ndondomeko yosungira. Choyipa chachikulu, ukadaulo wa CDR womwe waperekedwa umatsegula malo a mapaipi okhala ndi CO2 yokhazikika. Izi zitha kubweretsa kutayikira kowopsa kapena kulephera. 

Mabungwe opitilira 500 azachilengedwe akutsutsa poyera lamuloli, ndipo adasaina kalata yopempha kuti akwaniritse zolinga zanyengo. Komabe, magulu ambiri ndi asayansi amathandizira matekinoloje ochotsa mpweya wa biluyo ngakhale amathandizira mafakitale amafuta ndi gasi. Othandizira akuganiza kuti idzapanga zomangamanga zomwe zingakhale zothandiza m'tsogolomu ndipo ndizofunikira ndalamazo tsopano. Koma timatani pakufunika kwa kusintha kwa nyengo - ndikuteteza zamoyo zosiyanasiyana pobweretsa zobwezeretsanso - pozindikira kuti kufulumira kuli koyenera. osati mtsutso wosakhala wochenjera pakumvetsetsa nkhanizo?

The Ocean Foundation ndi CDR

Ku The Ocean Foundation, tili wokonda kwambiri CDR ponena za kubwezeretsa thanzi la nyanja ndi kuchuluka kwake. Ndipo timayesetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mandala omwe ali abwino kwa zamoyo za m'nyanja ndi zam'madzi. 

Tiyenera kuyeza kuwononga kwa kusintha kwa nyengo kunyanja ndi zotsatira zosayembekezereka za chilengedwe, chilungamo, kapena chilungamo kuchokera ku CDR. Ndipotu, nyanja yayamba kale kuvutika zambiri, zowononga zomaliza, kuphatikizapo kulongedza pulasitiki, kuwononga phokoso, komanso kuchotsa zinthu zachilengedwe. 

Mphamvu zopanda mafuta zamafuta ndizofunikira kwambiri paukadaulo wa CDR. Chifukwa chake, ngati ndalama zabilu ya zomangamanga zidasinthidwanso kuti zipititse patsogolo mphamvu zongotulutsa mpweya, tikadakhala ndi mwayi wotsutsana ndi mpweya wa carbon. Ndipo, ngati ndalama zina zabiluyo zikanatumizidwa ku mayankho okhudzana ndi chilengedwe, tingakhale ndi mayankho a CDR omwe timawadziwa kale kuti amasunga mpweya mwachilengedwe komanso motetezeka.

M'mbiri yathu, tinanyalanyaza mwadala zotsatira za kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito za mafakitale poyamba. Izi zinayambitsa kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya ndi madzi. Ndipo komabe, pazaka 50 zapitazi, takhala tikugwiritsa ntchito mabiliyoni ambiri kuyeretsa izi ndipo tikukonzekera kuwononga mabiliyoni ena kuti tichepetse mpweya wa GHG. Sitingathe kunyalanyaza kuthekera kwa zotsatira zosayembekezereka kachiwiri monga dziko lonse lapansi, makamaka pamene tikudziwa tsopano mtengo wake. Ndi njira za CDR, tili ndi mwayi woganiza moganizira, mwanzeru, komanso mwachilungamo. Yakwana nthawi yoti tonse tigwiritse ntchito mphamvuzi.

Zomwe Tikuchita

Padziko lonse lapansi, tafufuza mayankho achilengedwe a CDR omwe amasunga ndikuchotsa mpweya pomwe amateteza nyanja.

Kuyambira 2007, gulu lathu Blue Resilience Initiative yatsindika kwambiri za kukonzanso ndi kusunga mitengo ya mangrove, udzu wa m’nyanja, ndi madambo a madzi amchere. Izi zimapereka mwayi wobwezeretsanso kuchuluka, kumanga kulimba kwa anthu ammudzi, ndikusunga kaboni pamlingo waukulu. 

Mu 2019 ndi 2020, tidayesa kukolola kwa sargassum, kuti tigwire maluwa owopsa a sargassum ndikusandutsa feteleza omwe amasuntha mpweya wotengedwa mumlengalenga ndikubwezeretsa mpweya wa nthaka. Chaka chino, tikuyambitsa chitsanzo ichi cha ulimi wokonzanso ku St. Kitts.

Ndife membala woyambitsa wa Nyanja ndi Nyengo, kulimbikitsa atsogoleri a mayiko kuti azisamalira momwe nyanja ikuwonongera chifukwa cha kusokoneza kwathu kwa nyengo. Tikugwira ntchito ndi Aspen Institute's Ocean CDR Discussion Group pa “Code of Conduct” ya CDR yochokera kunyanja. Ndipo ndife ogwirizana Ocean Visions, posachedwapa akupereka malingaliro owongolera ku "Core Premises of the Ocean Climate Alliance". 

Tsopano ndi nthawi imodzi yokha yomwe kufunikira kochitapo kanthu pakusintha kwanyengo ndikofunikira komanso kofunikira. Tiyeni tigwiritse ntchito mosamala njira zonse za CDR zozikidwa panyanja - pofufuza, chitukuko, ndi kutumiza anthu - kuti tithe kuthana ndi kusintha kwanyengo pamlingo wofunikira m'zaka zikubwerazi.

Zomangamanga zomwe zilipo panopa zimapereka ndalama zoyendetsera misewu, milatho, ndi kukonzanso kofunikira kwa madzi a dziko lathu. Koma, imayang'ana kwambiri njira zothetsera zipolopolo za siliva pankhani ya chilengedwe. Moyo wa m'deralo, chakudya chokwanira, ndi kupirira nyengo zimadalira njira zothetsera nyengo. Tiyenera kuika patsogolo ndalama muzothetsera zomwe zatsimikiziridwa kuti zikugwira ntchito, m'malo mopatutsira chuma ku matekinoloje omwe sanatsimikizidwe.