Nkhawa Zanyengo: Kusatsimikizika Kwatsopano Kukuvutitsa M'badwo Wathu Wotsatira

Nkhawa. Ndi gawo lamoyo ndipo limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poteteza anthu ku zoopsa komanso kupewa ngozi. The American Psychological Association (APA) imakamba kuti kuda nkhawa ndi “maganizo odziŵika ndi kupsinjika maganizo, kuda nkhawa, ndi kusintha kwa thupi monga ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi.” Pothetsa tanthauzo limeneli, munthu akhoza kuona kuti lili ndi magawo awiri: maganizo ndi thupi.

Ngati simunakhalepo ndi nkhawa yayikulu, ndiloleni ndikuwonetseni.

1. Zimayamba ndi nkhawa. M’lingaliro limeneli: “Mafunde a m’nyanja akukwera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo.”
2. Nkhawa imeneyo imadzetsa kuganiza kowopsa ndi kulingalira movutikira: “Malo monga kum’mwera kwa Florida, kumunsi kwa Manhattan, ndi maiko ena a zisumbu adzatha, zomwe zidzachititsa anthu ambiri kusamuka, kutayika kwa zinthu zachilengedwe, kutayika kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo, nyengo yoipa, imfa pamlingo waukulu. sindinaonepo, ndipo pamapeto pake, kuwonongeka kwa dziko lapansi.”
3. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera, kugunda kwanu kumathamanga, ndipo mumayamba kutuluka thukuta. Malingalirowo amatsogolera ku malo owopsa, aumwini: “Sindiyenera kukhala ndi ana chifukwa sipadzakhala dziko lofunika kukhalamo akadzakula. Nthaŵi zonse ndinkafuna kukhala ndi ana, choncho tsopano ndavutika maganizo.”

Mu 2006, Al Gore adatulutsa filimu yake ".Choonadi Chosavuta” imene inafikira anthu ambiri. Komabe, m’malo moti choonadicho chikhale chosokoneza, tsopano sichidzalephereka m’chaka cha 2022. Achinyamata ambiri akukumana ndi nkhawa zomwe zimabwera chifukwa chokayikira za nthawi imene dziko lapansili lidzagwere m’nyengo ya kusintha kwa nyengo.

Nkhawa Zanyengo Ndi Zenizeni - Makamaka kwa Achinyamata

Nkhani ya New York Times yolembedwa ndi Ellen Barry, "Kusintha kwa Nyengo Kulowa M'chipinda Chothandizira,” sichimangopereka chithunzithunzi chomvekera bwino cha kulimbana kwa munthu payekha; imaperekanso maulalo ku maphunziro awiri osangalatsa kwambiri omwe amawonetsa zovuta zomwe kusintha kwanyengo kumakhudza anthu achichepere.

Kafukufuku wina wofalitsidwa ndi The Lancet ndi kafukufuku wathunthu lotchedwa "Nkhawa za nyengo mwa ana ndi achinyamata ndi zikhulupiriro zawo zokhudzana ndi mayankho a boma pa kusintha kwa nyengo: kafukufuku wapadziko lonse" ndi Caroline Hickman, Msc et al. Popenda gawo la zokambirana za phunziroli, mfundo zitatu zatsalira:

1. Kuda nkhawa kwanyengo sikungokhudza nkhawa zokha. Nkhawa imeneyi imatha kuwonekera ndi mantha, kusowa chochita, kudziimba mlandu, mkwiyo, ndi malingaliro ena okhudzana ndi, kapena kuchititsa, kukhala opanda chiyembekezo ndi nkhawa.
2. Malingaliro awa amakhudza momwe anthu amagwirira ntchito m'miyoyo yawo.
3. Maboma ndi olamulira ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zowononga nkhawa zanyengo, pochitapo kanthu (zomwe zingachepetse nkhawa) kapena kunyalanyaza vutolo (lomwe limakulitsa vutoli). 

Chidule cha phunziro lina lotchedwa, "Zotsatira zakusintha kwanyengo padziko lonse lapansi,” wolemba Thomas Doherty ndi Susan Clayton amagawa mitundu ya nkhawa yobwera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo m’magulu atatu: molunjika, molunjika, komanso mwamalingaliro.

Olembawo akufotokoza mosadziwika zimakhudza monga zomwe zimatengera kusatsimikizika, chigawo chachikulu cha nkhawa, komanso zomwe anthu amawona pakusintha kwanyengo. Psychosocial zotsatira zake zikuchulukirachulukira potengera momwe kusintha kwanyengo kumachitikira kwanthawi yayitali. Pomwe mwachindunji Zotsatira zimafotokozedwa ngati zomwe zimakhudza miyoyo ya anthu. The phunziro lachidule akupitiriza kupereka njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira pamtundu uliwonse wa nkhawa.

Popanda kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane phunziro lililonse, munthu angaone kuti vuto la nyengo silili mbali imodzi. Ndipo, mofanana ndi vuto la chilengedwe limene limayambitsa, nkhawa ya nyengo idzatenga nthawi kuti igwirizane nayo. Zowonadi, palibe njira yachidule yothanirana ndi chiopsezo chokhudzidwa ndi nkhawa zanyengo. Palibe yankho ku kukaikira kwa nthawi yomwe zotsatira za kusintha kwa nyengo zidzachitika.

Makoleji ndi Akatswiri a Zamaganizo Akuzindikira Kuti Kuda Nkhawa Zanyengo Ndi Vuto

Nkhawa za nyengo ndi gawo lomwe likukulirakulira pa nkhawa zambiri. Monga The Washington Post Malipoti, makoleji akupereka chithandizo chamankhwala kwa ophunzira omwe ali ndi nkhawa zomwe zikukula chifukwa cha nyengo. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, makoleji ena akugwiritsa ntchito zomwe amatcha "malo odyera nyengo.” Izi sizinali zopangidwira kwa iwo omwe akufuna kupeza chigamulo pakulimbana kwawo, koma ndi malo osonkhanira omwe munthu angathe kufotokoza zakukhosi kwawo pamalo otseguka komanso osakhazikika.

Kupewa mayankho panthawi yazakudya zanyengo ndi njira yosangalatsa yoperekedwa ndi malingaliro amalingaliro okha komanso zotsatira za maphunziro omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa. Psychology yomwe imalimbana ndi nkhawa imapangidwa kuti ithandize odwala kukhala ndi malingaliro osatsimikizika koma kumapitilirabe. Malo odyera anyengo ndi njira imodzi yothanirana ndi kusatsimikizika kwa dziko lathu lapansi popanda kuzunguliza mayankho m'mutu mwathu mpaka munthu achita chizungulire.

Makamaka, gawo la psychology yanyengo likukula. The Climate Psychology Alliance ku North America imapanga kulumikizana pakati pa psychology wamba ndi psychology yanyengo. M'mbuyomu, ngakhale zaka 40 zapitazo, ana ankangodziwa bwino za kusintha kwa nyengo. Inde, Tsiku la Dziko Lapansi linali chochitika chaka ndi chaka. Komabe, kwa mwana wamba, chikondwerero chosadziwika bwino chinalibe tanthauzo lofanana ndi chikumbutso chokhazikika (pa nkhani, m'kalasi ya sayansi, ndi zina zotero) za kusintha kwa nyengo. Mofulumira kufika ku 2022. Ana ali pachiopsezo komanso amadziwa za kutentha kwa dziko, kukwera kwa nyanja, komanso kutayika kwa mitundu monga Polar Bears. Kuzindikira kumeneku momveka kumabweretsa nkhawa ndi kusinkhasinkha.

Tsogolo la Nyanja Ndi Chiyani?

Pafupifupi aliyense amakumbukira za nyanja - mwachiyembekezo kukumbukira zabwino. Koma, ndi luso lamakono lamakono, munthu akhoza kuona m'maganizo mwathu nyanja yam'tsogolo. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ili ndi chida chotchedwa Kukwera kwa Nyanja - Map Viewer zomwe zimathandiza munthu kuona m'maganizo madera omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kukwera kwa nyanja. NOAA, pamodzi ndi mabungwe ena angapo, adatulutsanso zake 2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report, yomwe imapereka ziwonetsero zosinthidwa zomwe zimapita ku chaka cha 2150. Mibadwo yaing'ono tsopano ili ndi mwayi, pogwiritsa ntchito zida monga Sea Level Rise map viewer, kuona mizinda ngati Miami, Florida ikutha pamaso pawo.

Achinyamata ambiri angada nkhawa akaganizira zimene madzi a m’nyanja angachitire achibale awo komanso anthu ena okhala m’madera otsika. Mizinda yomwe ankangoganiza kuti adzapitako idzatha. Mitundu yomwe inali ndi mwayi wodziwa, kapena kudziwonera nokha, idzasowa chifukwa nyama sizingakhale ndi kutentha kwa nyengo yomwe ikusintha, kapena magwero awo a chakudya amatha chifukwa cha izo. Ana aang'ono angakhudzidwe ndi ubwana wawo. Samangoganizira za mibadwo yamtsogolo; akuda nkhawa ndi kutayika kumene kudzachitika m’miyoyo yawo. 

Zowonadi, kusintha kwanyengo kumakhudza mbali zambiri zanyanja kuphatikiza:

• Kusamuka kwa mitundu
• Zamoyo zosiyanasiyana
• Mathanthwe a Coral
• Pamodzi ndi zina zambiri zomwe zikufufuzidwa mu Tsamba la Kafukufuku wa Ocean Foundation pa Ocean ndi Climate Change.

Zoyeserera zokhudzana ndi Ocean Foundation ndi Blue Resilience Initiative. Bungwe la Blue Resilience Initiative likudzipereka kukonzanso, kusungirako, ndi kupereka ndalama zachitukuko cha chilengedwe cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja popereka zida, ukatswiri waukadaulo, ndi ndondomeko zochepetsera chiopsezo chachikulu cha nyengo. Ndizochitika ngati izi zomwe zingapereke chiyembekezo kwa mibadwo yachichepere kuti si iwo okha amene akuyesetsa kuthetsa mavuto. Makamaka akakhumudwa ndi zomwe dziko lawo likuchita kapena kusachitapo kanthu.

Kodi Izi Zizisiya Kuti Mibadwo Yam'tsogolo?

Nkhawa za nyengo ndi mtundu wapadera wa nkhawa ndipo uyenera kuchitidwa motere. Kumbali ina, nkhawa ya nyengo imachokera pamalingaliro omveka. Dziko lapansi likusintha. Madzi a m'nyanja akukwera. Ndipo, zingamve ngati palibe munthu mmodzi yemwe angachite kuti aletse kusinthaku. Ngati nkhawa ya nyengo iyamba kuchepa, ndiye kuti palibe wachichepere yemwe ali ndi mantha, kapena pulaneti lenilenilo, "amapambana." Ndikofunikira kuti mibadwo yonse ndi gawo la psychology livomereze nkhawa zanyengo ngati vuto lovomerezeka lazaumoyo.

Nkhawa za nyengo zikuvutitsadi mibadwo yathu yachichepere. Mmene timasankhira kudzakhala kofunika kwambiri kulimbikitsa mibadwo yamtsogolo kukhala ndi moyo panopa, osataya tsogolo la dziko lawo.