Kodi Sunscreen Yanu Ikupha Mitambo ya Coral?

Kodi sunscreen yanu ikupha matanthwe a coral? Yankho loyenera, pokhapokha ngati muli kale ndi sunscreen- reef savvy, ndi inde. Pambuyo pa kafukufuku wazaka zambiri kuti apange zodzitetezera ku dzuwa zogwira mtima kwambiri, zikuwonekeratu kuti mankhwala opangidwa bwino kwambiri kuti akutetezeni ku mlingo wolemera wa cheza choyaka ndi khansa yapakhungu yomwe ingakhalepo ndi poizoni ku matanthwe a coral. Kuchepa chabe kwa mankhwala ena kumakwanira kupangitsa kuti ma corals asungunuke, kutaya gwero lawo lamphamvu la algal komanso kukhala pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a virus.

Masiku ano zoteteza dzuwa zili m’magulu awiri akuluakulu: thupi ndi mankhwala. Zoteteza ku dzuwa zimakhala ndi timinofu ting'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala ngati chishango chotchinga kuwala kwa dzuwa. Mankhwala oteteza dzuwa amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opangidwa omwe amamwa kuwala kwa UV asanafike pakhungu.

Vuto ndiloti zotetezazi zimatsuka m'madzi. Mwachitsanzo, kwa alendo 10,000 aliwonse omwe amasangalala ndi mafunde, pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 4 a mchere amapita kunyanja tsiku lililonse.¹ Izi zingawoneke ngati zazing'ono, koma mcherewu umapangitsa kupanga hydrogen peroxide, mankhwala odziwika bwino a bleaching, pamlingo wokwanira kuvulaza zamoyo za m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pamankhwala ambiri oteteza dzuwa ndi oxybenzone, molekyulu yopangidwa yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi poizoni ku ma corals, algae, urchins zam'nyanja, nsomba ndi nyama zoyamwitsa. Dontho limodzi la mankhwalawa m'madzi opitilira 4 miliyoni ndi okwanira kuyika zamoyo pangozi.

Pafupifupi matani 14,000 a dzuwa akukhulupirira kuti amaikidwa m'nyanja zam'nyanja chaka chilichonse ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu komwe kumapezeka m'madera otchuka monga Hawaii ndi Caribbean.

Mu 2015, bungwe lopanda phindu la Haereticus Environmental Laboratory linafufuza gombe la Trunk Bay ku St. John, USVI, kumene anthu okwana 5,000 amasambira tsiku lililonse. Pafupifupi mapaundi 6,000 a mafuta oteteza dzuwa amaikidwa pamiyala pachaka.

Chaka chomwecho, adapeza kuti pafupifupi mapaundi a 412 a dzuwa ankayikidwa tsiku lililonse pamtunda wa Hanauma Bay, malo otchuka osambira ku Oahu omwe amakoka pafupifupi osambira 2,600 patsiku.

Zinthu zina zoteteza ku dzuwa zimatha kukhala poizoni kwa matanthwe ndi anthu. Ma Parabens monga methyl paraben ndi butyl paraben ndi mankhwala ophera fungal ndi antibacterial agents omwe amakulitsa moyo wa alumali wazinthu. Phenoxyethanol poyambirira idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala opha nsomba.

Dziko la Pacific la Palau linali dziko loyamba kuletsa mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa "owopsa m'madzi". Lasaina kukhala lamulo mu Okutobala 2018, lamulolo limaletsa kugulitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta oteteza dzuwa omwe ali ndi chilichonse mwazinthu 10 zoletsedwa, kuphatikiza oxybenzone. Alendo odzaona malo amene amabweretsa mafuta oteteza dzuŵa oletsedwa m’dzikolo adzalandidwa, ndipo mabizinesi amene amagulitsa zinthuzo adzalipitsidwa chindapusa cha madola 1,000. Lamuloli liyamba kugwira ntchito mu 2020.

Pa Meyi 1, Hawaii idapereka lamulo loletsa kugulitsa ndi kugawa mafuta oteteza dzuwa okhala ndi mankhwala oxybenzone ndi octinoxate. Malamulo atsopano oteteza dzuwa ku Hawaii ayamba kugwira ntchito pa Jan. 1, 2021.

MFUNDO YOTHANDIZA: Zodzitetezera ku Dzuwa Ziyenera Kukhala Malo Anu Omaliza

Zovala, monga malaya, zipewa, mathalauza, zimatha kuteteza khungu lanu kuti lisawononge kuwala kwa UV. Ambulera imathanso kukutetezani ku dzuwa loyipa. Konzani tsiku lanu mozungulira dzuwa. Tulukani panja m'maŵa kapena masana dzuwa likatsika m'mwamba.

Koma ngati mukuyang'anabe chiwombankhangacho, mungagwire bwanji ntchito yoteteza dzuwa?

Choyamba, iwalani ma aerosols. Zosakaniza zamankhwala zomwe zimatulutsidwa zimakhala zazing'ono kwambiri, zokokedwa m'mapapo, ndipo zimamwazikana ndi mpweya ku chilengedwe.

Chachiwiri, ganizirani zinthu zomwe zili ndi mchere woteteza dzuwa wokhala ndi zinc oxide ndi titanium dioxide. Ayenera kukhala "osakhala nano" kukula kwake kuti aziwoneka ngati otetezeka mwamatanthwe. Ngati ali pansi pa 100 nanometers, zonona zimatha kulowetsedwa ndi ma coral. Onaninso mndandanda wa zosakaniza za zosungira zomwe zatchulidwa kale.

Chachitatu, pitani ku webusayiti ya Bungwe la Safe Sunscreen Council. Uwu ndi mgwirizano wamakampani omwe ali ndi ntchito yogawana nawo kuti aphunzire nkhaniyi, kudziwitsa anthu zamakampani osamalira khungu ndi ogula ndikuthandizira kukulitsa ndi kutengera zinthu zotetezedwa kwa anthu ndi dziko lapansi.

¹Ma kilogalamu anayi ndi pafupifupi mapaundi 9 ndipo ndi pafupifupi kulemera kwa tchuthi chanu cha ham kapena Turkey.