Si Aakulu Okha

Kwa iwo omwe amasamala za nyanja yathu, moyo wamkati, ndi madera a anthu omwe amadalira nyanja yathanzi - malingaliro owonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito nyanja zam'madzi akuwopseza ntchito yonse yomwe ikuchitika kuti athetse mavuto omwe alipo chifukwa cha zochita za anthu. Pamene tikuyesera kuchepetsa madera akufa, kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa nsomba, kuteteza nyama za m'nyanja kuti zisawonongeke, ndikulimbikitsa ubale wabwino wa anthu ndi nyanja yomwe moyo waumunthu umadalira, chinthu chomaliza chomwe tikusowa ndikukulitsa kukumba mafuta kunyanja. Kupanga mafuta ku United States kuli pamiyezo yodziwika bwino kumatanthauza kuti sitiyenera kubweretsanso zovuta zina komanso chiopsezo chowonjezereka kudzera mukupeza mafuta ndi gasi ndikuchotsa.  

Kamba wokutidwa ndi mafuta pafupi ndi Gulf of Mexico, 2010, Florida Fish and Wildlife/Blair Witherington

Kutayikira kwakukulu kwamafuta kuli ngati mphepo yamkuntho- amalembedwa m'chikumbukiro chathu chonse: kutayika kwa Santa Barbara mu 1969, kutayika kwa Exxon Valdez ku Alaska mu 1989, ndi tsoka la BP Deepwater Horizon mu 2010, lomwe limaposa ena onse m'madzi aku US. Awo amene anakumana nazo kapena amene anaona ziyambukiro zawo pa TV—sangaziŵaŵale—magombe akuda, mbalame zothiridwa mafuta, ma dolphin osatha kupuma, nsomba zimapha, midzi yosaoneka yophwanyidwa ya nkhono, nyongolotsi za m’nyanja, ndi maulalo ena a moyo. Ngozi iliyonseyi inachititsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwa chitetezo ndi kuyang'anira ntchito, njira zothandizira kusokoneza ntchito za anthu ndi kuvulaza nyama zakutchire, komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa malo opatulika omwe kukumba mafuta kunali kosaloledwa ngati njira yotetezera ntchito zina za m'nyanja - kuphatikizapo kuyang'ana namgumi. , zosangulutsa, ndi usodzi—ndi malo amene anali kuchirikiza. Koma chiwonongeko chimene anayambitsa chikupitirirabe lerolino—chimayesedwa ndi kutayika kwa mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo monga hering’i, kubereka kwa ma dolphin, ndi zotsatira zina zodziŵika.

-The Houma Courier, 1 Januware 2018

Pali mafuta ambiri otayika omwe sapanga tsamba loyamba kapena pamwamba pa ola lankhani. Anthu ambiri adaphonya kutayikira kwakukulu ku Gulf of Mexico mu Okutobala 2017, pomwe chotchingira madzi akuya chinawukhira magaloni opitilira 350,000. Osati kokha kutayika kwakukulu kwambiri kuyambira ngozi ya BP, voliyumu yomwe inatayika inali yosavuta kuti iwonetsetse kuti kutaya kwa 10 pamwamba pa kuchuluka kwa mafuta otulutsidwa m'madzi a m'nyanja. Momwemonso, ngati simuli mdera lanu, mwina simukukumbukira kuti tanki idakhazikitsidwa ku Nantucket mu 1976, kapena kukhazikitsidwa kwa Selendang Ayu ku Aleutians mu 2004, onse omwe ali pamiyezi khumi yapamwamba kwambiri. US madzi. Ngozi zonga ngati izi zikuwoneka kuti zikuchulukirachulukira ngati ntchito zikuyenda m'malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chowonjezereka-mamita masauzande pansi pamtunda ndikupita kumadzi opanda chitetezo komanso mikhalidwe yowopsa monga Arctic. 

Koma sikuti kungowopsyeza zinthu kumalakwika komwe kumapangitsa kukulitsa kubowola mafuta akunyanja kukhala kuvulaza kwapang'onopang'ono, kosafunikira m'madzi athu am'nyanja. Zotsatira zoyipa zambiri zamachitidwe obowola mafuta akunyanja sizimakhudzana ndi ngozi. Ngakhale ntchito yopangira zida ndi kukumba isanayambike, kuphulika kwamfuti zamlengalenga komwe kumatanthawuza kuyesa kwa zivomezi kumawononga nyama zakuthengo ndikusokoneza usodzi. Mapaipi a mafuta ndi gasi ku Gulf of Mexico akuphatikiza 5% yolumikizidwa ndi makina opangira mafuta, ndi mapaipi masauzande ndi masauzande ambiri odutsa pansi panyanja, komanso kukokoloka kwa madambo opatsa moyo omwe amalepheretsa madera athu. namondwe. Zowonongeka zina zimaphatikizapo phokoso lamadzi lochokera ku kubowola, zoyendetsa, ndi ntchito zina, kunyamula poizoni kuchokera kumatope oboola, kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala chifukwa cha mapaipi ochulukirapo omwe amaikidwa pansi pa nyanja, komanso kusagwirizana ndi nyama zam'madzi, kuphatikizapo anamgumi, dolphin, nsomba, ndi mbalame za m’nyanja.  

Deepwater Horizon Fire, 2010, EPI2oh

Nthawi yomaliza kukulitsa kubowola mafuta m'mphepete mwa nyanja kunalinganizidwa m'madera akumidzi aku US m'mphepete mwa nyanja iliyonse. Kuchokera ku Florida kupita ku North Carolina kupita ku New York, iwo adadandaula za zotsatira za mafakitale akuluakulu m'madzi omwe amathandiza moyo wawo. Iwo anadandaula ponena za kuwononga kumene kungakhalepo ku zokopa alendo, nyama zakuthengo, mabanja asodzi, kuonera anamgumi, ndi zosangulutsa. Iwo adadandaula kuti kulephera kukakamiza chitetezo ndi njira zopewera kutaya kungayambitse mavuto ambiri m'madzi otseguka a Pacific, Atlantic, ndi Arctic. Pomaliza, iwo anali omveka bwino za chikhulupiriro chawo chakuti kuika pachiswe usodzi, nyama zoyamwitsa zam'madzi, ndi madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndikuyika pachiwopsezo cholowa cha chuma chathu chodabwitsa cha m'nyanja chomwe tili nacho ku mibadwo yamtsogolo.

Yakwana nthawi yoti madera amenewo, komanso tonsefe, tibwerenso limodzi. Tiyenera kulumikizana ndi atsogoleri athu am'boma komanso amderali kuti amvetsetse kufunika kowongolera tsogolo lathu lanyanja m'njira zomwe sizikuwononga zomwe zikuchitika panopa. 

Loon yokutidwa ndi mafuta, Trish Carney/MarinePhotoBank

Tiyenera kufunsa chifukwa chake. Chifukwa chiyani makampani amafuta ndi gasi ayenera kuloledwa kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yathu yapanyanja kuti apeze phindu? Chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kukhulupirira kuti kubowola panyanja panyanja ndi njira yabwino paubwenzi waku America ndi nyanja? Kodi nchifukwa ninji tikuika patsogolo zinthu zoika moyo pachiswe kwambiri, zovulaza? Chifukwa chiyani tingasinthe malamulo omwe amafuna kuti makampani opanga magetsi akhale oyandikana nawo abwino komanso kuteteza anthu?

Tiyenera kufunsa chiyani. Ndi chosowa chanji cha anthu aku America chomwe chimapangitsa kukulitsa kubowola mafuta m'mphepete mwa nyanja kukhala pachiwopsezo kwa anthu aku America? Ndi zitsimikizo ziti zomwe tingakhulupiriredi pamene mphepo yamkuntho ikuwonjezereka komanso yosayembekezereka? Kodi pali njira zina ziti m'malo mokumba mafuta ndi gasi zomwe zimagwirizana ndi anthu athanzi komanso nyanja zathanzi?

Tsiku la 30 la Deepwater Horizon mafuta atayikira ku Gulf of Mexico, 2010, Green Fire Productions

Tiyenera kufunsa momwe. Kodi tingalungamitse bwanji kuvulaza kwa anthu amene amadalira usodzi, zokopa alendo, ndi ulimi wa m’madzi? Kodi tingalepheretse bwanji zaka zambiri za kubwezeretsanso usodzi, nyama za m’nyanja, ndi malo okhala m’mphepete mwa nyanja mwa kuchotsa malamulo ochirikiza makhalidwe abwino? 

Tiyenera kufunsa ndani. Ndani angabwere pamodzi ndikutsutsa kupititsa patsogolo kwamadzi aku America? Ndani adzaimirira ndi kulankhula za mibadwo yamtsogolo? Kodi ndani amene angathandize kuti madera athu a m’mphepete mwa nyanja apitirizebe kuchita bwino?  

Ndipo tikudziwa yankho lake. Moyo wa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri aku America uli pachiwopsezo. Ubwino wa magombe athu uli pachiwopsezo. Tsogolo la nyanja yathu komanso mphamvu yake yotulutsa mpweya komanso kutentha kwanyengo zili pachiwopsezo. Yankho ndi ife. Tikhoza kubwera palimodzi. Titha kukambirana ndi atsogoleri athu. Tikhoza kupempha otipanga zisankho. Titha kunena momveka bwino kuti tikuyimira nyanja, madera athu am'mphepete mwa nyanja, komanso mibadwo yamtsogolo.

Tengani cholembera chanu, piritsi yanu, kapena foni yanu. 5-Kuyimba kumapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kulumikizana ndi oyimira anu ndikuwuzani nkhawa zanu. Mukhozanso kulimbana ndi kuopseza ndi kusaina wathu CURRENTS pempho pakubowola kunyanja ndipo opanga zisankho adziwe kuti nzokwanira. Magombe aku America ndi nyanja ndi cholowa chathu komanso cholowa chathu. Palibe chifukwa chopatsa mabungwe akuluakulu apadziko lonse mwayi wopita kunyanja yathu. Palibe chifukwa choika pangozi nsomba zathu, ma dolphin athu, manatees athu, kapena mbalame zathu. Palibe chifukwa chosokoneza moyo wa waterman kapena kuika mabedi oyster ndi udzu wa m'nyanja momwe moyo umadalira. Tinganene kuti ayi. Tinganene kuti pali njira ina. 

Ndi za nyanja,
Mark J. Spalding, Purezidenti