Kuyang'ana Mmbuyo Kuti Tipite Patsogolo: Msonkhano wa UN Ocean wa 2022

Kutsatira kuyimitsidwa pazochitika zamunthu kuyambira chiyambi cha mliri, pakati pa 'chaka cha m'nyanja' chidadziwika ndi Msonkhano wa UN Ocean wa 2022 ku Lisbon, Portugal. Ndi opezekapo opitilira 6,500 omwe akuyimira osapindula, mabungwe abizinesi, maboma, ndi ena onse omwe alowa nawo m'masiku asanu odzaza ndi zomwe alonjeza, zokambirana, ndi zochitika zamisonkhano, nthumwi za The Ocean Foundation (TOF) zidakonzeka kupereka ndi kuthana ndi mitu yofunikira, kuyambira mapulasitiki mpaka kuyimira padziko lonse lapansi.

Nthumwi za TOF zomwe zidawonetsa gulu lathu losiyanasiyana, ndi antchito asanu ndi atatu omwe adapezekapo, omwe adafotokoza nkhani zambiri. Nthumwi zathu zidabwera zokonzeka kuthana ndi kuipitsidwa kwa pulasitiki, kaboni wabuluu, acidization wa m'nyanja, migodi yakuya, kufanana mu sayansi, kuphunzira m'nyanja, kulumikizana ndi nyengo ya m'nyanja, chuma cha buluu, komanso ulamuliro wanyanja.

Gulu lathu la pulogalamu yakhala ndi mwayi woganizira za mayanjano omwe adapangidwa, zomwe zidapangidwa padziko lonse lapansi, komanso kuphunzira kodabwitsa komwe kunachitika kuyambira pa Juni 27 mpaka pa Julayi 1, 2022. Zina mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe TOF ikuchita pamsonkhano ndi pansipa.

Ocean Science luso

Zokambirana za kuthekera komwe kumafunika kuchita sayansi yam'nyanja ndikuchitapo kanthu pazanyanja zam'nyanja zidalumikizidwa mumisonkhano yamlungu yonse. Chochitika chathu chovomerezeka, "Kutha kwa Sayansi ya Ocean monga Mkhalidwe Wokwaniritsa SDG 14: Malingaliro ndi Mayankho, "adayang'aniridwa ndi Woyang'anira Pulogalamu ya TOF Alexis Valauri-Orton ndipo adawonetsa gulu la akatswiri omwe adagawana malingaliro awo ndi malingaliro awo kuti achotse zopinga zomwe zimalepheretsa chilungamo m'madzi am'nyanja. Wachiwiri kwa Mlembi Wothandizira wa Dipatimenti ya Boma la US ku Oceans, Fisheries and Polar Affairs, Pulofesa Maxine Burkett, adapereka mawu otsegulira olimbikitsa. Ndipo, Katy Soapi (The Pacific Community) ndi Henrik Enevoldsen (IOC-UNESCO) adawonetsa kufunika kokhala ndi maubwenzi olimba asanayambe kugwira ntchito.

Dr. Enevoldsen anatsindika kuti simungawononge nthawi yokwanira kuti mupeze okondedwa oyenera, pamene Dr. Dr. JP Walsh wochokera ku yunivesite ya Rhode Island analimbikitsa kumanga mu nthawi yake kusangalala ndi zochitika zaumwini, monga kusambira panyanja, kuti zithandize kukumbukira ndi maubwenzi abwino. Otsogolera ena, a TOF Program Officer Frances Lang ndi Damboia Cossa ochokera ku yunivesite ya Eduardo Mondlane ku Mozambique, adatsindika kufunikira kobweretsa sayansi ya chikhalidwe cha anthu ndikuganizira zomwe zikuchitika m'deralo - kuphatikizapo maphunziro, zomangamanga, mikhalidwe, ndi mwayi wopeza luso lamakono. kumanga.

Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo chithandizo cha sayansi ya nyanja, TOF yalengeza njira yatsopano yopangira Funders Collaborative kuti athandizire UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. Adalengezedwa pamwambo wa UN Ocean Decade Forum, mgwirizanowu ukufuna kulimbikitsa Zaka khumi za Ocean Science pophatikiza ndalama ndi zinthu zina zothandizira chitukuko cha luso, kulumikizana, komanso kupanga limodzi sayansi yam'nyanja. Mamembala oyambitsa mgwirizanowu akuphatikizapo Lenfest Ocean Program ya Pew Charitable Trust, Tula Foundation, REV Ocean, Fundação Grupo Boticário, ndi Schmidt Ocean Institute.

Purezidenti wathu, a Mark J. Spalding, adayitanidwa ndi Boma la Spain ndi Mexico kuti alankhule za momwe kuyang'anira zam'madzi kuli kofunika kwambiri pakulimba kwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso chuma chokhazikika cha buluu monga gawo lazachuma. chochitika cha mbali yovomerezeka pa "Sayansi yopita kunyanja yokhazikika".

Deep Seabed Mining Moratorium

Madandaulo omveka bwino okhudza migodi ya pansi pa nyanja (DSM) adanenedwa mumsonkhano wonsewo. TOF idachitapo kanthu pothandizira kuyimitsa (kuletsa kwakanthawi) pokhapokha ngati DSM itapitilirabe popanda kuwononga chilengedwe, kutayika kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo, kuwopseza chikhalidwe chathu chowoneka ndi chosawoneka, kapena kuwopsa kwa ntchito zachilengedwe.

Ogwira ntchito ku TOF analipo pazochitika zopitilira khumi ndi ziwiri zokhudzana ndi DSM, kuyambira pazokambirana zapamtima, kupita ku Interactive Dialogues, kupita kuphwando lovina la m'manja kutilimbikitsa #kuyang'ana pansi ndikuyamika nyanja yakuzama ndikulimbikitsa chiletso cha DSM. TOF idaphunzira ndikugawana sayansi yabwino kwambiri yomwe ikupezeka, idakambirana pazamalamulo a DSM, idalemba mfundo zoyankhulirana ndikuchitapo kanthu, ndikukonza njira ndi anzawo, anzawo, ndi nthumwi zamayiko ochokera padziko lonse lapansi. Zochitika zosiyanasiyana zam'mbali zimayang'ana makamaka pa DSM, komanso panyanja yakuya, zamoyo zosiyanasiyana, komanso ntchito zachilengedwe zomwe amapereka.

Alliance Against Deep Seabed Mining idakhazikitsidwa ndi Palau, ndipo idalumikizidwa ndi Fiji ndi Samoa (Federated States of Micronesia adalowa nawo). Dr. Sylvia Earle adalimbikitsa motsutsana ndi DSM muzochitika zokhazikika komanso zosakhazikika; zokambirana za UNCLOS zidayamba kuombera m'manja pomwe nthumwi yachinyamata idafunsa momwe zisankho zokhuza mibadwo yosiyanasiyana zimapangidwira popanda kufunsa achinyamata; ndi Purezidenti wa France Macron adadabwitsa ambiri popempha kuti boma lalamulo liyimitse DSM, ponena kuti: "Tiyenera kukhazikitsa malamulo oletsa migodi ya m'nyanja zazikulu komanso kuti tisalole zochitika zatsopano zomwe zingawononge chilengedwe."

Kuwunikira pa Ocean Acidification

Nyanja imagwira ntchito yofunikira pakuwongolera nyengo koma imamva zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide. Motero, kusintha kwa nyengo za nyanja kunali nkhani yofunika kwambiri. Ocean warming, deoxygenation, and acidification (OA) adawonetsedwa mu Interactive Dialogue yomwe inasonkhanitsa nthumwi ya US Climate John Kerry ndi abwenzi a TOF, kuphatikizapo wapampando wa Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network Dr. Steve Widdicombe ndi Secretariat for International Alliance to Combat Ocean Acidification Jessie Turner, monga wapampando ndi gulu, motsatana.

Alexis Valauri-Orton adachitapo kanthu m'malo mwa TOF, pozindikira kuthandizira kwathu kosalekeza kwa zida, maphunziro, ndi chithandizo chomwe chimathandizira kuwunika kwa acidity ya nyanja m'magawo omwe amapindula kwambiri ndi izi.

Accessible Ocean Action Padziko Lonse

TOF idachita nawo zochitika zingapo zomwe zidapezeka kwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo pamsonkhanowu padziko lonse lapansi. Frances Lang adapereka m'malo mwa TOF pagulu limodzi ndi akatswiri olemekezeka ochokera ku yunivesite ya Edinburgh, Patagonia Europe, Save The Waves, Surfrider Foundation, ndi Surf Industry Manufacturers Association.

Mwambowu, womwe unakonzedwa ndi Surfers Against Sewage, udasonkhanitsa otsogolera otsogola, ophunzira, mabungwe omwe siaboma, ndi oyimira masewera amadzi kuti akambirane momwe zochitika zapansi ndi sayansi ya nzika zingagwiritsiridwe ntchito kukopa zisankho zakumaloko, mfundo zadziko, komanso mkangano wapadziko lonse lapansi kuti titeteze ndikubwezeretsa thanzi lathu. nyanja. Okambawo adakambirana za kufunikira kwa zochitika zam'nyanja zopezeka m'magulu onse a anthu, kuyambira kusonkhanitsa deta zam'mphepete mwa nyanja motsogozedwa ndi anthu odzipereka ammudzi kupita ku maphunziro apanyanja a K-12 motsogozedwa ndi maubwenzi ndi utsogoleri wam'deralo. 

TOF idakonzanso chochitika cha zilankhulo ziwiri (Chingerezi ndi Chisipanishi) chomwe chimayang'ana kwambiri kuchepetsa kusintha kwanyengo pobwezeretsa zachilengedwe zam'madzi ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Alejandra Navarrete, Woyang'anira Pulogalamu ya TOF, adathandizira zokambirana zamphamvu pakukhazikitsa mayankho okhudzana ndi chilengedwe m'madera komanso ku Mexico. Ben Scheelk Woyang'anira Pulogalamu ya TOF ndi ena omwe adagawana nawo momwe mitengo ya mangrove, miyala yamchere yamchere, ndi udzu wa m'nyanja zimaperekera chithandizo chofunikira pakusintha kwanyengo komanso kuthana ndi kusintha kwanyengo, komanso momwe kubwezeretsedwa kwa kaboni wabuluu kumatsimikiziridwa kuti kubwezeretsenso ntchito zachilengedwe komanso moyo wogwirizana nawo.

High Seas Ocean Governance

Mark J. Spalding, mu udindo wake monga Sargasso Sea Commissioner, analankhula pa chochitika cham'mbali chomwe chinayang'ana ntchito ya SARGADOM ya "Hybrid governance in the High Seas". 'SARGADOM' ikuphatikiza mayina a malo awiri a polojekitiyi - Nyanja ya Sargasso ku North Atlantic ndi Thermal Dome ku Eastern Tropical Pacific. Ntchitoyi imathandizidwa ndi a Fonds Français pour l'Environnement Mondial.

Thermal Dome ku Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean ndi Nyanja ya Sargasso ku North Atlantic ndi njira ziwiri zomwe zikuwonekera ngati zoyeserera padziko lonse lapansi zomwe cholinga chake ndi kukhazikitsa njira zatsopano zolamulira, mwachitsanzo, maulamuliro omwe amaphatikiza njira yachigawo komanso njira yapadziko lonse lapansi yothandizira kuteteza zachilengedwe ndi ntchito zachilengedwe m'nyanja zazikulu.

Ocean-Climate Nexus

Mu 2007, TOF idathandizira kupeza nawo gawo la Ocean-Climate Platform. Mark J. Spalding adagwirizana nawo pa 30th ya June kuti akambirane za kufunika kwa International Panel for Ocean Sustainability kuti alole kuunika kwamakono ndi tsogolo la nyanja ya m'nyanja mofanana ndi International Panel on Climate Change. Zitangotha ​​izi, Ocean-Climate Platform inakhala ndi zokambirana za Oceans of Solutions kuti ziwonetsere zokhumba zapanyanja zomwe zimapezeka, zowonongeka, komanso zokhazikika; kuphatikizapo TOF Kuyika kwa Sargassum zoyesayesa, zomwe Marko adapereka.

Monga kaŵirikaŵiri pamisonkhano ikuluikulu imeneyi, misonkhano ing’onoing’ono yosakonzekera ndi yamwamsanga inali yothandiza kwambiri. Tinapeza mwayi wokumana ndi abwenzi komanso anzathu mlungu wonse. Mark J. Spalding anali m'modzi mwa gulu la akuluakulu a NGO oteteza nyanja omwe adakumana ndi White House's Council on Environmental Quality, komanso Mtsogoleri wa White House Office of Science and Technology. Momwemonso, Mark adakhala nthawi yamisonkhano ya "High Level" ndi anzathu ku The Commonwealth Blue Charter kuti tikambirane zachilungamo, chophatikizika komanso chokhazikika chachitetezo cha nyanja ndi chitukuko cha zachuma. 

Kuphatikiza pa zokambiranazi, TOF idathandizira zochitika zina zingapo ndipo ogwira ntchito ku TOF adathandizira zokambirana zovuta zokhudzana ndi kuipitsidwa kwa pulasitiki, malo otetezedwa am'madzi, acidity yam'nyanja, kupirira kwanyengo, kuyankha kwapadziko lonse lapansi, komanso kuchita nawo makampani.

Zotsatira ndi Kuyang'ana Patsogolo

Mutu wa msonkhano wa UN Ocean wa 2022 unali "Kukulitsa zochitika zapanyanja potengera sayansi ndi luso lothandizira kukwaniritsa cholinga cha 14: kuwerengera masheya, mgwirizano ndi mayankho." Panali zodziwika bwino zokhudzana ndi mutuwu, kuphatikizapo kuwonjezereka kwachangu ndi chidwi choperekedwa ku zoopsa za acidization ya m'nyanja, mphamvu zobwezeretsa za carbon blue, ndi kuopsa kwa DSM. Azimayi anali amphamvu kwambiri pa msonkhano wonse, ndi magulu otsogozedwa ndi akazi omwe anali odziwika bwino monga ena mwa zokambirana zofunika kwambiri pa sabata (Nthumwi za TOF zomwe zinali ndi pafupifupi 90% ya amayi).

Panalinso madera ozindikiridwa ndi TOF komwe tikufunika kuwona kupita patsogolo, kupititsa patsogolo mwayi, komanso kuphatikiza kwakukulu:

• Tidawona kusowa koyimilira pamagawo ovomerezeka pamwambowu, komabe, pazolowera, misonkhano yosakhazikika, komanso zochitika zam'mbali zomwe zidachokera kumayiko omwe alibe zida zambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri, zotheka kuchita, komanso zofunika kukambirana.
• Chiyembekezo chathu ndikuwona kuyimira kochulukira, kuphatikizidwa, ndi kuchitapo kanthu kochokera muzachuma zazikulu zoyang'anira malo otetezedwa am'madzi, kuyimitsa usodzi wa IUU, ndikuletsa kuyipitsa kwa pulasitiki.
• Tikuyembekezanso kuwona kuyimitsidwa kapena kuyimitsa pa DSM mchaka chamawa.
• Kutenga nawo mbali mwachangu, komanso kulumikizana mwamphamvu ndi omwe akukhudzidwawo zikhala zofunikira kwa onse opezeka pa msonkhano wa UN Ocean kuti akwaniritse zonse zomwe tikufuna kuchita. Kwa TOF, zikuwonekeratu kuti ntchito yomwe tikuchita ndiyofunika kwambiri.

'Chaka cha m'nyanja' chikupitilira ndi Mangrove Congress of America mu Okutobala, COP27 mu Novembala, ndi msonkhano wa UN Biodiversity Conference mu Disembala. Pazochitika zonsezi ndi zochitika zina zapadziko lonse lapansi, TOF ikuyembekeza kuwona ndi kulimbikitsa kupitirizabe kupita patsogolo kuonetsetsa kuti mawu a omwe ali ndi mphamvu zosintha komanso omwe akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa nyengo ndi kuwonongeka kwa nyanja akumveka. Msonkhano wotsatira wa UN Ocean udzachitika mu 2025.