Ocean Sustainability ndi Global Resource Management
Mark J. Spalding, Purezidenti wa The Ocean Foundation
Mwezi watha ndinapita ku doko la Kiel, likulu la dziko la Germany la Schleswig-Holstein. Ndinali kumeneko kutenga nawo mbali mu Ocean Sustainability Science Symposium. Monga gawo la zokambirana za m'mawa woyamba, ntchito yanga inali yokamba za "Nyanja mu Anthropocene - Kuchokera Kuwonongeka kwa Matanthwe a Coral mpaka Kukwera kwa Zingwe za Pulasitiki." Kukonzekera nkhani yosiyiranayi kunandilola kuti ndiganizirenso za ubale wa anthu ndi nyanja, ndikuyesetsa kufotokoza mwachidule zomwe tikuchita ndi zomwe tikuyenera kuchita.
Tiyenera kusintha mmene timachitira ndi nyanja. Ngati tisiya kuwononga nyanja, idzachira pakapita nthawi popanda thandizo lililonse kuchokera kwa ife. Tikudziwa kuti tikuchotsa zinthu zabwino kwambiri m'nyanja, ndikuyika zinthu zoyipa kwambiri. Ndipo mochulukira, tikuchita mwachangu kuposa momwe nyanja ingabweretsere zinthu zabwino ndikuchira zoyipa. Chiyambireni nkhondo yachiŵiri ya padziko lonse, zinthu zoipa zawonjezeka pang’onopang’ono. Choyipirapo, chochulukirachulukira sichowopsa, komanso chosawonongeka (ndithu mu nthawi iliyonse yoyenera). Mitsinje yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pulasitiki, mwachitsanzo, imapita kunyanja ndi m'mitsinje, imasonkhana m'magulu asanu ndikusweka tinthu ting'onoting'ono pakapita nthawi. Tizilombo timeneti tikupeza njira yolowera m'njira yolowera chakudya cha nyama ndi anthu. Ngakhale ma corals amapezeka kuti amadya tinthu tating'ono ta pulasitiki tomwe timamwa poizoni, mabakiteriya ndi ma virus omwe adatola ndikutsekeka.mfumu mayamwidwe weniweni zakudya. Umu ndi mtundu wa zovulaza zomwe ziyenera kupewedwa kaamba ka zamoyo zonse padziko lapansi.
Tili ndi kudalira kosalephereka komanso kosatsutsika pa ntchito za m'nyanja, ngakhale nyanjayi ilibe kuti ititumikire. Ngati tipitiliza kukhazikitsa kukula kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi panyanja, komanso monga ena opanga mfundo akuyang'ana nyanja ya "kukula kwa buluu" kwatsopano tiyenera:
• Yesetsani kuti musavulaze chilichonse
• Pangani mwayi wobwezeretsanso thanzi la m'nyanja ndikukhala bwino
• Chotsani kukakamiza kukhulupilika komwe anthu amagawana—zogwirizana
Kodi tingalimbikitse mgwirizano wapadziko lonse womwe umagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha nyanja ngati gawo logawana nawo mayiko?
Timadziwa zoopsa za m'nyanja. Ndipotu, ndife amene ali ndi udindo pa mkhalidwe wake wamakono wa kunyozeka. Titha kuzindikira mayankho ndikukhala ndi udindo wowakwaniritsa. Holocene yatha, talowa mu Anthropocene-ndiko kunena kuti, mawu omwe tsopano akufotokoza nthawi yamakono ya geological yomwe ndi mbiri yamakono ndipo ikuwonetsa zizindikiro za kukhudzidwa kwakukulu kwaumunthu. Tayesa kapena kupyola malire a chilengedwe kudzera muzochita zathu.
Monga momwe mnzanga wina ananenera posachedwapa, tadzitulutsa tokha m’paradaiso. Tinasangalala ndi zaka pafupifupi 12,000 za nyengo yokhazikika, yodziŵika bwino ndipo tawononga kwambiri mpweya wochokera m'magalimoto athu, mafakitale ndi magetsi kuti tipsompsone.
Kuti tisinthe momwe timachitira ndi nyanja, tiyenera kutanthauzira kukhazikika kwathunthu kuposa momwe tachitira kale - kuphatikiza:
• Ganizirani za njira zopewera komanso zochizira, osati kungozolowera kusintha kwakanthawi
• Ganizirani momwe nyanja imagwirira ntchito, kuyanjana, kuchuluka kwamphamvu, ndi mayankho afupipafupi.
• Osavulaza, pewani kuipitsidwa kwambiri
• Kuteteza zachilengedwe
• Nkhawa za chikhalidwe ndi zachuma
• Chilungamo / chilungamo / zokonda zachikhalidwe
• Zokongola / kukongola / zowonera / malingaliro a malo
• Mfundo za mbiriyakale/zikhalidwe ndi zosiyana
• Njira zothetsera, kupititsa patsogolo ndi kubwezeretsa
Tachita bwino kudziwitsa anthu za zinthu zam'nyanja zaka makumi atatu zapitazi. Tawonetsetsa kuti nkhani za m'nyanja zili pamisonkhano yapadziko lonse lapansi. Atsogoleri athu adziko lonse ndi apadziko lonse avomereza kufunika kothana ndi zoopsa zomwe zikuchitika panyanja. Tingakhale ndi chiyembekezo kuti tsopano tikuchitapo kanthu.
Monga momwe tachitira pamlingo wina ndi kasamalidwe ka nkhalango, tikuchoka ku kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kupita ku chitetezo ndi kuteteza nyanja monga momwe tikudziwira kuti monga nkhalango zathanzi ndi madera akutchire, nyanja yathanzi ili ndi phindu losaneneka kuti lipindule ndi zamoyo zonse padziko lapansi. Kunganenedwe kuti mwapang’ono tinapatuka pa phazi lolakwa m’masiku oyambirira a mbiri ya kayendetsedwe ka chilengedwe pamene mawu oitanira kusungitsa anatayika kwa awo amene anagogomezera “ufulu” wa anthu wa kugwiritsira ntchito chilengedwe cha Mulungu kaamba ka ubwino wathu, popanda kulabadira mozama. udindo wathu woyang'anira chilengedwe chimenecho.
Monga chitsanzo cha zomwe zingatheke, nditseka ndikulozera ku acidity ya nyanja, zotsatira za mpweya wowonjezera wa Greenhouse Gas womwe unkadziwika koma wosamvetsetseka kwa zaka zambiri. Kupyolera mu mndandanda wa misonkhano yake ya "The Oceans in a High CO2 World," Prince Albert II wa Monaco, adalimbikitsa chitukuko chofulumira cha sayansi, mgwirizano waukulu pakati pa asayansi, komanso kumvetsetsa kwapadziko lonse za vutoli ndi chifukwa chake. Momwemonso, atsogoleri a boma adayankha zomveka bwino komanso zokhutiritsa za zochitika za acidity ya m'nyanja m'mafamu a nkhono ku Pacific Northwest-kukhazikitsa mfundo zothana ndi chiwopsezo chamakampani omwe ali ndi madola mamiliyoni mazana ambiri kuderali.
Chifukwa chake, kudzera muzochita zogwirira ntchito za anthu angapo komanso chidziwitso chogawana komanso kufunitsitsa kuchitapo kanthu, tinatha kuwona kumasulira mwachangu kwa sayansi kukhala ndondomeko yokhazikika, mfundo zomwe zikuwongolera thanzi lazinthu zomwe moyo wonse umakhalapo. zimadalira. Ichi ndi chitsanzo chomwe tikuyenera kutengera ngati tikhala ndi moyo wokhazikika panyanja komanso kuteteza zachilengedwe zam'madzi kwa mibadwo yamtsogolo.
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