Ndemanga Zathu pa Executive Order Pakuthana ndi Mavuto a Nyengo Kunyumba ndi Kunja

Adatumizidwa ku NOAA pa 2 Epulo 2021

Poyankha Laposachedwa la Executive Order on Kuthana ndi Mavuto a Nyengo Kunyumba ndi Kunja NOAA yalangizidwa kusonkhanitsa malingaliro a momwe angapangire nsomba ndi zotetezedwa kuti zigwirizane ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, kuphatikizapo kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.

Ife a The Ocean Foundation tikulandira mwayi woyankha. Ocean Foundation ndi antchito ake apano akhala akugwira ntchito pazakusintha kwanyanja ndi nyengo kuyambira 1990; pa Ocean Acidification kuyambira 2003; ndi nkhani zokhudzana ndi "blue carbon" kuyambira 2007.

Ocean-Climate Nexus yakhazikitsidwa bwino

Zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa mpweya wotenthetsa dziko lapansi zikuwopseza chilengedwe cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi m'nyanja chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha kwa nyanja ndi kusungunuka kwa madzi oundana, zomwe zimakhudzanso mafunde a m'nyanja, nyengo, ndi kuchuluka kwa nyanja. Ndipo, chifukwa chakuti mphamvu ya m’nyanja yotengera mpweya wa carbon yapyoledwa, tikuwonanso mmene zinthu za m’nyanja zikusintha chifukwa cha mpweya umene timatulutsa.

Kusintha kwa kutentha, mafunde ndi kukwera kwa madzi a m'nyanja, pamapeto pake zidzakhudza thanzi la zamoyo zonse za m'madzi, komanso zachilengedwe zapafupi ndi nyanja zakuya. Mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo zamtunduwu yasintha kuti izikula bwino m'malo osiyanasiyana a kutentha, chemistry, ndi kuya. Ndithudi, m’kanthaŵi kochepa, ndi zamoyo zimene sizikhoza kusamuka ndi kusamukira ku malo ozizira kwambiri a m’mbali mwa madzi kapena kumalo ozizira kwambiri amene amakhudzidwa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, tataya kale pafupifupi theka la matanthwe onse chifukwa cha madzi otentha amene anapha nyama zomangira matanthwewo kusiya zigoba zoyera, zomwe zimatchedwa kuti coral bleaching, zomwe zinali zisanachitikepo mpaka 1998. , mofanana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timapanga zakudya, timakhala pachiopsezo chachikulu cha kusintha kwa mmene zimapangidwira m'nyanja.

Nyanja ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la nyengo yapadziko lonse lapansi ndipo nyanja yathanzi ndiyofunikira kuti pakhale moyo wamunthu komanso zamoyo zosiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi. Poyamba, imapanga mpweya ndipo zambiri zomwe zikusintha zidzakhudza kayendedwe ka nyanja. Madzi a m’nyanja, nyama za m’nyanja, ndi malo okhala m’nyanja zonse zimathandiza nyanja kutenga mbali yaikulu ya mpweya woipa umene umachokera ku zochita za anthu. Kuti munthu apulumuke pakapita nthawi, timafunikira machitidwewa kuti akhale athanzi komanso azigwira ntchito bwino. Timafunikira nyanja yowongolera kutentha kwa dziko lapansi, kupanga mpweya kudzera pa photosynthesis ya phytoplankton, chakudya ndi zina.

Padzakhala zotsatira

Pali zachuma Zowopsa zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatira zazifupi komanso zazitali:

• Kukwera kwa nyanja kwayamba kale ndipo kukupitilizabe kuchepetsa mitengo ya katundu, kuwononga zomangamanga, ndikuwonjezera kuwopsa kwa omwe amagulitsa ndalama
• Kuwonongeka kwa kutentha ndi mankhwala m'madzi kukusinthanso usodzi wapadziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zikukhudza kuchuluka kwa malonda ndi nsomba zina komanso kusintha kwa usodzi kupita kumadera atsopano.
• Kutumiza, kupanga mphamvu, zokopa alendo, ndi usodzi zikusokonekera kwambiri chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa nyengo, kuchuluka kwa mvula yamkuntho ndi kuchuluka kwake, komanso momwe zinthu ziliri.

Choncho, tikukhulupirira kuti kusintha kwa nyengo kudzasintha chuma.

• Kusintha kwanyengo kumasokoneza misika yazachuma komanso chuma
• Mtengo wochitapo kanthu kuti uchepetse kusokoneza kwanyengo kwa anthu ndi wocheperako poyerekeza ndi zovulaza
• Ndipo, chifukwa kusintha kwanyengo ndikusintha kwachuma ndi misika, makampani omwe akupanga njira zochepetsera nyengo kapena kusintha kwanyengo adzapambana misika yayikulu pakapita nthawi.

Ndiye tiyenera kuchita chiyani poyankha?

Tiyenera kuganizira zopanga ntchito zomwe zimapindulitsa nyanja, ndi kuchepetsa ntchito zomwe zimawononga nyanja (ndi madera a anthu kumene ntchitozo zimachitika) chifukwa ndi mthandizi wathu wamkulu polimbana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Ndipo, chifukwa kuchepetsa kuvulaza kumawonjezera kupirira.

Cholinga chachikulu chochepetsera mpweya wotenthetsera mpweya (GHG) sichiyenera kungokwaniritsidwa, koma kukwaniritsidwa posintha kupita ku malo ena ambiri. chilungamo ndi chilengedwe basi akonzekere kuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe pokwaniritsa zosowa zapadziko lonse za chakudya, mayendedwe, ndi mphamvu. Pamene magulu akupita patsogolo kuti athetse kusintha kwa nyengo, ndikofunikira kutero mwachilungamo, pothandiza anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo komanso kuteteza nyama zakuthengo ndi zachilengedwe.

Kubwezeretsa thanzi la m'nyanja ndi kuchuluka kumatanthauza kubweza kwachuma komanso kuchepetsa kusintha kwanyengo.

Tiyenera kuyesetsa kuti:

• Wonjezerani ntchito zabwino zachuma monga mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimachokera kunyanja, zomwe zimapanga ntchito komanso zimapereka mphamvu zoyeretsa.
• Chepetsani kutulutsa mpweya wochokera kumayendedwe apanyanja komanso kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano kuti ntchito yotumiza igwire bwino ntchito.
• Kuteteza ndi kubwezeretsa zachilengedwe za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi zam'madzi kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka komanso kupititsa patsogolo kusungirako mpweya.
• Ndondomeko zotsogola zomwe zimalimbikitsa ntchito zachilengedwe zakunyanja ndi nyanja zam'mphepete mwa nyanja monga masinki achilengedwe a carbon, mwachitsanzo, kaboni wabuluu.
• Bwezeretsani ndikusunga malo ofunikira am'mphepete mwa nyanja omwe amasewerera ndikusunga kaboni, kuphatikiza udzu wa m'nyanja, nkhalango za mangrove, ndi madambo amchere.

Zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nyanja imatha

1. Sewerani gawo lalikulu pakuchepetsa kutulutsa kwa CO2 ndikutseka kusiyana kwa mpweya wotuluka mu 2 digiri pafupifupi 25% (Hoegh-Guldberg, O, et al, 2019), ndikuchepetsa kusintha kwanyengo m'madera onse.
2. Perekani mwayi wamatekinoloje atsopano osangalatsa, magawo ang'onoang'ono azachuma, komanso kukhazikika kwachuma pakusintha.

Momwe tikusewera gawo lathu:

Ocean Foundation ndi:

• KUBWEREZA NDI KUTENGA malo ofunikira okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja kudzera mu Blue Resilience Initiative yathu yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri zachitetezo cha anthu komanso kupirira kwanyengo kudzera muzomangamanga zachilengedwe.
• Kuthandizira kafukufuku wasayansi pazachilengedwe, zachuma, komanso phindu lazachilengedwe lazachilengedwe (mwachitsanzo udzu wa m'nyanja, mitengo ya mangrove, ndi madambo amchere) kuti apange ndikukulitsa njira zopezera ndalama zoyendetsera msika komanso zothandiza anthu.
• Kukonzekera zokambirana zophunzitsira ndi zochitika zina zophunzirira zokhudzana ndi kubwezeretsa ndi kusunga zinthu za carbon carbon.
• Kuthandizira kafukufuku wasayansi ndi mafakitale pazachilengedwe, zachuma, ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu pogwiritsa ntchito udzu wa m'nyanja ngati zinthu zopititsa patsogolo ulimi.
• Pangani njira zatsopano zamabizinesi opangira ndalama zozikidwa pa msika komanso zachifundo zochotsa mpweya wa m'nyanja zam'madzi kudzera pakumanga dothi ndi ulimi wokonzanso.
• Kupititsa patsogolo ndikukulitsa kuwunika kwasayansi zakusintha kwamadzi am'nyanja, ndikukankhira kusintha ndikuchepetsa kudzera mu International Ocean Acidification Initiative.
• Kuthandizira Zaka khumi za UN za Ocean Science for Sustainable Development kudzera pa nsanja yoyendetsedwa ndi The Ocean Foundation yomwe idzagwirizanitsa ntchito zothandizira ndalama zothandizira Zaka khumi kuphatikizapo "EquiSea: The Ocean Science Fund for All." EquiSea ikufuna kupititsa patsogolo chilungamo mu sayansi ya m'nyanja kudzera mu thumba la philanthropic lomwe limapereka chithandizo chandalama mwachindunji kumapulojekiti, kugwirizanitsa ntchito zopititsa patsogolo luso, ndikulimbikitsa mgwirizano ndi kuthandizira ndalama za sayansi yam'nyanja pakati pa ophunzira, boma, NGO, ndi ogwira ntchito m'mabungwe apadera.

Za The Ocean Foundation

Ocean Foundation (TOF) ndi bungwe lapadziko lonse lapansi lokhazikitsidwa ku Washington DC, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mu 2003 okha Community Foundation for the Ocean, cholinga chake ndikuthandizira, kulimbikitsa, ndikulimbikitsa mabungwe odzipereka kuti athetse chiwonongeko cha chilengedwe cha nyanja padziko lonse lapansi. TOF imachititsa ndikuthandizira mapulojekiti opitilira 50 ndipo ili ndi othandizira m'maiko opitilira 40 m'makontinenti 6, molunjika pakupanga mphamvu, kusunga malo okhala, kudziwa kuwerenga m'nyanja, ndi kuteteza zamoyo. Bungwe la TOF's Staff ndi Board lili ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chochuluka pachitetezo cha panyanja komanso kuthandiza anthu. Ilinso ndi gulu la alangizi apadziko lonse lapansi la asayansi, opanga mfundo, akatswiri amaphunziro, ndi akatswiri ena apamwamba.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri:

Jason Donofrio, Ofesi ya Ubale Wakunja

[imelo ndiotetezedwa]

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