Sayansi Yam'nyanja: Kukonzekera kwa Malo a M'nyanja Kukusintha Momwe Timachitira ndi Nyanja ndi Magombe

Olemba: Mark J. Spalding ndi Hooper Brooks
Dzina Lofalitsidwa: Kuchita Zokonzekera
Tsiku Lofalitsidwa: Lachinayi, December 1, 2011

Wokonzekera aliyense amadziwa izi: Madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku US ndi malo otanganidwa kwambiri, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi anthu ndi nyama. Kuti agwirizanitse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kupewa zovulaza - Purezidenti Obama mu Julayi 2010 adapereka lamulo lalikulu lomwe lidakhazikitsa mapulani am'mphepete mwa nyanja ngati chida chothandizira kuwongolera kayendetsedwe ka nyanja.

Pansi pa lamuloli, madera onse a madzi aku US atha kujambulidwa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ndi madera ati omwe akuyenera kusungidwa kuti asungidwe komanso komwe ntchito zatsopano monga mphamvu zamphepo ndi mafunde komanso ulimi wam'madzi otseguka zitha kuyikidwa moyenera.

Pamalamulo pa udindowu ndi lamulo la federal la Coastal Zone Management Act, kuyambira 1972. Zolinga za pulogalamuyo zimakhala zofanana: "kuteteza, kuteteza, chitukuko, ndipo ngati n'kotheka, kubwezeretsa kapena kupititsa patsogolo chuma cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja. .” Maiko makumi atatu ndi anayi akugwira ntchito pansi pa CZMA National Coastal Zone Management Programme. Malo osungiramo mathithi makumi awiri mphambu asanu ndi atatu akugwira ntchito ngati ma laboratories pansi pa National Estuarine Research Reserve System. Tsopano lamulo la pulezidenti likulimbikitsa kuyang'ana mwatsatanetsatane machitidwe a m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Chosowa chilipo. Oposa theka la anthu padziko lapansi amakhala pamtunda wa makilomita 40 kuchokera m’mphepete mwa nyanja. Chiwerengerochi chikhoza kukwera kufika pa 75 peresenti pofika 2025, malinga ndi zomwe ena akuganiza.
Makumi asanu ndi atatu pa zana aliwonse okopa alendo amachitikira m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, makamaka m'mphepete mwa madzi, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Ntchito yazachuma yomwe idapangidwa kudera lazachuma la US - kukulitsa ma 200 nautical miles kumtunda - ikuyimira mazana a mabiliyoni a madola.

Ntchito yokhazikikayi imabweretsa zovuta kwa anthu am'mphepete mwa nyanja. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kuwongolera bata m'dera lachuma chosakhazikika chapadziko lonse lapansi, ndi zochitika zachuma zosagwirizana nthawi zonse komanso momwe zimakhudzidwira ndi chuma ndi nyengo.
• Kuchepetsa ndi kuzolowera kusintha kwanyengo pazachilengedwe zam'mphepete mwa nyanja
• Kuchepetsa zotsatira za anthropogenic monga zamoyo zowononga, kuipitsa m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kuwononga malo okhala, ndi kusodza mopambanitsa.

Lonjezo ndi zipsinjo

Kukonzekera kwa malo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi chida chokonzekera chatsopano kuchokera ku kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. Zimaphatikizapo njira ndi zovuta zomwe zimafanana pakukonzekera zapadziko lapansi, koma zimakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe apadera. Mwachitsanzo, zingapangitse malire apakati pa nyanja yomwe inali yotseguka kale—lingaliro lotsimikizirika kukwiyitsa okwatirana ku lingaliro la nyanja yamtchire, yotseguka, yofikirika. 

Kupanga mafuta ndi gasi kunyanja, kutumiza, !shing, zokopa alendo, ndi zosangalatsa ndi ena mwa injini zomwe zimayendetsa chuma chathu. Nyanja zikuyang'anizana ndi kukakamizidwa kwachitukuko pamene mafakitale akupikisana kuti apeze malo omwe amafanana, ndipo zofuna zatsopano zimadza chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa za kunyanja ndi ulimi wam'madzi. Chifukwa kasamalidwe ka nyanja zam'madzi masiku ano agawika pakati pa mabungwe 23 osiyanasiyana, madera am'nyanja amakonda kuyang'aniridwa ndi kuwongolera gawo ndi gawo ndi gawo ndi nthawi, popanda kuganizira kwambiri zamalonda kapena zotsatira zochulukira pazochitika zina za anthu kapena chilengedwe chapanyanja.

Mapu ena apanyanja ndi kukonzekera kotsatira kwachitika m'madzi aku US kwazaka zambiri. Pansi pa CZMA, malo am'mphepete mwa nyanja aku US adajambulidwa, ngakhale mamapuwa sangakhale amakono. Madera otetezedwa ozungulira Cape Canaveral, malo opangira magetsi a nyukiliya, kapena madera ena ovuta kwambiri abwera chifukwa chokonzekera chitukuko cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ma marina, ndi njira zotumizira. Misewu yosamuka ndi madera odyetserako nyama za m’mphepete mwa nyanja ya kumpoto kwa nyanja ya Atlantic omwe ali pangozi kwambiri akujambulidwa, chifukwa kugunda kwa sitima zapamadzi—chochititsa chachikulu cha imfa ya nangumi wa m’madzi—kungachepe kwambiri pamene mayendedwe a sitima zapamadzi akonzedwa kuti asawapewe.

Ntchito ngati imeneyi ikuchitikanso m’madoko a kum’mwera kwa California, kumene kumenyedwa kwa zombo kwakhudza mitundu ingapo ya anamgumi. Pansi pa lamulo la boma la Marine Life Protection Act la 1999, akuluakulu aboma, omwe si mabungwe ochita ntchito zosangalalira ndi asodzi ochita malonda, komanso atsogoleri ammudzi akhala akuvutika kuti adziwe kuti ndi madera ati a gombe la California omwe ali otetezedwa bwino komanso omwe angagwiritsire ntchito madera ena.

Lamulo la purezidenti limakhazikitsa njira yolimbikitsira CMSP. Polemba m’magazini ya Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems mu 2010, G. Carleton Ray wa pa yunivesite ya Virginia anafotokoza zolinga za akuluakulu a bomawo kuti: “Kukonzekera kwa malo a m’mphepete mwa nyanja ndi m’nyanja kumapereka ndondomeko yoti anthu aziona bwino mmene nyanja ndi nyanja zimakhalira. magombe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza ndi kutetezedwa tsopano ndi mibadwo yamtsogolo. " Njirayi ikufuna, adatero, "kukulitsa mosamala zomwe timapeza m'nyanja ndikuchepetsa kuwopseza thanzi lake. Phindu lalikulu, lomwe likuyembekezeredwa ndi kuwongolera kwamphamvu kwa maulamuliro osiyanasiyana kuti athe kugwirizanitsa zolinga zawo mopanda malire pokonzekera bwino. "

Zomwe zili mu dongosolo lautsogoleri ndi nyanja ya dziko komanso malo azachuma okha, Great Lakes, ndi shelefu ya kontinenti, kupitilira kumtunda mpaka kumtsinje wamadzi okwera komanso magombe amkati ndi magombe.

Chofunika ndi chiyani?

Ndondomeko ya kakonzedwe ka malo apanyanja si yofanana ndi ya charrette ya anthu ammudzi momwe onse okhudzidwa amasonkhana pamodzi kuti akambirane momwe madera akugwiritsidwira ntchito panopa komanso momwe ntchito zowonjezera, kapena chitukuko zingagwiritsire ntchito. Nthawi zambiri charrette imayamba ndi dongosolo linalake, monga momwe anthu ammudzi angathanirane ndi zovuta zoperekera chithandizo chachuma, chilengedwe, ndi anthu.
Vuto la m'nyanja ndikuwonetsetsa kuti charrette ikuyimira mitundu yomwe ntchito zachuma zimadalira (mwachitsanzo, usodzi ndi kuwonera anamgumi); omwe kuthekera kwawo kuwonekera patebulo mwachiwonekere kuli kochepa; ndi amene zosankha zake, pamene zosankha zolakwika zapangidwa, zimakhala zochepa kwambiri. Kupitilira apo, kusintha kwa kutentha ndi ma chemistry, komanso kuwonongeka kwa malo, kungayambitse kusintha kwa malo a !sh ndi nyama zina zam'madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzindikira madera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera. 

Kukonzekera kwapanyanja kungakhale kokwera mtengo kwambiri, nakonso. Dongosolo lokwanira la dera lomwe laperekedwa liyenera kuganizira zinthu zambiri. Zimaphatikizapo kupanga zida zowunikira nyanja yamitundu yambiri yomwe imayesa kumtunda, malo otsetsereka, malo oyandikana nawo, pansi pa nyanja, ndi madera omwe ali pansi pa nyanja, komanso madera aliwonse omwe akudutsana m'dera linalake. Usodzi, migodi, kupanga mafuta ndi gasi, madera omwe amabwereketsa mafuta ndi gasi koma osagwiritsidwa ntchito, makina opangira mphepo, minda ya nkhono, zombo, zosangalatsa, kuyang'ana anamgumi, ndi ntchito zina za anthu ziyenera kujambulidwa. Momwemonso njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popita kumalo ogwiritsira ntchito.

Kupanga mapu omveka bwino kungaphatikizepo mitundu ya zomera ndi malo okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi m'madzi apafupi ndi nyanja, monga mitengo ya mangrove, madambo a m'nyanja, milu ya milu, ndi madambo. Chingasonyeze fanizo la nyanja “yochokera kumzera wa mafunde okwera kwambiri kudutsa shelefu ya kontinenti, yotchedwa midzi ya benthic, kumene mitundu yambiri ya !sh ndi nyama zina imathera mbali kapena moyo wawo wonse. Itha kusonkhanitsa zidziwitso zapamalo ndi kwakanthawi za !sh, nyama zoyamwitsa, ndi mbalame komanso momwe zimasamuka komanso madera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuswana ndi kudyetsa. Kuzindikira malo osungira anazale omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ana a !sh ndi nyama zina ndikofunikiranso. Kanthawi kochepa ndi kofunikira kwambiri pa kuyang'anira nyanja zam'madzi, ndipo nthawi zambiri samanyalanyazidwa pamapu a CMSP.

"CMSP ikufuna kukhala, kapena mwachiyembekezo, kukhala, ntchito zoyendetsedwa ndi sayansi ndi Sayansi zimachitika miyezi isanu ndi itatu pachaka ku Aquarius Reef Base, malo okhawo ofufuza pansi pa nyanja padziko lonse lapansi, osinthika potengera umboni watsopano, ukadaulo, komanso kumvetsetsa," Ray adalemba. . Cholinga chimodzi ndikuthandizira kuzindikira malo omwe ntchito zatsopano, monga zopangira magetsi kapena malo osungira, zitha kukhazikitsidwa. Cholinga china ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito omwe alipo azindikira ndikumvetsetsa momwe komanso komwe ntchito zawo zimachitikira m'malo omwe ali ndi mapu.

Ngati n’kotheka, njira zimene mbalame, nyama zoyamwitsa, akamba a m’nyanja, ndi !sh zimasamuka, zikanaphatikizidwanso kuti makonde awo ogwiritsira ntchito adziŵike bwino. Cholinga chake ndikugwiritsa ntchito zigawo izi zachidziwitso kuti apatse ogwira nawo ntchito ndi okonza mapulani chida chothandizira kuti agwirizane ndikupanga mapulani omwe amapindulira onse.

Chachitika ndi chiyani mpaka pano?

Kuti akhazikitse ntchito yokonzekera malo am'madzi padziko lonse lapansi, boma la feduro chaka chatha lidakhazikitsa bungwe la National Ocean Council lomwe komiti yake yoyang'anira maulamuliro, mogwirizana ndi mamembala 18 ochokera m'maboma, maboma ndi mabungwe ang'onoang'ono, akuyenera kukhala ngati bungwe loyang'anira. nkhani za inter jurisdictional ocean policy. Mapulani okhudza malo apanyanja akuyenera kupangidwa m'zigawo zisanu ndi zinayi kuyambira chaka cha 2015. Misonkhano yomvetsera inachitika m'dziko lonse kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino kuti apeze malingaliro pa ndondomeko ya CMSP. Khama limenelo ndi chiyambi chabwino, koma magulu osiyanasiyana olimbikitsa anthu akupempha zambiri. M'kalata yopita ku Congress kumapeto kwa Seputembala, Ocean Conservancy-yopanda phindu yochokera ku Washington idanenanso kuti mayiko ambiri anali kusonkhanitsa kale deta ndikupanga mamapu ogwiritsira ntchito nyanja ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. “Koma,” kalatayo inatero, “maiko sangathe !x dongosolo la kayendetsedwe ka nyanja za dziko lathu pa lokha. Poganizira udindo wa boma la federal m'madzi a m'nyanja ya federal, boma liyenera kulimbikitsa zoyesayesa zomwe zilipo kale kuti zithandize kutsogolera chitukuko cha nyanja m'njira zomveka. " Nkhani yoyeserera yomwe ikuchitika ku Massachusetts idaperekedwa ndi Amy Mathews Amos, mlangizi wodziyimira pawokha wa zachilengedwe, patangopita nthawi yochepa lamulo la Purezidenti litaperekedwa chaka chatha. “Kwa zaka zambiri anthu akhala akugwiritsa ntchito madera pofuna kuchepetsa mikangano yokhudzana ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka malo komanso kuteteza katundu. Mu 2008, Massachusetts idakhala dziko loyamba kugwiritsa ntchito lingaliro ili panyanja," Amosi adalemba mu "Obama Enacts Ocean Zoning," yolembedwa mu 2010 pa. www.blueridgepress.com, mndandanda wamagulu ophatikizidwa pa intaneti. “Potsatira lamulo loti boma likhazikitse lamulo loti “malo a m’nyanja,” tsopano lili ndi ndondomeko yodziwira kuti ndi madera ati a m’mphepete mwa nyanja omwe ali oyenerera kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso kudziwitsa anthu za mikangano yomwe ingachitike pasadakhale.” 

Zambiri zakwaniritsidwa m'zaka zitatu kuyambira pomwe lamulo la Massachusetts Ocean Act lidafuna kuti boma likhazikitse dongosolo la kayendetsedwe ka nyanja zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuphatikizidwa mu dongosolo la National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration loyang'anira madera am'mphepete mwa nyanja ndikugwiritsiridwa ntchito kudzera muzowongolera ndi zololeza boma. . Zoyamba zikuphatikiza kudziwa komwe kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa nyanja kudzaloledwa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito nyanja zomwe zimagwirizana.

Pofuna kuwongolera ntchitoyi, boma lidapanga bungwe la Ocean Advisory Commission ndi Science Advisory Council. Zokambirana zapagulu zinakonzedwa m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi kumtunda. Magulu asanu ndi limodzi ogwira ntchito a bungwe adapangidwa kuti apeze ndi kusanthula deta yokhudzana ndi malo okhala; !miyala; mayendedwe, kuyenda, ndi zomangamanga; matope; zosangalatsa ndi ntchito za chikhalidwe; ndi mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa. Dongosolo latsopano la data la pa intaneti lotchedwa MORIS (Massachusetts Ocean Resource Information System) linapangidwa kuti lifufuze ndikuwonetsa deta yokhudzana ndi madera akugombe a Massachusetts.

Ogwiritsa ntchito a MORIS atha kuwona magawo osiyanasiyana a data (malo oyezera mafunde, malo otetezedwa am'madzi, malo olowera, mabedi a eelgrass) pamwamba pazithunzi zamlengalenga, malire andale, zachilengedwe, ntchito za anthu, zosambira, kapena zina, kuphatikiza mamapu a Google. Cholinga ndi kulola akatswiri oyendetsa gombe ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ena kupanga mapu ndikutsitsa deta yeniyeni kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pazidziwitso za malo ndi zolinga zogwirizana nazo.

Ngakhale dongosolo loyamba loyang'anira ku Massachusetts linaperekedwa mu 2010, zambiri zosonkhanitsa deta ndi mapu zinali zosakwanira. Kuyesayesa kuli mkati mopanga zambiri zamalonda za !sheries, ndi! Kuchepa kwa ndalama kwayimitsa madera ena osonkhanitsira deta, kuphatikiza zithunzi za malo, kuyambira Disembala 2010, malinga ndi Massachusetts Ocean Partnership.

MOP ndi gulu la anthu wamba lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mu 2006 ndipo limathandizidwa ndi thandizo la maziko, makontrakitala aboma, ndi chindapusa. Imagwira ntchito pansi pa bungwe lolamulira, lomwe lili ndi gulu la antchito oyambira theka la khumi ndi awiri ndi magulu angapo ogwira ntchito zaukadaulo. Ili ndi zolinga zazikulu, kuphatikiza kasamalidwe kanyanja kotengera sayansi kumpoto chakum'mawa ndi dziko lonse lapansi. Zochita zazikulu za mgwirizanowu ndi izi: Kupanga ndi kasamalidwe ka pulogalamu ya CMSP; kukambirana ndi okhudzidwa; kuphatikiza deta, kusanthula ndi kupeza; kusanthula malonda ndi kuthandizira zisankho; kupanga zida ndi kugwiritsa ntchito; ndi chitukuko cha zizindikiro za chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha CMSP.

Massachusetts ikuyembekezeka kutulutsa dongosolo lake lomaliza loyang'anira nyanja kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2015, ndipo MOP ikuyembekeza kuti Dongosolo Lachigawo la New England lidzamalizidwa ndi 2016.

Rhode Island ikupitanso patsogolo ndi mapulani apanyanja. Yakhazikitsa njira yojambula momwe anthu amagwiritsidwira ntchito ndi zachilengedwe ndipo yagwira ntchito kuti izindikire ntchito zomwe zimagwirizana pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya mphepo.

Kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi boma omwe adamaliza zaka zingapo zapitazo adatsimikiza kuti minda yamphepo yam'mphepete mwa nyanja imatha kupereka 15 peresenti kapena kupitilirapo kwa magetsi aku Rhode Island; lipotilo lidazindikiranso madera 10 omwe anali oyenerera malo opangira mphepo. Mu 2007, bwanamkubwa wa nthawiyo a Donald Carcieri adapempha gulu losiyanasiyana kuti litenge nawo mbali pazokambirana zokhudzana ndi malo 10 omwe angakhalepo. Misonkhano inayi idachitika kuti alandire malingaliro kuchokera kwa omwe adapezekapo, omwe adayimira maboma ang'onoang'ono, mabungwe oteteza zachilengedwe, mabungwe otukula chuma m'deralo, ndi zokonda zasodzi zamalonda komanso mabungwe aboma, US Coast Guard, mayunivesite amderali, ndi ena.

Cholinga chachikulu chinali kupeŵa mikangano yomwe ingakhalepo. Mwachitsanzo, chisamaliro chinaperekedwa ku mayendedwe ndi madera ochitirako opikisana nawo Mpikisano wa America's Cup ndi zokonda zina zapanyanja, pakati pa ntchito zambiri zojambulidwa. Zinali zovuta kupeza zambiri zamayendedwe apamadzi apamadzi a US Navy kuchokera kufupi ndi malo oyandikana nawo, koma pamapeto pake, njirazo zidawonjezeredwa pakusakaniza. Mwa madera 10 omwe adadziwika ndondomeko ya okhudzidwa isanayambe, angapo adathetsedwa chifukwa cha mikangano yomwe ingakhalepo ndi ntchito zomwe zilipo kale, makamaka usodzi. Komabe, mamapu oyambilira sanawonetse otenga nawo gawo kusamuka kwa nyama kapena kuphatikizira pamwamba pakanthawi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nyengo.

Magulu osiyanasiyana anali ndi nkhawa zosiyanasiyana za malo omwe angatheke. Lobstermen akuda nkhawa ndi zotsatira za kumanga ndi kukonza nyumba pa malo onse 10. Dera lina linapezedwa kuti linali losagwirizana ndi malo oyendetsa sitima zapamadzi. Akuluakulu a zokopa alendo adanenanso kuti akhudzidwa ndi zovuta zomwe zingawononge ntchito zokopa alendo kuchokera ku chitukuko cha mphepo yam'mphepete mwa nyanja, makamaka pafupi ndi magombe akumwera, omwe ndi chuma chambiri m'boma. Malingaliro ochokera ku magombe amenewo komanso ochokera kumadera achilimwe pa Block Island anali ena mwa zifukwa zomwe zatchulidwa zosunthira mafamu amphepo kwina.

Ena anali ndi nkhawa ndi "Coney Island effect" ya zofunikira za Coast Guard zowunikira ma turbines monga chenjezo kwa ndege ndi oyendetsa ngalawa komanso zovuta zomwe zingakhalepo pamtunda wa foghorn zofunika.

Ena mwa mikanganoyi ndi yomwe inathetsedwa asanayambe ntchito yake yojambula mapu a pansi pa nyanja mu Seputembara 2011, ndi mapulani oti afotokozere za malo afamu yamphepo ya megawati 30 mchaka cha 2012 ndipo kenako famu yamphepo ya megawati 1,000. m'madzi a Rhode Island. Mabungwe aboma ndi aboma aziwunikanso malingaliro amenewo. Ziyenera kuwonedwa kuti ndi ntchito ziti zomwe anthu kapena nyama zizikhala patsogolo, chifukwa mafamu amphepo ali ndi malire pakukwera mabwato ndi kusodza.

Mayiko ena akuyesetsanso kukonzekera malo apanyanja: Oregon ikuyang'ana kwambiri madera otetezedwa am'madzi ndi mafunde amphamvu a m'nyanja; California yatsala pang'ono kukhazikitsa Marine Life Protection Act; ndipo lamulo latsopano la Washington State likufuna kuti madzi a m'boma achite ndondomeko yokonzekera malo apanyanja, ndalama zikapezeka zothandizira. New York ikumaliza kukhazikitsa lamulo lake la 2006 Ocean and Great Lakes Ecosystem Conservation Act, lomwe lidasintha kayendetsedwe ka mtunda wamakilomita 1,800 am'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi Nyanja Yaikulu m'mphepete mwa nyanja, m'malo motsindika za mtundu kapena vuto linalake.

Udindo wa Planner
Malo ndi nyanja ndi machitidwe ophatikizika; sangathe kuyendetsedwa paokha. M'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi kumene anthu oposa theka amakhala. Ndipo madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi omwe amabala zipatso kwambiri padziko lathu lapansi. Magombe a m'mphepete mwa nyanja akakhala athanzi, amapereka mabiliyoni a madola kuti apindule mwachindunji, kuphatikizapo ntchito, mwayi wosangalala, malo okhala nyama zakutchire, ndi chikhalidwe chawo. Angathandizenso kuteteza masoka achilengedwe, omwe amakhalanso ndi zotsatira zenizeni zachuma.

Choncho, ndondomeko ya CMSP ikuyenera kukhala yolinganizidwa bwino, yodziwitsidwa bwino, ndikuganiziranso ubwino wa chilengedwe, chikhalidwe cha anthu, ndi chuma. Okonza mapulani a m'mphepete mwa nyanja akuyenera kuphatikizidwa pazokambirana za CMSP kuti awonetsetse kuti anthu apeza mwayi wopezeka m'nyanja zam'nyanja ndi zinthu zina, komanso kuteteza zachilengedwe zam'madzi zomwe zimathandizira kuti chuma cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja chisathe.

Ukadaulo wa kagwiridwe ka ntchito, ukatswiri, ndi sayansi wa anthu omwe akukonza mapulani ayenera kuphatikizidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apindule kwambiri ndi zisankho za CMSP. Kutengapo gawo kotereku kuyenera kuyambika msanga, pamene boma ndi mabungwe okhudzidwa akupangidwa. Ukatswiri wa anthu omwe akukonza mapulani angathandizenso kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zomwe zimafunika kuti amalize CMSP yokwanira munthawi zovuta zachuma. Komanso, okonza mapulani angathandize kuwonetsetsa kuti mamapuwo akusinthidwa pakapita nthawi.

Pomaliza, titha kuyembekezeranso kuti kuchitapo kanthu kotereku kumathandizira kukulitsa kumvetsetsa, kuthandizira, komanso kukulitsa dera lathu poteteza nyanja zomwe zili pachiwopsezo.

Mark Spalding ndi purezidenti wa The Ocean Foundation, wokhala ku Washington, DC Hooper Brooks ndi director of the New York and London-based director of international programmes of the Prince's Foundation for the Built Environment.