Kumasulira mwachangu muukadaulo

Wolemba Mark J. Spalding, Purezidenti, The Ocean Foundation

Pa 25 September 2014 ndinapita ku Wendy Schmidt Ocean Health X-Prize ku Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) ku Monterey, California.
Mphotho yaposachedwa ya Wendy Schmidt Ocean Health X ndi mpikisano wapadziko lonse wa $ 2 miliyoni womwe umatsutsa magulu kuti apange tekinoloje ya pH sensor yomwe ingakwanitse, molondola komanso moyenera momwe zimakhalira zam'nyanja - osati chifukwa chakuti nyanjayi ili ndi acidic pafupifupi 30 peresenti kuposa poyambira. kusintha kwa mafakitale, koma chifukwa tikudziwanso kuti acidity ya m'nyanja imatha kuyenda m'madera osiyanasiyana a nyanja nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Zosinthazi zikutanthawuza kuti tifunika kuyang'anitsitsa kwambiri, deta yambiri kuti tithandize madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mayiko a zilumba kuyankha zotsatira za acidification ya nyanja pachitetezo chawo cha chakudya ndi kukhazikika kwachuma. Pali mphoto ziwiri: mphoto ya $ 1,000,000 Yolondola - kupanga pH yolondola kwambiri, yokhazikika komanso yolondola; ndi $ 1,000,000 Affordability award - kupanga zotsika mtengo, zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, zolondola, zokhazikika, komanso zowona pH sensor.

Okwana 18 omwe adalowa nawo ku Wendy Schmidt Ocean Health X-Prize akuchokera kumayiko asanu ndi limodzi ndi mayiko 11 aku US; ndipo amaimira masukulu apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi a zanyanja. Kuphatikiza apo, gulu la achinyamata ochokera ku Seaside, California adadula (magulu 77 adalowa, 18 okha adasankhidwa kuti apikisane). Mapulojekiti a maguluwa adayesedwa kale ku Oceanology International ku London, ndipo tsopano ali mu tanki yoyendetsedwa pafupifupi miyezi itatu yoyesedwa kuti awerenge ku MBARI ku Monterey.

Kenako, adzasamutsidwira ku Puget Sound ku Pacific Northwest kwa pafupifupi miyezi inayi yakuyesa dziko lenileni. Pambuyo pake, padzakhala kuyesa kwakuya kwa nyanja (kwa zida zomwe zimapanga mapeto). Mayeso omalizawa azikhala otengera sitima kuchokera ku Hawaii ndipo azichitidwa mozama mpaka 3000 metres (kapena kuchepera ma 1.9 miles). Cholinga cha mpikisano ndikupeza zida zomwe zili zolondola kwambiri, komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso zotsika mtengo kuyika makina. Ndipo, inde, ndizotheka kupambana mphoto zonse ziwiri.

Kuyesa mu labu, thanki ya MBARI, Pacific Northwest, ndi ku Hawaii ndi cholinga chotsimikizira ukadaulo womwe magulu 18 akupanga. Olowa / omwe akupikisana nawo akuthandizidwanso pakukulitsa luso la momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mabizinesi komanso kulumikizana ndi mphotho yaposachedwa kumakampani. Izi pamapeto pake zidzaphatikiza kulumikizana kwachindunji kwa omwe angakhale osunga ndalama kuti atengere zinthu zopambana za sensa kuti zigulitse.

Pali makasitomala angapo amakampani aukadaulo ndi ena omwe ali ndi chidwi ndiukadaulo kuphatikiza Teledyne, mabungwe ofufuza, United States Geological Survey, komanso makampani owunikira mafuta ndi gasi (kuti ayang'ane kutayikira). Mwachiwonekere, zidzakhalanso zofunikira pamakampani a nkhono komanso nsomba zogwidwa kuthengo chifukwa pH ndiyofunikira pa thanzi lawo.

Cholinga cha mphotho yonseyi ndikupeza masensa abwino komanso otsika mtengo kuti athe kukulitsa malo owunikira ndikuphatikizanso madera akuya kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mwachiwonekere ndi ntchito yaikulu muzoyendetsa kuyesa zida zonsezi ndipo zidzakhala zosangalatsa kuwona zotsatira zake. Ife ku The Ocean Foundation tikukhulupirira kuti zolimbikitsa zaukadaulo zaukadaulozi zilola Anzathu a Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network kuti apeze masensa otsika mtengo komanso olondola kuti awonjezere kufalikira kwa netiweki yapadziko lonse lapansi ndikupanga maziko a chidziwitso chopanga mayankho anthawi yake ndi kuchepetsa. njira.

Asayansi angapo (kuchokera ku MBARI, UC Santa Cruz, Stanford's Hopkins Marine Station, ndi Monterey Bay Aquarium) pamwambowu adawona kuti acidity yam'nyanja ili ngati meteor yomwe ikupita kudziko lapansi. Sitingathe kuchedwetsa kuchitapo kanthu mpaka maphunziro a nthawi yayitali atamalizidwa ndi kutumizidwa ku magazini owunikiridwa ndi anzawo kuti afalitsidwe. Tiyenera kufulumizitsa liwiro la kafukufuku tikuyang'anizana ndi nsonga ya m'nyanja yathu. Wendy Schmidt, Julie Packard wa Monterey Bay Aquarium ndi Woimira US Sam Farr adatsimikizira mfundo yovutayi. Mphoto ya X iyi yapanyanja ikuyembekezeka kutulutsa mayankho mwachangu.

Mphotho iyi ndi yolimbikitsa ukadaulo. Tikufuna kuchitapo kanthu komwe kumathandizira kuthana ndi vuto lachangu la acidity ya m'nyanja, ndi mitundu yake yonse komanso mwayi wopeza mayankho am'deralo-ngati tikudziwa kuti zikuchitika. Mphoto mwanjira ina ndi njira yopezera mayankho a anthu ambiri poyesa kuyeza komwe ndi kuchuluka kwamadzi am'nyanja akusintha. "Mwanjira ina, tikufuna kubweza ndalama," atero a Wendy Schmidt. Tikukhulupirira kuti mphothoyi ikhala ndi opambana pofika Julayi 2015.

Ndipo, posachedwa pakhala mphotho zina zitatu zaumoyo wam'nyanja X zikubwera. Monga tinali m'gulu la "Ocean Big Think" zokambirana zokambirana pa X-Prize Foundation June watha ku Los Angeles, zidzakhala zosangalatsa kuona zomwe gulu la X-Prize Foundation lisankha kulimbikitsa lotsatira.