Kodi Drones Amachita Chiyani Ndi Akamba Akunyanja?

Wolemba Carla García Zendejas

Pa Seputembala 15 pomwe aku Mexico ambiri adayamba kuchita chikondwerero cha Tsiku la Ufulu wathu ena adatengeka ndi chochitika china chachikulu; Nyengo ya shrimp inayamba pa Nyanja ya Pacific ku Mexico. Asodzi a ku Mazatlan ndi Tobolobampo ku Sinaloa ananyamuka kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino nyengo ya chaka chino. Monga mwa nthawi zonse, ntchito za usodzi ziziyang’aniridwa ndi akuluakulu a boma, koma ulendo uno akhala akugwiritsa ntchito ndege zoyendera ndege poyang’anira mchitidwe wa kusodza kosaloledwa.

Bungwe la Mexican Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries and Food (SAGARPA ndi chidule chake) limagwiritsa ntchito helikopita, ndege yaying'ono ndipo tsopano ikugwiritsa ntchito ndege yosayendetsedwa ndi drone kuti iwuluke pamwamba pa zombo za usodzi pofuna kupewa kugwidwa mwadzidzidzi. za akamba am'nyanja.

Kuyambira mchaka cha 1993 mabwato a ku Mexican shrimping akhala akuyenera kukhazikitsa Turtle Excluder Devices (TEDs) mu maukonde awo omwe adapangidwa kuti achepetse komanso kuthetsa kufa kwa kamba wam'nyanja. Ndi mabwato okhawo omwe ali ndi ma TED oyikidwa bwino omwe angalandire ziphaso zoyenera kuti ayambe kuyenda. Malamulo aku Mexico oteteza makamaka akamba am'nyanja pogwiritsa ntchito ma TEDs kuti apewe kugwidwa mwachisawawa kwa zamoyozi akhala akuwonjezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kuyang'ana pa satellite kwa zaka zingapo.

Ngakhale mazana a asodzi alandira maphunziro aukadaulo kuti akhazikitse bwino maukonde ndi zombo zawo, ena sanatsimikizidwe. Anthu amene amapha nsomba popanda ziphaso akusodza mosaloledwa ndi lamulo ndipo ndi chifukwa chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri.

Kutumiza kwa shrimp kumayimira bizinesi ya madola mamiliyoni ambiri ku Mexico. Chaka chatha matani 28,117 a shrimp adatumizidwa kunja ndi phindu lolembedwa la madola oposa 268 miliyoni. Makampani a shrimp ali 1st pazopeza zonse komanso 3 pakupanga pambuyo pa sardines ndi tuna.

Ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito ma drones kujambula ndi kuyang'anira mabwato a shrimp pamphepete mwa nyanja ya Sinaloa kumawoneka ngati njira yolimbikitsira, zikuwoneka kuti SAGARPA idzafuna ma drones ochulukirapo ndi ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa bwino kuti ayang'anire bwino Gulf of California komanso Mexico Pacific Coast.

Pamene boma likuyang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera kutsatiridwa kwa malamulo opha nsomba ku Mexico asodzi akukayikira chithandizo chonse chamakampani asodzi. Kwa zaka zambiri asodzi akhala akutsindika kuti mitengo ya nsomba za m'nyanja yakuya ku Mexico ikukwera pang'onopang'ono pakati pa kukwera kwa mitengo ya dizilo komanso ndalama zonse zoyendetsera sitimayo. Asodzi asonkhana pamodzi kuti apemphe pulezidenti pankhaniyi. Pamene mtengo wa ngalawa yoyamba ya nyengoyi uli pafupifupi $89,000 madola kufunika kopeza nsomba zambiri kumalemetsa kwambiri asodzi.

Nyengo yabwino, madzi ochuluka ndi mafuta okwanira ndizofunikira pa nsomba zamtchire zamtchire zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ulendo wokha womwe mabwato osodza angapange. Kupanga nsodzi kumayimira bizinesi yofunika kwambiri mdziko muno koma asodzi am'deralo amakumana ndi mavuto azachuma kuti apulumuke. Mfundo yoti amayeneranso kutsatira malangizo enaake kuti apewe kugwidwa akamba akunyanja omwe ali pangozi nthawi zina imagwera m'mbali mwa njira. Pokhala ndi mphamvu zochepa zowunikira komanso ogwira ntchito, ndondomeko zoyendetsera bwino za SAGARPA ndi luso lamakono zingakhale zosakwanira.

Chilimbikitso cha mtundu woterewu wowunikira ma drone aukadaulo mwina chidachitika pomwe US ​​idasiya kuitanitsa nsomba zakutchire kuchokera ku Mexico mu Marichi 2010 chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika zida zopatula kamba. Ngakhale kuti anali owerengeka ochepa a shrimp omwe amawatchula kuti akugwira akamba am'nyanja mosadziwa zidadzetsa vuto lalikulu pamakampani. Mosakayikira ambiri amakumbukira chiletso cha 1990 chomwe chinaperekedwa kwa nsomba ya ku Mexico chifukwa cha zonenedweratu za kupha ma dolphin ambiri chifukwa cha usodzi wa purse seine. Kuletsedwa kwa tuna kunatenga zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zomwe zikubweretsa zotsatira zowononga kumakampani asodzi aku Mexico komanso kutaya ntchito masauzande ambiri. Zaka makumi awiri ndi zitatu pambuyo pake mikangano yolimbana ndi zoletsa zamalonda, njira zopha nsomba ndi zilembo zotetezedwa za dolphin ikupitilirabe pakati pa Mexico ndi US. .

Ngakhale kuti chiletso cha 2010 cha shrimp zakutchire chidachotsedwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo pake ndi dipatimenti ya boma la US zidapangitsa kuti akuluakulu a boma la Mexico akhazikitse mfundo zokhwimitsa kwambiri akamba am'nyanja, palibe amene amafuna kuti mbiri ibwerezedwe. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti US National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) idasiya lamulo lofuna ma TEDs pamabwato onse a trawl shrimp ku Southeastern United States mu Novembala chaka chatha. Timavutikabe kuti tikwaniritse bwino lomwe pakati pa anthu, dziko lapansi ndi phindu. Komabe ndife ozindikira kwambiri, otanganidwa kwambiri komanso aluso kwambiri popeza mayankho kuposa momwe tinaliri.

Sitingathe kuthetsa mavuto pogwiritsa ntchito maganizo omwe tinkagwiritsa ntchito powalenga. A. Einstein

Carla García Zendejas ndi loya wodziwika bwino wa zachilengedwe wochokera ku Tijuana, Mexico. Chidziwitso chake ndi momwe amaonera zimachokera ku ntchito yake yochuluka kwa mabungwe apadziko lonse ndi amitundu pazinthu za chikhalidwe, zachuma ndi zachilengedwe. M'zaka khumi ndi zisanu zapitazi wachita bwino kwambiri pazochitika zokhudzana ndi mphamvu zamagetsi, kuwonongeka kwa madzi, chilungamo cha chilengedwe ndi chitukuko cha malamulo owonetsera poyera boma. Wapatsa mphamvu omenyera ufulu wokhala ndi chidziwitso chozama kuti athe kuthana ndi kuwononga chilengedwe komanso malo owopsa a gasi achilengedwe omwe amatha kukhala owopsa pa chilumba cha Baja California, US ndi Spain. Carla ali ndi Masters mu Law kuchokera ku Washington College of Law ku American University. Carla pano ali ku Washington, DC komwe akugwira ntchito ngati mlangizi ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse a zachilengedwe.