Muyenera Kuyenda Panjira Yamsewu

Ntchitoyi imathandizidwa ndi Shark Conservation Fund ndi National Geographic Society.

Smalltooth sawfish ndi imodzi mwa zolengedwa zovuta kwambiri padziko lapansi. Inde, ndi nsomba, chifukwa shaki zonse ndi cheza zimatengedwa nsomba. Si shaki koma cheza. Kokha, ili ndi chikhalidwe chapadera kwambiri chomwe chimachisiyanitsa ngakhale ndi kuwala. Lili ndi "saw" - kapena m'mawu asayansi, "rostrum" - yokutidwa ndi mano kumbali zonse ziwiri ndikuchokera kutsogolo kwa thupi lake.

Chowonadi ichi chapangitsa kuti chikhale chosiyana. Smalltooth sawfish imasambira m'mphepete mwa madzi pogwiritsa ntchito nkhonya zachiwawa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti igwedeze nyama. Kenako imazungulira kuti itenge nyama yake ndi pakamwa pake - yomwe, ngati kuwala, ili pansi pa thupi lake. M'malo mwake, pali mabanja atatu a shaki ndi cheza omwe amagwiritsa ntchito macheka ngati zida zakusaka. Chida chanzeru komanso chothandiza chopezera chakudya ichi chasintha katatu. 

Chipinda cha nsomba za macheka chakhalanso temberero.

Sichinthu chokhacho chomwe chimasangalatsidwa kwa zaka zikwi zambiri ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana monga minyanga ya njovu kapena zipsepse za shaki. Maukonde nawonso amawatchera msampha mosavuta. Ngakhale zachilendo monga macheka, si abwino ngati gwero la chakudya. Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyama ikhale yovuta kwambiri. Nsombayi siipezeka yambiri koma yosowa kwambiri ku Caribbean, Smalltooth sawfish ndiyovuta kuipeza. Ngakhale kuti pali mawanga a chiyembekezo (mbali za nyanja zomwe zimafunikira kutetezedwa chifukwa cha nyama zakuthengo komanso malo okhala pansi pamadzi) ku Florida Bay komanso posachedwa ku Bahamas, ndizovuta kwambiri kuzipeza ku Atlantic. 

Monga gawo la polojekiti yotchedwa Initiative to Save Caribbean Sawfish (ISCS), The Ocean Foundation, Shark Advocates Internationalndipo Havenworth Coastal Conservation akubweretsa zaka makumi a ntchito ku Caribbean kuti athandize kupeza zamoyozi. Cuba ndiyomwe ikufuna kuti ipeze imodzi, chifukwa cha kukula kwake komanso umboni wosatsutsika kuchokera kwa asodzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja yomwe ili pamtunda wa makilomita 600 kumpoto.

Asayansi a ku Cuba a Fabián Pina ndi Tamara Figueredo anachita kafukufuku mu 2011, kumene analankhula ndi asodzi oposa zana limodzi. Adapeza umboni wotsimikiza kuti nsomba za macheka zinali ku Cuba kuchokera ku data yogwira komanso zowonera. Mnzake wa ISCS, Dr. Dean Grubbs wa ku Florida State University, adalembapo nsomba zingapo zamasamba ku Florida ndi Bahamas ndipo amadzikayikira kuti Cuba ikhoza kukhala malo enanso chiyembekezo. Bahamas ndi Cuba amasiyanitsidwa ndi ngalande yakuya yamadzi - m'malo ena mtunda wa makilomita 50 okha. Akuluakulu okha ndi omwe apezeka m'madzi aku Cuba. Chifukwa chake, lingaliro lodziwika bwino ndiloti nsomba iliyonse yopezeka ku Cuba yasamuka kuchokera ku Florida kapena Bahamas. 

Kuyesa kuyika chizindikiro cha nsomba ya macheka ndikowombera mumdima.

Makamaka m'dziko lomwe palibe zomwe zalembedwa mwasayansi. Othandizira a TOF ndi aku Cuba amakhulupirira kuti zambiri zimafunikira tsamba lisanadziwike kuti ayese ulendo wotsatsa. Mu 2019, Fabián ndi Tamara anacheza ndi asodzi omwe amapita kummawa mpaka ku Baracoa, kanyumba kakang'ono kakum'mawa komwe Christopher Columbus anafikira koyamba ku Cuba mu 1494. Zokambiranazi sizinangovumbula magulu asanu omwe asodzi anasonkhanitsa m'zaka zapitazi, koma adathandizira kudziwa kumene kuika chizindikiro kungatheke. ayesedwe. Kiyi yakutali ya Cayo Confites kumpoto chapakati Cuba idasankhidwa kutengera zokambiranazi komanso malo akulu osatukuka a udzu wa m'nyanja, mitengo ya mangrove, ndi mchenga - zomwe zimakonda kwambiri nsomba zam'madzi. M'mawu a Dr. Grubbs, izi zimatengedwa ngati "malo osungiramo nsomba".

M’mwezi wa January, Fabián ndi Tamara anakhala masiku ambiri akuyala mizera italiitali kuchokera m’ngalawamo yosodza yamatabwa yamatabwa.

Atatha masiku asanu osagwira chilichonse, adabwerera ku Havana ali ndi mitu yawo. Pa ulendo wautali wopita kunyumba, analandira foni yochokera kwa msodzi wina ku Playa Girón kum’mwera kwa Cuba, amene anawalozera kwa msodzi wina ku Cardenas. Cardenas ndi mzinda wawung'ono waku Cuba ku Cardenas Bay. Mofanana ndi magombe ambiri ku gombe lakumpoto, amaonedwa ngati nsomba za macheka kwambiri.

Atafika ku Cardenas, msodziyo anawatengera kunyumba kwake ndi kuwasonyeza chinachake chimene chinasokoneza maganizo awo onse. M'dzanja lake msodziyo anali ndi kachitsulo kakang'ono, kakang'ono kwambiri kuposa kalikonse komwe adawona. M'mawonekedwe ake, anali atanyamula mwana. Msodzi wina adazipeza mu 2019 akukhuthula ukonde wake ku Cardenas Bay. Koma n’zomvetsa chisoni kuti nsombayo inali itafa. Koma izi zitha kupereka chiyembekezo choti Cuba ikhoza kukhala ndi nsomba za macheka. Mfundo yakuti zomwe anapezazo zinali zaposachedwapa zinali zolimbikitsanso chimodzimodzi. 

Kusanthula kwa chibadwa kwa minyewa ya mwana uyu, ndi ma rostra ena asanu, zithandizira kuphatikiza ngati nsomba za macheka za ku Cuba ndi alendo ongotengera mwayi kapena gawo la anthu okhala kwawo. Ngati chotsatiracho, pali chiyembekezo chokhazikitsa mfundo zausodzi pofuna kuteteza nyama zamtunduwu komanso kutsatira anthu opha nyama popanda chilolezo. Izi zikuyenera kufunikiranso chifukwa Cuba siyiwona nsomba za macheka ngati gwero la usodzi. 

Chithunzi Chakumanzere: Dr. Pina akupereka satifiketi yoyamikira kwa msodzi wa Cardenas Osmany Toral Gonzalez
Chithunzi Kumanja: Dr. Fabian Pina akuvumbulutsa chitsanzo cha Cardenas ku Center for Marine Research, University of Havana

Nkhani ya Cardenas sawfish ndi chitsanzo cha zomwe zimatipangitsa kukonda sayansi.

Ndi masewera odekha, koma zomwe zikuwoneka ngati zazing'ono zomwe zatulukira zimatha kusintha momwe timaganizira. Pankhaniyi, tikukondwerera imfa ya ray wamng'ono. Koma, ray iyi ikhoza kupereka chiyembekezo kwa anzawo. Sayansi ikhoza kukhala njira yochepa kwambiri. Komabe, zokambirana ndi asodzi zikuyankha mafunso. Fabián atandiimbira ndi nkhaniyo adandiuza kuti, "hay que caminar y coger carretera". Mu Chingerezi, izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kuyenda pang'onopang'ono mumsewu wothamanga. Mwa kuyankhula kwina kuleza mtima, chipiriro ndi chidwi chosalekeza zidzatsegula njira yopezera kupeza kwakukulu. 

Kupeza uku ndi koyambirira, ndipo pamapeto pake zitha kutanthauza kuti nsomba za macheka za ku Cuba ndizosamuka. Komabe, zimapereka chiyembekezo kuti nsomba za macheka za ku Cuba zitha kuyenda bwino kuposa momwe timakhulupirira.