Nekuda kweRudo rweGulf

NEKUDA KWEGULF: TRINATIONAL INITIATIVE INOITA MUSANGANO WECHInomwe

naMark J. Spalding, Mutungamiriri weThe Ocean Foundation

Gulf yeMexico inzvimbo inozivikanwa yeNorth America. Inoyera 930 mamaira (1500 km) mhiri uye inofukidza nzvimbo inosvika 617,000 square mamaira (kana inopfuura kaviri saizi yeTexas). Gulf yakaganhurwa neshanu United States kuchamhembe (Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas), nyika nhanhatu dzeMexico kumadokero (Quintana Roo, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatan), uye chitsuwa cheCuba. kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Imba yezvikara zvemugungwa zvakawanda, hove, shiri, invertebrates, uye marudzi ekugara. Nyika nhatu dzinogovana Gulf dzine zvikonzero zvakawanda zvekubatana kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti nhaka yedu yakafanana inhaka yeduwo.

Kumwe kwakakosha kubatana iTrinational Initiative yeThe Ocean Foundation yeCuba Marine Research uye Conservation chirongwa. Musangano wechinomwe wechirongwa ichi wakaitirwa kuNational Aquarium kuCuba pakati pemwedzi waMbudzi. Wakapindwa nevamiriri vehurumende, vedzidzo neveNGO vanodarika mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu kubva kuCuba, Mexico neUnited States — musangano wedu mukuru kusvika nhasi.  

 Dingindira remusangano wegore rino raiti “kuvaka mabhiriji kuburikidza netsvakurudzo dzemugungwa nekuchengetedza. Zviviri zvakanyanyonangana nemusangano uyu zvanga zviri zvikwata zvitanhatu zviri kushanda zveIitiative, uye chibvumirano chichangobva kuziviswa che“sisita mapaki” pakati peUS neCuba.

Trinational Initiative Plan yeAction Working Groups

Mumakore mashoma apfuura, nhengo dzeIyi Initiative dzakagadzira chirongwa chakafanana chetatu chekuita chine chekuita nekubatana uye kushandirapamwe tsvakurudzo pamusoro pemakorari reef, shark & ​​rays, turtles dzegungwa, mhuka dzemugungwa, hove, uye nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzegungwa. Mapoka matanhatu anoshanda (rimwe renzvimbo yega yega yekutsvagisa) akagadzirwa kuti aenderere mberi nehurongwa hwekuita. Boka rega rega rakasangana kuti rigovane zvakaitika kubva pamusangano wedu wekupedzisira uye kugadzira pfupiso, izvo zvaisanganisira kubudirira, chimiro, uye zvirongwa zveramangwana. Chirevo chese chaive chekuti kubatirana pamwe nekushandira pamwe kwaive kuri kuita nyore nekuda kwekudzoreredzwa kwemvumo nemvumo kubva kuzviremera. Nekudaro, kuchine kusakwanisa kukuru kugovera ruzivo nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezviwanikwa zvekombuta uye Internet muCuba, uye kushaikwa kwemagetsi kuwana kuCuba data yekutsvagisa uye zvinyorwa.

 Nemhaka yokuti musangano uyu wakasiyana mukuedza kubatanidza kuchengetedza kune zvidzidzo zvesainzi, mishumo yaisanganisira kwete chete nhaurirano yenzvimbo dzekupotera, asiwo, kudzivirira kwekutengeserana kana kutengesa mhuka dziri mungozi. Zvakanga zvakada kuitika pasi rose kuti paive nechido chekuvandudza zvinokosheswa nemikana yairatidzwa muhurongwa hwekuita muchidimbu nekuti zvakatangira kugadzikana kwehukama pakati peUS neCuba. Semuyenzaniso, mirau ichangobva kurerutswa inogona kutigonesa kugovera setiraiti uye imwe data kugadzira mepu dzakafanana dzeGulf yeMexico dzinoratidza ruzivo rwakasiyana rwenzvimbo yakagadziridzwa kuburikidza mune imwe neimwe yenyika nhatu idzi. Iyi mepu yakagovaniswa, yaizoratidzawo uye kuenzanisira hukuru hwekubatanidza mhiri kweGulf. Padivi, mirau ichangobva kurerutswa yakakurudzira imwe nyaya yekurukurirano: Paive nezvakawanda zvinonongedza kune zvingangoitika (munguva yemberi) apo chirango cheUS chinogona kusimudzwa, uye mhedzisiro inogona kuitika yekuwedzera kunoshamisa kwezviitiko zvekushanya, kusanganisira kudhivha uye kuredza kwekunakidzwa. , vanogona kunge vane pamhenderekedzo yegungwa negungwa.

Chiziviso chasisi vanopaka:
Chiziviso chemasisita emapaki eCuba-US chakaitwa pamusangano we "Our Ocean" wakaitirwa kuChile muna Gumiguru, 2015. Banco de San Antonio yekuCuba ichave yakabatanidzwa neFlower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary. Iyo Guanahacabibes National Park ichave iine hanzvadzi neFlorida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Vanhu vatatu vakashanda nesimba kuti izvi zviitike ndiMaritza Garcia we Centro National de Areas Protegidas (Cuba), Billy Causey weNOAA (USA), uye Dan Whittle weEnvironmental Defense Fund (EDF). 

Munhu ari wose akanga ari rutivi rweiyi nhamburiko yomumapaki ehanzvadzi akajekesa kuti wakanga uri muuyo womuzvarirwo weTrinational Initiative yedu. Hurukuro nenhanganyaya dzakatungamira kunhaurirano mbiri idzi dzine mabviro adzo mumisangano yekutanga yeTrinational Initiative. Nhaurirano dzakawedzera kurongeka zvichitevera iyo yaDecember 2014 normalization yehukama. Chibvumirano chepamutemo pakati penyika mbiri idzi chichasainwa pano pa10th Congress yeMarine Sciences (MarCuba) muna Mbudzi 18, 2015.

Sezvatakaona muzviitiko zvakapfuura zvedetente pakati penyika dzakarasika, zviri nyore kutanga nenzvimbo idzo nyika mbiri idzi dzakafanana. Saka, sekutanga kwakaita Mutungamiri Nixon nekubatana kwemvura nemhepo neSoviet Union, kubatana kweUS neCuba kuri kutanga nenharaunda, asi nekutarisa kuchengetedza kwemakungwa uye nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzemugungwa (saka chibvumirano chepaki). 

Kubatana pakati pezvipenyu uye zvipenyu muCaribbean kwakakosha uye kunozivikanwa, kana kuchiri kunzwisiswa zvishoma kupfuura zvazvingave. Izvi zvakatonyanya mukutarisa iko kubatana pakati peMexico, US neCuba. Yave nguva yakareba kuti tigadzirise hukama hwedu hwevanhu nemahombekombe uye nyanza munharaunda ino nekubatana ikoko mupfungwa-maitiro anotanga neruzivo uye nekugovana kunzwisisa. Iro idanho rakatanga nemisangano yekutanga yemasayendisiti ekutanga nevamwe vakaungana pakutanga Trinational Initiative. Isu tinofara kuti musangano wechisere weTrinational Initiative ungangoitwa muUS Tine zvakawanda zvekuramba tichidzidza kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, uye tinotarisira basa riri mberi.