Gungwa Rinorevei Kwauri? Spoiler Alert: Hapana Mhinduro Yakarurama

Mubvunzo Mumwe, Mhinduro Dzakawanda

Ko gungwa rinorevei kwauri? 

Dai ndaizobvunza mubvunzo uyu kuvanhu 1,000 pasi rose, handaizombowana mhinduro mbiri dzakafanana. Panogona kunge paine kupindirana kunoenderana nenharaunda dzenzvimbo, uko vanhu vanoenda kuzororo, kana maindasitiri chaiwo (semuredzi dzekutengesa). Nekudaro, nekuda kwehukuru hwegungwa pasi rose, uye hukama hwevanhu pachavo naro, pane bandwidth yakawanda pakupindura mubvunzo uyu. 

Mhinduro kumubvunzo wangu dzingangobva parudo kusvika pakusava nehanya. Iyo "pro" yemubvunzo wakaita sewangu ndeyekuti hapana mutongo pano, kuda kuziva chete. 

Saka…ndichatanga. 

Ndinogona kupfupisa zvinorehwa negungwa kwandiri nezwi rimwechete: kubatana. Kurangarira kwangu kwekutanga kwegungwa, zvinoshamisa, hakusi pandakaona gungwa kekutanga. Pane kudaro, ndangariro dzangu dzinoitika muimba yepamusoro-yepakati-yekoloni-style mudhorobha reNew York. Munoonaka, amai vangu vaiva nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emateko egungwa akarongwa akachinjika pamasherufu muimba yokudyira. Handina kumbobvunza, asi angangodaro aiva matehwe aakawana mumakore achifamba achitevedza mhenderekedzo yegungwa yeAtlantic. Amai vangu vakaratidza mabhodhoro sechinhu chepakati cheunyanzvi (sezvinongoita chero muimbi) uye chimwe chinhu chikuru chemba chandichagara ndichirangarira. Handina kuzviziva ipapo, asi matemba akatanga kundisuma kuukama huri pakati pemhuka nenyanza; chimwe chinhu chinopindirana kubva kumakorari kusvika kune mawhale anotenderera mumvura yegungwa. 

Makore mazhinji gare gare, panguva yakagadzirwa “mafoni epafiripi,” ndakatyaira kubva kuLos Angeles kuenda kuSan Diego nguva dzose. Ndakaziva kuti ndakanga ndava kuswedera pedyo nekwandaienda nokuti mugwagwa mukuru waizokwira pamusoro pePacific Ocean yakakura, yakajeka yebhuruu. Paive nekumhanya kwetarisiro uye kutya pandakaswedera pedyo nearc. Manzwiro acho akaoma kudzokorora nedzimwe nzira. 

Saka, hukama hwangu negungwa zvinoenderana nekuti ndiri papi geologically uye muhupenyu. Nekudaro, chinhu chimwe chete chakafanana ndechekuti ini ndinosiya rwendo rwekumahombekombe rwega rwega ndine hukama patsva kune zvemumvura, zvekunamata, uye zvisikwa.  

Kufamba kwegungwa kunokanganiswa sei nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze?

Planet Earth inoumbwa nemitumbi yemvura yakawanda yakasiyana-siyana, asi gungwa rakakura rinotenderera pasirese. Inobatanidza imwe nyika kune imwe, nzanga imwe kune inotevera, uye munhu wose ari pasi pano. Iri gungwa rose rakaputsika mukati makungwa mana akagadzikwa pachinyakare (Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic) uye gungwa idzva rechishanu (Antarctic/Southern) (NOAA. Magungwa mangani aripo? National Ocean Service website, https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/howmanyoceans.html, 01/20/23).

Zvichida wakakurira pedyo neAtlantic uye wakaita chirimo muCape Cod. Ungayeuka masaisai akashata achirova mhenderekedzo yegungwa ine matombo, mvura inotonhora, uye runako rwemahombekombe egungwa. Kana mufananidzo wekukura muMiami, uko Atlantic yakanyura mumvura inodziya, yakachena, ine magineti yausingakwanise kuramba. Zviuru zvitatu zvemamaira kuenda kuMadokero iPacific Ocean, uko vafambi vakapfeka hembe dzemvura vanomuka naXNUMX mangwanani kuti “vabate” masaisai uye mapako emutsetse anotambanuka kubva kumahombekombe. MuArctic, aizi yegungwa inonyunguduka nekushanduka kwekushisa kwePasi, izvo zvinokanganisa mazinga emakungwa pasi rese. 

Kubva pakuona kwesainzi chete, gungwa rine kukosha kukuru kuNyika. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti zvinodzikisira mhedzisiro yekudziya kwepasi. Chimwe chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti gungwa rinotora carbon dioxide (C02) iyo inobudiswa mumhepo nezvinhu zvakadai semagetsi emagetsi uye motokari dzinofamba. Kudzika kwegungwa (12,100 feet) kwakakosha uye zvinoreva kuti, zvisinei nezviri kuitika pamusoro pemvura, gungwa rakadzika rinotora nguva yakareba kuti ridziye, izvo zvinongobatsira chete kuderedza mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze (NOAA. Zvakadzika zvakadii gungwa? National Ocean Service webhusaiti, https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/oceandepth.html, 03/01/23).

Nekuda kweizvi, masayendisiti anogona kukakavara kuti pasina gungwa migumisiro yekudziya kwepasi ingadai yakasimba zvakapetwa kaviri. Zvisinei, gungwa harina kudzivirirwa pakukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nepasi rinochinja. Kana C02 inonyunguduka mumvura ine munyu yegungwa, pane mhedzisiro inokanganisa zvipenyu zvine calcium carbonate shells. Rangarira chemistry kirasi muchikoro chesekondari kana kukoreji? Ndipei mukana pano kuti ndiongorore pfungwa mune zvakajairika. 

Gungwa rine imwe pH (pH ine chikero chinotangira pa0-14). Zvinomwe (7) ndiyo nzvimbo yepakati (USGS. Mvura Sayenzi Chikoro, https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/ph-scale-0, 06/19/19). Kana pH iri pasi pe7, saka ine acidic; kana yakakura kupfuura 7 saka ndeyekutanga. Izvi zvine basa nekuti zvimwe zvipenyu zvemugungwa zvine magomba / skeletons akaomarara ari calcium carbonate, uye anoda marangwanda aya kuti ararame. Zvisinei, kana C02 ichipinda mumvura, pane kemikari inoitwa inoshandura pH yegungwa, zvichiita kuti iwedzere acid. Ichi chiitiko chinonzi "ocean acidification." Izvi zvinoshatisa skeletons ezvisikwa uye nekudaro zvinokanganisa kugona kwayo (kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, ona: NOAA. Chii chinonzi Ocean Acidification? https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/acidification.html, 01/20/23). Pasina kupinda muruzivo rwesainzi (yaungatsvagire), zvinoita sekunge pane hukama hwakananga hunokonzera-mhedzisiro pakati pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye acidification yegungwa. 

Izvi zvakakosha (kunze kwekutyisa kwekurasikirwa nechikafu chako che clams muwhite wine sauce). 

Fungidzira chiitiko ichi: 

Unoenda kuna chiremba, uye vanokuudza kuti une calcium shoma uye kuti, zvinosuruvarisa, uri kunanga kune osteoporosis pamwero unotyisa wekukurumidza. Chiremba anoti unoda calcium supplements kuti udzivise mamiriro ari kuwedzera. Ungangotora ma supplements, handiti? Mukuenzanisa uku kunobvumwa kusinganzwisisike, maclams aya anoda calcium carbonate yawo uye kana pasina danho rinotorwa kumisa chakakonzera kukuvadzwa kweskeletons, ipapo maclams ako ari kunanga kune njodzi. Izvi zvinokanganisa mamoluska ese (kwete maclams chete) uye nekudaro zvinokanganisa musika wehove, sarudzo dzako dzemabiko ekudya kwemanheru, uyezve kukosha kwemollusks mumaketani ezvokudya zvegungwa. 

Iyi ingori mienzaniso miviri yehukama pakati pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze nenyanza. Pane zvimwe izvo blog iyi isiri kuvhara. Zvisinei, imwe pfungwa inofadza yekuyeuka ndeyokuti kune nzira mbiri pakati pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye gungwa. Kana chiyero ichi chikavhiringidzwa, iwe nezvizvarwa zvichauya zvichaona musiyano wacho.

Nyaya Dzenyu

Tichifunga izvi, The Ocean Foundation yakasvika kune vanhu vakasiyana-siyana pasi rose kuti vadzidze nezvezviitiko zvavo pagungwa. Chinangwa chaive chekuwana muchinjiko-chikamu chevanhu vanoona gungwa munharaunda yavo pachavo nenzira dzakasiyana. Takanzwa kubva kuvanhu vanoshanda panyaya dzezvakatipoteredza, pamwe chete nevaya vanongokoshesa gungwa. Takanzwa kubva kumutungamiri we ecotourism, mutori wemifananidzo wegungwa, uye kunyange vadzidzi vechikoro chesekondari vakakura (zvichida) negungwa iro rakanga ratokanganiswa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Mibvunzo yakagadziridzwa kune mumwe nemumwe anotora chikamu, uye sezvaitarisirwa, mhinduro dzakasiyana uye dzinonakidza. 

Nina Koivula | Innovation Maneja weEHS Regulatory Content Provider

Mubvunzo: Ndeupi ndangariro yako yekutanga yeOcean?  

“Ndaiva nemakore anenge 7 uye taienda kuEgypt. Ndaifarira kuenda kumahombekombe uye ndaitsvaga magoko egungwa nematombo ane mavara (pfuma yemwana), asi ese akange akafukidzwa kana kuti akafukidzwa zvishoma muchinhu chakaita setara icho chandinofunga kuti chakabva mukuteuka kwemafuta. ) Ndinoyeuka kusiyana kwakakasharara pakati pemateko machena netara nhema. Kwakanga kune kunhuwa kwakashata kwebhitumini zvakare kunonetsa kukanganwa.” 

Mubvunzo: Wakambove nechiitiko chazvino cheOcean chaungade kugovera? 

“Nguva pfupi yapfuura, ndakava nemukana wekupedza zororo rekupera kwegore pedyo neAtlantic Ocean. Kufamba pamhenderekedzo yegungwa panguva yemafungu emvura - paunenge uchifamba munzira yako pakati pemawere uye gungwa rine ruzha - zvechokwadi kunoita kuti utende simba risingayerike regungwa. "

Mubvunzo: Kuchengetedzwa kweOcean kunorevei kwauri?  

“Kana tikasatarisira zviri nani zvipenyu zvedu zvomugungwa, upenyu hwePasi hunogona kuva husingabviri. Wese munhu anogona kuita chikamu - haufanirwe kuve musayendisiti kuti ubatsire. Kana uri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, tora kanguva kunhonga marara zvishoma uye wosiya mhenderekedzo yegungwa iri nani pane zvawakawana.”

Stephanie Menick | Muridzi Wezvipo Zvipo Store

Mubvunzo: Ndeipi ndangariro yako yekutanga yegungwa? Gungwa ripi? 

"Ocean City… Handizive kuti ndaiva nezera ripi asi kuenda nemhuri yangu imwe nguva kuElementary School."

Mubvunzo: Chii chawaitarisira zvakanyanya nezvekuunza vana vako kugungwa? 

"Mufaro uye kufara kwemafungu, mabhomba pamahombekombe uye nguva dzinonakidza."

Mubvunzo: Ndeipi kunzwisisa kwako kana kufungisisa pamusoro pezvipingamupinyi zvinotarisana negungwa kubva pakuona kwezvakatipoteredza? 

"Ndinoziva kuti tinofanira kumira kurasira marara kuti makungwa akachena uye akachengeteka kumhuka."

Mubvunzo: Ndeipi tariro yako yechizvarwa chinotevera uye kuti inopindirana sei negungwa? 

“Ndinoda kuona shanduko chaiyo mumaitiro evanhu kuchengetedza makungwa. Kana vakadzidza zvinhu vachiri vadiki zvinovanamatira uye vanozova netsika dziri nani kupfuura dzakavatangira.” 

Dr. Susanne Etti | Global Environmental Impact Manager weInterpid Travel

Mubvunzo: Ndeupi ndangariro yako yekutanga yegungwa?

“Ndakakurira kuGermany, saka uduku hwangu hwakapedzerwa zvakanyanya mumakomo eAlps asi chandakatanga kuyeuka pamusoro pegungwa iNorth Sea, rinova rimwe remakungwa akawanda muAtlantic Ocean. Ndaifarirawo kushanyira Wadden Sea National Parks (https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1314), gungwa remumhenderekedzo yegungwa rinoshamisa risina kudzika rine majecha akawanda uye madhaka akati sandara anopa nzvimbo dzokuberekera shiri dzakawanda.”

Mubvunzo: Ndeipi gungwa (Pacific / Atlantic / Indian / Arctic etc.) iwe unonzwa wakanyatsobatanidzwa kune ikozvino uye nei?

"Ini ndakanyanya kushamwaridzana nePacific Ocean nekuda kwekushanya kwangu kuGalapagos ndichishanda sabiologist muEcuador['s] rainforest. Semiyuziyamu mhenyu uye kuratidzwa kwemhindumupindu, boka rezvitsuwa rakasiya chirangaridzo chisingagumi pandiri somuzivi wezvinhu zvipenyu uye kudikanwa kwokukurumidzira kwokudzivirira gungwa nemhuka dzinogara panyika. Iye zvino ndinogara kuAustralia, ndine rombo rakanaka kuva mukondinendi yechitsuwa [uko] dzinenge nyika dzese dzakakomberedzwa nemvura yeOcean - zvakasiyana kwazvo nenyika yangu yekuGermany! Parizvino, ndinofarira kufamba, kuchovha bhasikoro, uye kubatana nezvisikwa pagungwa rekumaodzanyemba.”

Mubvunzo: Ndeupi rudzi rwevashanyi anotsvaga ecotourism adventure inosanganisira gungwa? 

“Chikonzero cheecotourism ndechekuunza vanochengetedza mhuka dzesango uye zvisikwa, nharaunda dzemunharaunda, neavo vanoita, kutora chikamu, uye kushambadzira ecotourism pamwe chete kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti indasitiri yekushanya yakatarisana nekuchengetedza kwenguva refu kwete pundutso yenguva pfupi. Vafambi vasingatyi vanokoshesa magariro evanhu, zvakatipoteredza, uye tsika. Vanoziva kuti inhengo yenharaunda yepasi rose. Vanonzwisisa mashandiro atinoita sevafambi uye vane shungu dzekupawo pasi nemakungwa edu nenzira yakanaka. Vane pfungwa, vanoremekedza, uye vanoda kutsigira shanduko. Vanoda kuziva kuti kufamba kwavo hakuremekedzi vanhu kana nzvimbo dzavanoshanyira. Uye kuti, kana zvaitwa nemazvo, kufamba kunogona kubatsira vese kubudirira. ”

Mubvunzo: Ecotourism uye hutano hwegungwa zvinopindirana sei? Sei hutano hwemugungwa hwakakosha kubhizinesi rako? 

“Kushanya kunogona kukuvadza, asi kunosimudzira budiriro inogara iripo. Kana zvakarongwa zvakanaka uye zvichitarisirwa, kushanya kwakasimba kunogona kubatsira mukuvandudza mararamiro, kubatanidza, nhaka yetsika nekuchengetedzwa kwezviwanikwa, uye kukurudzira kunzwisisa kwenyika dzakawanda. Isu tinoziva zvisizvo pahutano hwegungwa, kusanganisira kuti nzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzevashanyi dzinotamburira sei kudzora kuwanda kuri kuramba kuchikwira kwevafambi, mhedzisiro yehupfu hwezuva pasi pemvura pasi pemvura, kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki mumakungwa edu, nezvimwe.

Nyanza dzine utano dzinopa mabasa nezvokudya, dzinotsigira kukura kweupfumi, dzinogadzirisa mamiriro ekunze, uye dzinotsigira kugara zvakanaka kwenharaunda dziri mumhenderekedzo yegungwa. Mabhirioni avanhu munyika yose—zvikurukuru varombo zvikuru pasi pose—vanotsamira pamakungwa ane utano samanyuko emabasa nezvokudya, zvichisimbisa kudikanwa kwokukurumidzira kwokuwana dzikamo mukukurudzira kushanya nokuda kwokukura kwoupfumi nokunyandura kurudziro inopfuurira yokuchengetedzwa kwemakungwa edu. Gungwa ringaratidzika serisina magumo, asi tinofanira kutsvaga mhinduro. Izvi zvakakosha kwete chete kumakungwa edu nehupenyu hwemugungwa, uye bhizinesi redu, asi kuti vanhu vararame. "

Mubvunzo: Paunenge uchironga rwendo rwe ecotourism runosanganisira gungwa, ndeapi mapoinzi makuru ekutengesa uye ruzivo rwako rwesainzi yezvakatipoteredza runokubatsira sei kutsigira zvese zviri zviviri gungwa pacharo uye bhizinesi rako? 

"Mumwe muenzaniso ndewekuti Intrepid yakatanga mwaka wa2022/23 paOcean Endeavor uye yakatora makumi matanhatu neshanu enyanzvi dzekufamba-famba dzinogovana chinangwa chekupa chiitiko chine chinangwa chevaenzi muAntarctica. Takaunza akati wandei echinangwa uye kusimudzira zvirongwa, kusanganisira kuve wekutanga Antarctic mushandisi kubvisa chikafu chemugungwa kubva kubasa redu renguva dzose; kushumira imwe chirimwa-yakavakirwa manheru pabhodhi rwendo rwega rwega; kupa mapurogiramu mashanu esainzi anotsigira kutsvagisa nekudzidza; uye kushandisa nzendo dzeHofori dzeAntarctica neWWF-Australia muna 65. Takabatanawo pachirongwa chetsvakiridzo chemakore maviri neYunivhesiti yeTasmania, tichiongorora kuti nzendo dzenzendo dzinosimudzira sei hukama hwakanaka uye hune ruzivo rwetsika neAntarctica pakati pemapoka akasiyana evafambi.

Kune vamwe vezvezvakatipoteredza vangataura nzira yakanakisa yekudzivirira Antarctica hakuzi kumbofamba kuenda ikoko zvachose. Izvo, nekungoshanya, uri kukanganisa izvo chaizvo 'kusaora' kunoita kuti Antarctica ive yakakosha. Haasi maonero atinonyorera. Asi pane zvimwe zvinhu zvaunogona kuita kudzikamisa maitiro ako uye kudzivirira nzvimbo yepolar. Iyo yekupikisa, inoitwa nemasayendisiti mazhinji epolar, ndeyekuti Antarctica ine yakasarudzika kugona kuchinja nekudzidzisa vanhu nezvezvakatipoteredza. Anenge simba risinganzwisisike. Kushandura avhareji yevafambi kuva vatsigiri vane shungu. Unoda kuti vanhu vaende senhume, uye vazhinji vanoita. "

Ray collins | Ocean Photograph uye Muridzi weRAYCOLLINSPHOTO

Q. Ndeipi ndangariro yako yekutanga yegungwa (ndeipi?)

"Ndine 2 ndangariro dzakasiyana dzemazuva angu ekutanga kuratidzwa munyanza. 

1. Ndinoyeuka ndakabata mapendekete aamai vangu uye vachituhwina vari pasi pemvura, ndinoyeuka kunzwa kwokusarema, uye ndakanzwa seimwe nyika pasi apa. 

2. Ndinogona kuyeuka baba vangu vachiwana m[e] bhodhi refuro rakachipa uye ndinorangarira ndichipinda mumasaisai madiki eBotany Bay uye kunzwa kwesimba richindisundidzira mberi nekukwira mujecha. Ndaida!”

Q. Chii chakakurudzira iwe kuti uve mutori wemifananidzo wegungwa? 

“Baba vangu vakazviuraya pandaiva nemakore manomwe kana masere uye takatama kubva kuSydney tichidzika nemhenderekedzo yegungwa, panyanza chaipo, kuti titange patsva. Gungwa rakava mudzidzisi mukuru kwandiri kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi. Zvakandidzidzisa moyo murefu, rukudzo uye mafambiro ekufamba nekuyerera. Ndakatendeukira kwairi munguva dzekushushikana kana kuzvidya mwoyo. Ndakapembera neshamwari dzangu apo takatasva hofori, maburi maburi uye nekupembera. Zvakandipa zvakawanda uye ndakavakira zviitiko zvehupenyu hwangu hwese pazviri. 

Pandakatora kamera yangu yekutanga (kubva pakukuvara kwebvi rehab, nguva yekuzadza nguva) ndiyo chete nyaya ine musoro yekuti nditore mufananidzo munzira yekupora. " 

Mubvunzo: Iwe unofunga kuti mhando dzegungwa / dzegungwa dzichashanduka sei mumakore anotevera uye izvo zvichakanganisa sei basa rako? 

"Shanduko dzirikuitika hadzingokanganisa basa rangu chete asi zvine zvazvinoreva kune ese maficha ehupenyu hwedu. Gungwa, rinowanzonzi mapapu epasi, rinoita basa rinokosha mukugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze edu, uye kushanduka kwaro kusati kwamboitika ndicho chikonzero chekutya. 

Marekodhi achangoburwa anoratidza mwedzi unopisa kwazvo wati wamboitika munhoroondo, uye maitiro anotyisa aya ari kufambisa acidization yegungwa uye zviitiko zvakanyanya kuchena, zvichiisa hupenyu mungozi uye kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu kwevanhu vasingaverengeki vanovimba nezviwanikwa zvegungwa zvinotsigira hupenyu.  

Uyezve, kuwedzera kwemamiriro ekunze akanyanyisa, anoitika kakawanda anotyisa, kunowedzera kuipa kwemamiriro acho ezvinhu. Sezvatinofunga nezveramangwana redu nenhaka yatinosiira zvizvarwa zvinotevera, kuchengetedzwa kwenyika yedu nenyanza dzayo kunova chinhu chokukurumidzira uye chomwoyo wose.”

Ongororo yeVadzidzi veChikoro chesekondari kubva kuSanta Monica | Nekuda kwaDr. Kathy Griffis

Mubvunzo: Ndeipi ndangariro yako yekutanga yegungwa? 

Kusimuka 9^th Grader: "Kurangarira kwangu kwekutanga kwegungwa ndiko pandakatamira kuLA ndinorangarira ndakaitarisa kubva pahwindo remota, ndichishamiswa nemabatirwo araiita seyakaramba ichienda nekusingaperi." 

Kusimuka 10^th Grader: "Kurangarira kwangu kwekutanga kwegungwa kunosvika giredhi rechitatu pandakashanyira Spain kunoona hama dzangu uye takaenda ku [M]arbella beach kunozorora ..."

Kusimuka 11^th Grader: “Vabereki vangu vakaenda neni kumhenderekedzo yegungwa ye<em>jackal Island mu[G]eorgia uye ndinoyeuka ndisingafariri jecha asi mvura[.]” 

Mubvunzo: Wadzidzei nezve oceanography (kana paine) muchikoro chesekondari (kana chepakati)? Zvimwe yeuka zvimwe zvinhu zvakakunakira kana wakadzidza nezvegungwa. 

Kusimuka 9^th Grader: “Ndinoyeuka ndichidzidza nezvemarara uye chinhu chiri chose icho vanhu vanga vachirasa mugungwa. Chimwe chinhu chakanyanya kundishamisa chaive [zviitiko] zvakaita seGreat Pacific Garbage Patch, pamwe nekuti zvingani zvisikwa zvinogona kukanganiswa nemapurasitiki madiki kana humwe muchetura mukati mawo, zvekuti cheni dzese dzechikafu dzinokanganiswa. Pakupedzisira, kusvibiswa uku kunogona kudzoka kwatiri zvakare, nenzira yekuyamwisa mhuka dzine chepfu mukati me[m]. "

Kusimuka 10^th Grader: “Parizvino [']ndiri kuzvipira kuchirongwa chinodzidzisa vana zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana uye ndiri muboka rekuona nezvegungwa. Saka [mu]masvondo matatu apfuura ikoko ndakadzidza nezvezvipuka zvakawanda zvemugungwa asi dai ndaifanira kusarudza, iyo yakanyanyondishamisa ingave [s]eanyenyedzi nekuda kwekudya kwayo kunonakidza. Madyiro anoita [s]ea [s]tar ndeokuti inotanga yakabatira mhuka yayo yozoregedzera dumbu rayo pachisikwa kuti inyuse muviri wayo uye kusveta kudya kwakanyungudika. 

Kusimuka 11^th Grader: “Ndaigara munzvimbo yakakomberedzwa nenyika kuitira kuti ndizive zvinhu zvegungwa zvakaita se[zvinoita] continental drift uye kuti gungwa rinotenderera sei mvura inotonhora uye inodziya, uye kuti sherefu [yekondinendi] yakaita sei, kunouya oiri mugungwa. kubva, pasi pemvura inoputika, matombo, zvinhu zvakadaro.]” 

Mubvunzo: Waigara uchiziva nezvekusvibiswa kwegungwa uye kutyisidzira kwehutano hwegungwa? 

Kusimuka 9^th Grader: “Ndinofunga kuti ndakakura ndichinzwisisa kuti mugungwa mune kusvibiswa, asi handina kumbonyatsonzwisisa ukuru hwayo kutozosvikira ndadzidza zvakawanda nezvako kusekondari.” 

Kusimuka 10^th Grader: "Aiwa handina kuzosvika kumagiredhi 6 ndipo pandakadzidza nezve kusvibiswa kwegungwa." 

Kusimuka 11^th Grader: “Hongu zvinorovererwa zvakanyanya muzvikoro zvese zvandave ndichifarira kubva kukireshi[.]” 

Mubvunzo: Unofunga kuti ramangwana regungwa rakamira sei? Iwe unofunga kudziya kwepasirese (kana dzimwe shanduko) kuchakuvadza muhupenyu hwako here? Tsanangura. 

Kusimuka 9^th Grader: “Ndinotenda chose kuti chizvarwa chedu chichaona migumisiro yokudziya kwepasi. Ndakatoona nhau dzekuti marekodhi ekupisa akatyorwa, uye pamwe acharamba achityorwa mune ramangwana. Chokwadi, nyanza dzinotora kuzhinji kwekupisa uku, uye izvi zvinoreva kuti tembiricha yemugungwa icharamba ichikwira. Izvi zvichave pachena zvichakanganisa zvipenyu zvemugungwa zviri mukati memakungwa asi zvichavawo nepesvedzero yechigarire pahuwandu hwevanhu nenzira yekukwira kwemvura yemugungwa nemadutu akanyanya kuipa. " 

Kusimuka 10^th Grader: “Ndinofunga kuti ramangwana regungwa nderokuti tembiricha yaro icharamba [ichikwira] nemhaka yokuti inotora kupisa kunokonzerwa nokudziya kwepasi kunze kwokunge vanhu vakaungana kuti vaone [nzira] yekuchinja izvozvo.” 

Kusimuka 11^th Grader: “Ndinofunga kuti kuchange kuine shanduko dzakawanda mugungwa kunyanya kubva mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze sekunge [zvechokwadi] kuchave negungwa rakawanda kupfuura nyika sekusimuka kwemakungwa uye kwete kuwanda kwematombo emakorari uye zvakajairika sezvatinotengeserana zvakanyanya uye kuisa mamwe. ngarava dziri kunze uko gungwa richangonzwika zvikuru kupfuura zvazvaimboita makore 50 apfuura[.]”

Iyo Ocean Zvakaitika

Sezvinotarisirwa, nyaya dziri pamusoro dzinoratidza zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoonekwa nemunyanza. Pane zvakawanda zvekutora paunoverenga kuburikidza nemhinduro dzemibvunzo. 

Zvitatu zvinoratidzwa pazasi: 

1. Gungwa rakabatana nemabhizinesi mazhinji uye nekudaro, kuchengetedzwa kwezviwanikwa zvegungwa kwakakosha kwete nekuda kwechisikigo chete, asiwo nekuda kwezvikonzero zvemari. 
2. Vadzidzi vechikoro chesekondari vari kukura nekunzwisisa kwakadzama kwekutyisidzira kugungwa kupfuura zvaive nezvizvarwa zvakapfuura. Fungidzira dai wanga uine iyi nhanho yekunzwisisa muchikoro chesekondari.  
3. Vanhuwo zvavo nemasayendisiti zvakafanana vanoziva nezvematambudziko akatarisana negungwa.

*Mhinduro dzakarongwa kuti dzijekeswe* 

Nekudaro, kana uchidzokorodza mubvunzo wekutanga weblog ino, munhu anogona kuona mhinduro dzakasiyana. Zvisinei, kusiyana-siyana kwechiitiko chevanhu negungwa ndiko kunotibatanidza, mumakondinendi ose, maindasitiri, uye nhanho dzehupenyu.