Lionfish: vapambi vakanaka veCaribbean neEast Coast

NaLaura Sesana

Ichi chinyorwa pakutanga chakaonekwa pa CDN

Iyo Calvert Marine Museum muSolomons, Maryland ichave ichidzidzisa vanoenda mumamyuziyamu nezve ine njodzi Lionfish inoparadza iyo inotyisidzira mvura yeCaribbean nereef masisitimu. Lionfish yakanaka uye inoshamisa, asi semhuka inoparadza iyo isiri chizvarwa cheAtlantic, kukurumidza kuwanda kwavo kunogona kukonzera matambudziko makuru ezvakatipoteredza nehupfumi. Iine huturu hurefu hurefu uye chitarisiko chinopenya, Lionfish ine ruvara rwakajeka uye ine mafeni anokatyamadza ekufungidzira ane huturu hunoita kuti lionfish ionekwe nyore. Nhengo dze genus Pterois, masayendisiti akaona gumi emhando dzakasiyana dzeshumba.

Inowanikwa kuSouth Pacific neIndian Oceans Lionfish inokura pakati pemainji maviri kusvika gumi nemashanu pakureba. Zvikara zvine hasha zvehove diki, shrimp, crabs uye humwe hupenyu hudiki hwemugungwa, hunogara mumvura iri pedyo necoral reef, masvingo ane matombo nemadhamu. Lionfish ine avhareji yehupenyu hurefu pakati pemakore mashanu kusvika gumi nemashanu uye inogona kubereka mwedzi wega wega mushure megore rekutanga. Kunyangwe shumba ichiruma ichirwadza zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kunetseka kufema, kuda kurutsa uye kurutsa, haiwanzo kuuraya vanhu. Zvavo uturu ine musanganiswa weprotein, neuromuscular toxin uye acetylcholine, neurotransmitter.

Haisi yekuzvarwa kuAtlantic Ocean, marudzi maviri eshumba - red lionfish uye common lionfish - akabudirira muCaribbean uye pamwe neEast Coast yeUnited States kusvika pamwero wavanoonekwa semarudzi anokanganisa. Vazhinji vaongorori vanotenda kuti lionfish yakatanga kupinda mumvura kubva kumahombekombe eFlorida muma1980. Hurricane Andrew, muna 1992, yakaparadza aquarium paBiscayne Bay, ichibudisa shumba nhanhatu mumvura yakashama. Lionfish yakaonekwa kusvika kure kuchamhembe seNorth Carolina uye kusvika kumaodzanyemba seVenezuela, uye huwandu hwayo hunoratidzika kunge huri kuwedzera. Zvinotaridza kuti kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kunogona kunge kuri kuitawo basa.

Lionfish ine zvikara zvishoma zvinozivikanwa, chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru nei dzave dambudziko guru mune dzimwe nzvimbo muEast Coast neCaribbean. Calvert Marine Museums inotarisira kudzidzisa vashanyi pamusoro pechikara chinopinda chinotyisidzira hove dzinogara mumvura yedu inodziya, uye kuti iyo mvura inodziya iri kubatsira sei Lionfish kuti ibudirire.

"Tiri kutarisisa mameseji edu kuti tibatanidze kukanganisa uye kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, imwe yekutyisidzira kuenderera mberi kwezvipenyu zvepasirese," anotsanangura David Moyer, Curator weEstuarine Biology pamusangano wepasi rose. Calvert Marine Museum muna Solomons, MD.

“Lionfish dziri kupinda muWestern Atlantic Ocean. Munguva yezhizha, vanoenda kure kuchamhembe seNew York, zviri pachena kuti vanotakurwa nemuMaryland's offshore marine habitat. Sezvo shanduko yemamiriro ekunze ichiunza tembiricha yemvura yegungwa inodziya mudunhu redu, uye nekukwira kwegungwa kuchiri kuramba kuchikwira muMaryland pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, mukana weshumba wekugadzikwa zvachose mumvura yedu unowedzera, "akanyora Moyer mune ichangoburwa email.

Huwandu hweshumba munzvimbo idzi huri kuwedzera nekukurumidza. The Nzvimbo dzeNyika dzeCoastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) inofungidzira kuti mune dzimwe mvura uwandu hweshumba dzeshumba dzakapfuura marudzi mazhinji eko. Munzvimbo dzakawanda dzinopisa mune zvinopfuura chiuru cheshumba paeka.

Vatsvagiri havazive chaizvo kuti kukura kwehuwandu hweshumba huchakanganisa sei huwandu hwehove dzemuno uye kuredza kwekutengesa. Vanoziva, zvisinei, kuti marudzi edzimwe nyika anogona kuva netapuro yakakomba pazvipenyu zvipenyu neupfumi hwomunzvimbomo. Zvinozivikanwa zvakare kuti lionfish inodya snapper negrouper, mhando mbiri dzakakosha zvekutengesa.

Maererano neNational Oceanic uye Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), lionfish inogona kukonzera kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kunharaunda dzereef nekukanganisa kudzikama kwezvimwe zvipenyu. Sezvikara zvemhando yepamusoro, shumba inokwanisa kuderedza huwandu hwemhuka uye kukwikwidzana nemhuka dzinodya dzimwe mhuka, dzozotora basa radzo.

Vatsvakurudzi vanotaura kuti kuiswa kweshumba mune dzimwe nzvimbo kunoderedza mararamiro ehove dzomugungwa ne80 muzana, maererano ne US Federal Aquatic Nuisance Species Task Force (ANS).

Munzvimbo dzine huwandu hweshumba dziri kuita dambudziko, matanho akawanda ekudzora akaitwa kubva mukukurudzira kudyiwa kwavo (shumba yakachengeteka kudyiwa kana yakagadzirirwa nemazvo) kutsigira makwikwi ekuredza uye kubvumira vatsiki kuuraya shumba munzvimbo dzinochengeterwa gungwa. Vanoda kunyura nevabati vehove vanokurudzirwa kuti vataure nezvekuonekwa kweshumba, uye vanoita zvekudhibha vanokurudzirwa kubvisa hove pazvinenge zvichiita.

Nekudaro, hazvigoneke kuti lionfish ichapedzwa zvachose kubva munzvimbo yavakagadzira huwandu hwevanhu, sekureva. NOAA, sezvo matanho ekudzora angangonyanya kudhura kana kuti akaoma kunzwisisa. NOAA inofanotaura kuti nhamba dzeshumba muAtlantic dzinogona kuwedzera.

Vatsvakurudzi vanokurudzira kutevera shumba dzeshumba, kuita tsvakurudzo yakawanda, kudzidzisa veruzhinji, nekugadzira mirau pamusoro pekusunungura mhuka dzemugungwa dzisiri dzekuzvarwa senzira dzekudzikisa kupararira kweshumba nedzimwe mhuka dzinoparadza.

Vatsvakurudzi vakati wandei uye masangano anosimbisa dzidzo. “Zvinetso zvemazuva ano zvezvipenyu zvinoparadza zvine chokuita nezvinoitwa nevanhu,” anodaro David Moyer. “Kunyange zvazvo Munhu akatobatsira zvikuru mukugovewazve kwemarudzi ose ezvipenyu munyika yose, kupindwa nemhoteredzo yezvipenyu nemhoteredzo yemhoteredzo yezvipenyu nemhoteredzo yezvipenyu hakusati kwapera uye pane bviro yokuti marudzi akawanda anoparadza apinzwe mazuva ose.”

Mukuedza kudzidzisa veruzhinji munharaunda yeDC, uye nekuda kwezvipo zverupo kuEstuarine Biology Dhipatimendi, iyo Calvert Marine Museum Solomons, MD icharatidza shumba yemvura muchikamu chavo cheEco-Invaders mushure mekugadziridza kuEstuarium kuri kuuya.

"Kusanganisira ruzivo rwevapambi vezvakatipoteredza nevenguva yemberi munharaunda yedu zvichadzidzisa vashanyi vedu nezve masvikiro ezvipenyu zvinounzwa nekupararira," akadaro Moyer mune email nezve kugadziridzwa kuri kuuya kuratidzwa kweEco-Invaders. "Kushongedzerwa neizvi, vanhu vazhinji vanozoziva kuti zvavanoita uye sarudzo zvingakanganisa sei nharaunda yavo. Kuparadzirwa kweruzivo urwu kune mukana wekubatsira kuderedza sumo dzisingadiwi mune ramangwana. "

Laura Sesana munyori uye DC, MD Gweta. Mutevere paFacebook, Twitter @lasesana, uye Google+.