Kutarisa Kudzokera Kufambira Mberi: 2022 UN Ocean Musangano

Kutevera kuzorora pazviitiko zvemunhu kubva pakatanga denda, pakati pe "gore regungwa" rakaratidzwa ne 2022 UN Ocean Musangano muLisbon, Portugal. Nevanopfuura zviuru zvitanhatu nemazana mashanu vakapinda vanomiririra zvisingabatsiri, masangano akazvimirira, hurumende, nevamwe vane chekuita navo vese vachijoinha mumazuva mashanu azere nezvisungo, nhaurirano, uye zviitiko zvemusangano, Nhumwa yeThe Ocean Foundation (TOF) yakagadzirira kupa uye kugadzirisa nyaya dzakakosha, kubva kumapurasitiki kusvika kumiririro yepasi rose.

Nhumwa dzeTOF pachadzo dzakaratidza sangano redu rakasiyana, nevashandi vasere vaivepo, vachibata nyaya dzakafara. Nhumwa dzedu dzakauya dzakagadzirira kugadzirisa kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki, kabhoni yebhuruu, acidification yegungwa, migodhi yakadzika yegungwa, kuenzana musainzi, kuverenga kwemakungwa, hukama hwemamiriro ekunze egungwa, hupfumi hwebhuruu, uye hutongi hwegungwa.

Chikwata chedu chepurogiramu chakawana mukana wekufungisisa nezvekudyidzana kwakagadzirwa, zvisungo zvepasi rose zvakaitwa, uye kudzidza kunoshamisa kwakaitika kubva muna Chikumi 27 kusvika Chikunguru 1, 2022. pazasi.

Ocean Sayenzi Kugona

Hurukuro pamusoro pekugona kunodiwa kuita sainzi yemugungwa uye kutora matanho panyaya dzemunyanza dzakarukwa muzviitiko zvemusangano svondo rese. Chiitiko chedu chepamutemo, "Ocean Sayenzi Kugona seChimiro chekuzadzisa SDG 14: Maonero uye Mhinduro, "yakaitwa neTOF Program Officer Alexis Valauri-Orton uye yakaratidza boka revanyori vakagovera maonero avo uye mazano ekubvisa zvipingamupinyi zvinodzivirira kuenzana munharaunda yegungwa. Mutevedzeri weMutevedzeri weMunyori weDhipatimendi reNyika reUS anoona nezvemakungwa, Hove nePolar Affairs, Muzvinafundo Maxine Burkett, vakapa mashoko ekuvhura anokurudzira. Uye, Katy Soapi (The Pacific Community) naHenrik Enevoldsen (IOC-UNESCO) vakaratidza kukosha kwekurima hukama hwakasimba vasati vapinda mubasa.

Dr. Enevoldsen akasimbisa kuti haungambove wakaisa nguva yakakwana mukutsvaga shamwari dzakakodzera, ukuwo Dr. Soapi akasimbisa kuti kudyidzana kunoda nguva yekukudziridza uye kuumba kuvimbana kusati kwatanga. Dr. JP Walsh vekuYunivhesiti yeRhode Island vakakurudzira kuvaka nenguva yekunakidzwa kuita zviitiko zvemunhu, zvakaita sekushambira kwemugungwa, kubatsira kukonzeresa ndangariro dzine chinangwa nehukama. Vamwe vanyori, weTOF Program Officer Frances Lang naDamboia Cossa vanobva kuEduardo Mondlane University kuMozambique, vakasimbisa kukosha kwekuunza sainzi yemagariro uye nekutarisa mamiriro enzvimbo - kusanganisira dzidzo, zvivakwa, mamiriro, uye kuwana tekinoroji - mukukwanisa. building.

Kuenderera mberi nekusimbisa rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi hwesainzi yegungwa, TOF yakazivisa chirongwa chitsva chekugadzira Funders Collaborative mukutsigira UN Decade yeOcean Science for Sustainable Development. Yakaziviswa zviri pamutemo pamusangano weUN Ocean Decade Forum, mubatanidzwa uyu une chinangwa chekusimbisa Makumi gumi eOcean Science nekubatanidza mari uye mune-mhando zviwanikwa kutsigira kusimudzira kugona, kutaurirana, uye mubatanidzwa wesainzi yegungwa. Nhengo dzekutanga dzemubatanidzwa uyu dzinosanganisira Lenfest Ocean Chirongwa chePew Charitable Trust, Tula Foundation, REV Ocean, Fundação Grupo Boticário, uye Schmidt Ocean Institute.

Mutungamiri wedu, Mark J. Spalding, vakakokwa neHurumende dzeSpain neMexico kuti vataure pamusoro pemabatirwo akakosha ekuona data kwegungwa mukusimba kwemahombekombe uye hupfumi hwebhuruu hwakagadzikana sechikamu che chiitiko chepamutemo chedivi pamusoro pe "Sainzi yakananga kugungwa risingaperi".

Deep Seabed Mining Moratorium

Kushushikana kwakajeka maererano nekuchera kwepasi pegungwa (DSM) kwakasimudzwa mumusangano wese. TOF inotsigira kumisa (kurambidzwa kwechinguvana) kunze kwekunge uye kusvikira DSM yakwanisa kuenderera mberi pasina kukuvadza nharaunda yegungwa, kurasikirwa kwezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana, kutyisidzirwa kwenhaka yedu inobatika uye isingabatike, kana njodzi kumabasa ezvipenyu.

Vashandi veTOF vaivepo pane zvinopfuura gumi nemaviri zviitiko zvine chekuita neDSM, kubva kunhaurirano dzepedyo, kuenda kune official Interactive Dialogues, kune imwe mobile dance party inotikurudzira ku #lookdown uye kukoshesa gungwa rakadzika uye kutsigira kurambidzwa kweDSM. TOF yakadzidza uye yakagovanisa sainzi yakanakisa iripo, yakakurukura pamusoro pezvitsigiro zvepamutemo zveDSM, yakanyora mapoinzi ekutaura uye mapindiro, uye yakarongana nevaanoshanda navo, vadyidzani, uye vamiriri venyika kubva kumativi ese epasi. Zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zveparutivi zvakanangana neDSM, uye pakadzika dzika, zvipenyu zvayo, uye ecosystem masevhisi aanopa.

The Alliance Against Deep Seabed Mining yakatangwa nePalau, uye yakabatanidzwa neFiji neSamoa (iyo Federated States yeMicronesia yakabva yabatana). Dr. Sylvia Earle akatsigira kurwisana neDSM mumamiriro ezvinhu akarongeka uye asina kurongwa; Nhaurirano inopindirana paUNCLOS yakatanga kuombera maoko apo mumwe mumiririri wechidiki akabvunza kuti sarudzo dzine chekuita nemarudzi dzaiitwa sei pasina kubvunzana kwevechidiki; uye Mutungamiriri weFrance Macron vakashamisa vazhinji nekudaidzira kuti hurumende yepamutemo imise DSM, vachiti: "tinofanirwa kugadzira hurongwa hwemutemo hwekumisa migodhi yegungwa repamusoro uye kusabvumidza zviitiko zvitsva zvinoisa mungozi zvisikwa."

Spotlight paOcean Acidification

Gungwa rinoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze asi richinzwa mhedzisiro yekuwedzera kuburitsa kabhoni dhaikisaidhi. Nokudaro, kuchinja mamiriro egungwa wakanga uri musoro unokosha. Ocean warming, deoxygenation, and acidification (OA) zvakaratidzwa muInteractive Dialogue yakaunza pamwechete US Climate Nhumwa John Kerry nevamwe veTOF, kusanganisira mumwe wemasachigaro eGlobal Ocean Acidification Observing Network Dr. Steve Widdicombe uye Secretariat yeInternational Alliance to Combat Ocean. Acidification Jessie Turner, sachigaro uye panelist, zvichiteerana.

Alexis Valauri-Orton akaita kupindira zviri pamutemo akamiririra TOF, achicherekedza rutsigiro rwedu rwezvishandiso, kudzidziswa, nerutsigiro runogonesa kuwedzera kwekutarisa kweasidhi yegungwa mumatunhu anobatsirwa zvakanyanya kubva kune idzi data.

Inowanikwa Ocean Action Munyika Yose

TOF yaive nechekuita nezviitiko zvakati wandei zvaivepo kune vatori vechikamu mumusangano kubva pasirese. Frances Lang akapa akamiririra TOF pachiratidziro padivi pevanoremekedzwa vepaEdinburgh University, Patagonia Europe, Save The Waves, Surfrider Foundation, uye Surf Industry Manufacturers Association.

Chiitiko ichi, chakarongwa neSurfers Against Sewage, chakaunza pamwe chete vanotungamira kuratidzira, vadzidzi, maNGO, uye vamiriri vemitambo yemvura kuti vakurukure kuti zviito zvepasi uye sainzi yevagari zvingashandiswa sei kupesvedzera sarudzo dzemuno, mutemo wenyika, uye gakava repasi rose kuchengetedza nekudzoreredza kwedu. makungwa. Vatauri vakakurukura kukosha kwekuwanikwa kwekuita kwemugungwa kumatanho ese enharaunda, kubva kuunganidzwa kwedata remahombekombe kunotungamirwa nevazvipiri venharaunda kuenda kuK-12 dzidzo yemugungwa inotungamirwa nekudyidzana uye hutungamiriri hwenzvimbo. 

TOF yakarongawo chiitiko chemitauro miviri (ChiRungu neSpanish) chakanangana nekuderedza kukanganiswa kwemamiriro ekunze kuburikidza nekudzoreredza kwezvipenyu zvemugungwa nemahombekombe. TOF Program Officer Alejandra Navarrete akafambisa nhaurirano ine simba nezvekushandisa zvigadziriso-zvakavakirwa padanho redunhu uye padanho renyika muMexico. TOF Program Officer Ben Scheelk nevamwe vepanelist vakagovana sei mangrove, coral reef, uye uswa hwegungwa zvinopa zvakakosha ecosystem masevhisi ekuchinjika kwemamiriro ekunze uye kudzikisira, uye kuti bhuruu kudzoreredzwa kwekabhoni kunoratidzwa sei kudzoreredza masevhisi ecosystem uye mararamiro akabatana.

High Seas Ocean Governance

Mark J. Spalding, mubasa rake seSargasso Sea Commissioner, akataura pane chimwe chiitiko chakatarisana neSARGADOM chirongwa che "Hybrid governance in the High Seas". 'SARGADOM' inosanganisa mazita enzvimbo mbiri dzechirongwa - Gungwa reSargasso kuNorth Atlantic uye Thermal Dome muEastern Tropical Pacific. Ichi chirongwa chinotsigirwa nemari neFonds Français pour l'Environnement Mondial.

Thermal Dome muEastern Tropical Pacific Ocean neGungwa reSargasso kuNorth Atlantic ndizvo zvirongwa zviviri zviri kubuda senyaya dzevatyairi pasi rose zvine chinangwa chekugadzira nzira dzekutonga dzakasanganiswa, kureva nzira dzekutonga dzinosanganisa nzira yedunhu nzira yepasirese yekubatsira kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye ecosystem masevhisi mumakungwa makuru.

Ocean-Climate Nexus

Muna 2007, TOF yakabatsira kuwana iyo Ocean-Climate Platform. Mark J. Spalding akabatana navo musi wa30 Chikumi kuti vataure nezvekudiwa kweInternational Panel yeOcean Sustainability kuti ibvumire kuongororwa kwemamiriro egungwa azvino uye eramangwana nenzira yakafanana neInternational Panel on Climate Change. Pakarepo mushure meizvi, iyo Ocean-Climate Platform yakabata nhaurirano yeOceans of Solutions kuratidza zvishuvo zvegungwa zvinogoneka, zvinogoneka, uye zvinogoneka; kusanganisira TOF's Sargassum Kuisa kuedza kwakaratidzwa naMako.

Sezvinowanzoitika pakuungana kukuru uku, misangano midiki isina kurongwa uye yechimbi-chimbi yakabatsira zvikuru. Takatora mukana wekusangana nevatinoshanda navo uye vatinoshanda navo svondo rese. Mark J. Spalding aive mumwe weboka revakuru veNGO vezvekuchengetedzwa kwemakungwa avo vakasangana neWhite House's Council on Environmental Quality, uye Director weWhite House Hofisi yeSainzi neTekinoroji. Saizvozvo, Mark akapedza nguva ari mumisangano ye "High Level" nevatinoshanda navo kuThe Commonwealth Blue Charter kuti tikurukure nzira yakanaka, inosanganisirwa uye yakagadzikana yekudzivirira kwegungwa uye kusimudzira hupfumi. 

Pamusoro pezvisungo izvi, TOF yakatsigira zvimwe zviitiko zvakati wandei uye vashandi veTOF vakafambisa nhaurirano dzakakomba dzakatenderedza kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki, nzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa dzemugungwa, acidization yegungwa, kusimba kwemamiriro ekunze, kuzvidavirira kwenyika dzese, uye kuita indasitiri.

Migumisiro uye Kutarisira Mberi

Dingindira re2022 UN Ocean Musangano waive "Kuwedzera chiitiko chemugungwa zvichibva pasainzi uye hunyanzvi hwekuita Chinangwa 14: kutora masheya, kudyidzana uye mhinduro." Pakanga paine budiriro dzinocherechedzwa zvine chekuita nedingindira iri, kusanganisira kuwedzera kukurumidza uye kutarisisa kwakabhadharwa kune njodzi dzegungwa acidization, iyo inodzoreredza iyo yeblue kabhoni, uye njodzi dzeDSM. Vakadzi vaive nesimba risingarambike mumusangano wese, paine mauto anotungamirwa nevakadzi akamira sedzimwe nhaurirano dzakakosha uye dzinonakidza pasvondo (vamiriri veTOF pachavo vaive nevakadzi vanosvika makumi mapfumbamwe muzana).

Paivewo nenzvimbo dzinozivikanwa neTOF kwatinoda kuona kufambira mberi kwakawanda, kuwanikwa kwakavandudzwa, uye kubatanidzwa kukuru:

• Isu takaona kushaikwa kusingagumi kwekumiririra pamapaneru epamutemo pachiitiko ichi, zvisinei, mukupindira, misangano isina kurongeka, uye zviitiko zveparutivi avo vanobva kunyika dzisina zviwanikwa kazhinji vaive nezvinhu zvakanyanya, zvinogoneka, uye zvakakosha zvekukurukura.
• Tarisiro yedu ndeyekuona kumiririrwa kwakawanda, kubatanidzwa, uye chiito chinobva mukudyara kukuru mukuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa mugungwa, kumisa kubata hove kweIUU, nekudzivirira kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki.
• Isu tinotarisirawo kuona kumisa kana kumbomira paDSM mugore rinotevera.
• Kubatikana kwakasimba kwevatori vechikamu, uye kudyidzana kwakasimba uye kwakasimba nevaya vane chekuita kuchave kuri madikanwa kune vese vanopinda muUN Ocean Musangano kuti tiite zvese zvatinenge taronga kuita. KuTOF, zvinonyanya kujeka kuti basa ratiri kuita rinodiwa zvakanyanya.

'Gore regungwa' rinoenderera mberi neMangrove Congress yeAmerica muna Gumiguru, COP27 muna Mbudzi, uye UN Biodiversity Conference muna Zvita. Mukati meizvi nezvimwe zviitiko zvepasi rose, TOF inotarisira kuona uye kutsigira kufambira mberi kunoramba kuchiita kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti manzwi ekwete chete avo vane simba rekuita shanduko asiwo avo vanonyanya kukanganiswa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuparadzwa kwemakungwa anonzwika. Iyo inotevera UN Ocean Musangano ichaitika muna 2025.