Ocean Masumbu Anogona Kumhanyisa Kukura muAmerica Sustainable Blue Economy

Vanhu imhuka dzinogarisana nevamwe; tinobatsirwa kubva mukudyidzana nevamwe izvo zvinoita kuti pfungwa dzedu dzipe pfungwa itsva uye nekuwana nzira dzekugadzira dzingadai dzakaramba dzakavanzwa. Zvakadaro mumakore maviri apfuura, denda repasi rose rakaderedza zviitiko zvebasa remubatanidzwa kuita a de minimus level. Ikozvino, nyika painotanga kubuda, mikana yekubatana inotangwa kuti ivezve vatyairi vakakosha vekuvandudza, kubvumira mabhizinesi madiki nekutanga-up kuti vawane vanodyidzana vane hunyanzvi hweseti, kugadzira hupfumi hwechiyero, uye kubvumira vatsva vanopinda kukwikwidza. yakamisa hofori dzemakambani nenzira dzinogona kuzunza chimiro chiripo.

Sezvo takatarisana nedambudziko rekubatana, riripo rekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kuti chimiro chemubatanidzwa chiri kuda kuvhiringidzika. Imwe nzvimbo inogona kushanda seyakanyanya, isina kubatwa sosi yezvakagadzikana, inoremekedza nharaunda mhinduro ndiko kubuda kwe Blue Upfumi. Uye vanamuzvinabhizinesi vakatenderedza United States nepasirese pasi vari kupinda mune iwo mikana mumakombi ari kusimukira anozivikanwa seOcean kana BlueTech Clusters. Muna 2021, The Ocean Foundation yakaburitsa "The Blue Wave: Kuisa mari muBlueTech Clusters Kuchengeta Hutungamiri uye Kusimudzira Kukura Kwehupfumi uye Kusikwa Kwebasa.”. Chirevo ichi chinodonongodza maitiro ari kusimukira ekugadzira masangano emapoka akatarisana nekuvandudzwa kwechikamu chakakosha cheBlue Economy inoenderera muUnited States. 

Michael Porter, purofesa paHarvard Business School, akavaka basa rake pamusoro pekutaura kukosha kwakawedzerwa iyo geographic co-nzvimbo inotamba mukuvaka akakosha network ekusimudzira bhizinesi re symbiotic, uye anodana aya ecosystems ehupfumi "masango.” Mumakore achangopfuura, vatungamiriri vezvekuvandudza kwemakungwa vakagamuchira mubatanidzwa wemapoka uye vakawedzera kubatanidza dzidziso dzeBlue Economy uye vari kutora mukana weiyo katatu helix yebhizinesi, dzidzo, uye hurumende kukurudzira mikana yekusimudzira hupfumi. 

Ichiziva kuti "budiriro huru yese munhoroondo yanga iri simba rehunyanzvi hwemugungwa," Chirevo cheOcean Foundation chakadana United States "kutangisa dhizaini yeApollo 'Blue Wave Mission' yakatarisana nehunyanzvi hwekuita tekinoroji uye sevhisi yekusimudzira kushandiswa kwegungwa. uye zviwanikwa zvemvura yakachena.” 

Mumakore mashoma apfuura, hurumende yemubatanidzwa yakaita mamwe matanho ekutanga kutsigira masangano emumakungwa, kusanganisira kuburikidza neEconomic Development Administration's (EDA) “Vaka kuChikero” chirongwa cherubatsiro chaisanganisira Blue Economy senzvimbo yekutarisa.

Mwedzi wapera, Alaska Senator Lisa Murkowski akatora jasi iroro uye akaunza mutemo mutsva mukubatana naSen. Maria Cantwell (D, WA) uye mubatanidzwa wevanoshanda navo bipartisan kubva kumatunhu mana emahombekombe eUS. Bhiri iri raizoita kuti hurongwa uhu hwave kutodzika midzi munyika yose. Bhiri iroro, S. 3866, iyo Ocean Regional Opportunity uye Innovation Act ye2022, yaizopa kupindirana kwerutsigiro rwemubatanidzwa mumasangano emunyanza achangotanga munyika yose kuti akurudzire “tsvakiridzo yeruzivo rwemichina nebudiriro, kudzidziswa basa, uye kudyidzana kwezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana.” 

Tichitora mukana wetsaona yezvakaitika kare iyo yakatanga kumisa National Oceanic uye Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) muDhipatimendi reCommerce payakavambwa muna 1970 kwete iyo iri pachena Dhipatimendi Remukati memukati, bhiri rinoraira Secretary of Commerce kuti asarudze uye atsigire cluster. masangano mumatunhu manomwe enyika, kuronga bhizinesi acumen yeEDA uye NOAA hunyanzvi hwesainzi. Inobvumira mari yekutsigira mashandiro uye manejimendi pamwe nekumisikidzwa kwenzvimbo dzekushanda dzakakosha pakuvaka kudyidzana kwetransdisciplinary kwakakosha pakuona "yakakura kupfuura huwandu hwezvikamu" zvinogona kuitwa necluster modhi.

Ocean kana BlueTech Clusters ari kutotora midzi kutenderera nyika se iyi mepu yenyaya inoratidza "BlueTech Clusters of America" ​​inoratidza zvakajeka, uye kugona kwekusimudzira kweBlue Economy mudunhu rega rega kuri pachena. NOAA's Blue Economy Strategy Plan 2021-2025, rakaburitswa muna 2018, rakaona kuti “yakapa mari inosvika mabhiriyoni mazana matatu nemakumi manomwe nenhatu emadhora kumari inosvika mabhiriyoni emadhora, ichitsigira mabasa anodarika miriyoni 373, uye yakakura nekukurumidza kudarika hupfumi hwenyika hwakazara.” 

Nekugadzira mikana - nzvimbo dzemuviri kana network chaiyo yevanosimudzira vane pfungwa dzevagadziri uye mabhizinesi - masumbu anogona kuita basa rakakosha mukutora mukana uyu. Iyi modhi yakatoratidza kubudirira mune mamwe matunhu epasi, kunyanya muEurope uko mienzaniso muNorway, France, Spain, nePortugal yakasimudzira mari yehurumende mukukura kukuru muBlue Economy metrics. 

MuUnited States, tinoona mhando idzi dzichikura muPacific Northwest uko masangano akaita seMaritime Blue neAlaska Ocean Cluster akabatsirwa nerutsigiro rwakasimba rwebazi rehurumende kubva muzvirongwa zvose zvehurumende nehurumende. San Diego-based TMA BlueTech, yekutanga yekuUS yakagashira iyo innovation bhizinesi cluster modhi, inhengo-yakavakirwa-isina purofiti nemasangano ari kutora chikamu muUS nekune dzimwe nyika achibatsira kutsigira mari yekushandisa yesangano remubatanidzwa pacharo.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, senge New England Ocean Cluster yakavakirwa muPortland, Maine, sumbu iri rinoshanda zvakazara sesangano rekuita purofiti, zvichitevera purani yakagadzwa neIceland Ocean Cluster muReykjavik. Modhi yeIceland ndiyo pfungwa yeMuvambi wayo uye CEO, Thor Sigfusson. Sangano rake, rakavambwa makore gumi apfuura, rakavamba nechinangwa chekuwedzera kushandiswa kweiyo Iceland siginicha yezvokudya zvegungwa, cod. Muchikamu chikuru nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwakabuda kubva mukudyidzana musumbu, kushandiswa kwavepo yakawedzera kubva pa50% yehove kusvika pa80%, kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvekutengesa zvakadai sezvekudya, matehwe, biopharmaceuticals, uye zvigadzirwa zverunako kubva kune zvaimboonekwa semarara.

Sezvo hurumende yeUS iri kuramba ichitarisa kumasumbu emugungwa kuti isimbise hupfumi hwayo hweBlue, marudzi ese esangano remasumbu achawana nzvimbo yekukura mune chero nzira dzinonyanya kushanda uye dzakakodzera kumatunhu umo masangano anokura. Chii chichashanda muGulf yeMexico, semuenzaniso, uko indasitiri yemafuta uye gasi iri mutyairi mukuru wehupfumi uye kune nhoroondo refu yekudyara kwehurumende yemubatanidzwa, mhando yakasiyana ichadikanwa kupfuura muNew England ine maindasitiri mazhinji ari kurwira kuwana. kumberi kwemvura uye inosimudzira tech uye innovation hub muBoston neCambridge iyo yakabuda kuti iwedzere makore anopfuura mazana mana ekushanda nhoroondo yemvura. 

Nematanho akati wandei ari kuita nzira kuburikidza neyakazvimiririra yekudyara uye nekuvandudza kutarisisa kwehurumende, masumbu emakungwa akagadzirira kusimudzira kusimudzira kwemukana wehupfumi wakasimba muAmerica's Blue Economy. Sezvo nyika inopora kubva padenda uye ichitanga kutarisana nekukosha kwekuita kwemamiriro ekunze, vanove chishandiso chakakosha mukuchengetedza ramangwana repasi redu regungwa rinoshamisa. 

Michael Conathan iSenior Policy Fellow yeOcean uye Climate neAspen Institute's Energy & Environment Programme uye muongorori akazvimirira wegwara regungwa anoshanda kunze kweNew England Ocean Cluster muPortland, Maine.