Rwendo rweMutungamiriri weNyika, Pacific Islands

naMark J. Splading

Ndakagara pamberi peimwe hotera muLoreto, Baja California Sur, Mexico ndichiona shiri dzemafrigate nemapelicans dzichizvidyisa pakumhanya kwehove. Denga rakajeka rakajeka teal, uye Gungwa rakadzikama reCortez inoshamisa yakadzika yebhuruu. Kusvika kwemadekwana maviri ekupedzisira pano kwauya nekungoerekana kwaita makore, kutinhira uye kupenya pazvikomo zviri kuseri kweguta. Dutu rinopenya mugwenga rinogara riri imwe yezviratidzwa zvakanakisa zvechisikigo.

Rwendo urwu runoratidza kupera kwezhizha rekufamba, izvo zvinoita kunge zvinovimbisa kufungisisa kwemwedzi mitatu yapfuura. Mwaka wegungwa kwatiri muNorthern Hemisphere unogara wakabatikana kwatiri kuThe Ocean Foundation. Zhizha iri rakanga rakaitawo saizvozvo.

Ndakatanga zhizha muna Chivabvu muno muLoreto, uyezve ndakabatanidza California, pamwe neSt. Kitts neNevis munzendo dzangu. Uye neimwe nzira mumwedzi iwoyo takaitawo zviitiko zvedu zviviri zvekutanga kusuma TOF uye kuratidza vashoma vevatipa rubatsiro: muNew York, takanzwa kubva kuna Dr. Roger Payne, ane mukurumbira musainzi whale, uye muWashington, takabatanidzwa naJ. Nichols. wePro Peninsula, nyanzvi yekamba dzemugungwa ane mukurumbira, uye Indumathie Hewawasam, nyanzvi yemugungwa yeWorld Bank. Takatenda pazviitiko zviviri izvi kubatsira vabati vehove vekuAlaska, nhengo dzeAlaska Marine Conservation Council, pasi pechirongwa chayo che “Catch of the Season”. 

Muna Chikumi, takatsigira pamwe chete Musangano wekutanga weOcean Literacy muWashington DC. June zvakare yaisanganisira Capital Hill Oceans Week, yegore negore Fish Fest, uye rwendo kuenda kuWhite House kuti ive chikamu chemhemberero yekusikwa kweNorthwest Hawaiian Islands National Monument. Nokudaro pakavambwa nzvimbo hurusa yomugungwa munyika yose, inodzivirira zviuru zvemakiromita akaenzana ecoral reef nedzimwe nzvimbo dzinogara mugungwa uye musha wemazana mashomanene apfuura eHawaiian Monk Seals. Kuburikidza nevabatsiri vayo, The Ocean Foundation nevatsigiri vayo vakaita basa diki mukubatsira kusimudzira kuvambwa kwayo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, ndakanyanya kufara kuve paWhite House kuti ndione kusaina nevamwe veavo vakashanda nesimba uye kwenguva refu kwezuva rino.

Mwedzi waChikunguru wakatanga muAlaska nerwendo runokosha rweKenai Fjords National Park nevamwe vanopa mari, uye wakagumira muSouth Pacific. Vhiki muAlaska yakateverwa nerwendo kuenda kuCalifornia, uye kureba kusvika (kune avo vanoziva yavo Boeing 747s lore) kuAustralia neFiji. Ini ndichakuudza zvimwe nezvePacific Islands pazasi.

Nyamavhuvhu yaisanganisira Maine iri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa nokuda kweshanyo dzakati dziri mumhenderekedzo yegungwa neNew York City, kwandakaonana naBill Mott anotungamirira. Iyo Ocean Project uye chipangamazano wake Paul Boyle, mukuru weNew York Aquarium, kuti ataure nezve chirongwa chebasa chesangano rake iko zvino chave kuTOF. Zvino, kuuya kuzere denderedzwa, ndiri muLoreto kechina gore rino kuti vese vaenderere mberi nebasa reTOF's Loreto Bay Foundation Fund, asiwo kupemberera zuva rekuyeuka uye kutanga kutsva. Vhiki rino raisanganisira kurangarira kwegore regumi rekutanga kweLoreto Bay National Marine Park, asiwo mabiko ekutanga enzvimbo itsva yeLoreto yezvemhoteredzo (chirongwa chemubatsiri wedu, Grupo Ecologista Antares). Ndakavawo nemukana wekusangana nemaneja mutsva weInn paLoreto Bay, ane mhosva yekuita kuti hotera nemashandiro ayo zvirambe zviripo uye akagamuchira zvizere kukurudzira vashanyi kuti vatore chikamu nekuva vapi vehomwe yeThe Loreto Bay Foundation. Mumisangano nemeya, takakurukura zvimwe zvezvinhu zviri kuitika zvinokanganisa hutano hwenharaunda nemasangano ari kuumbwa kuti agadzirise: hutano hwevechidiki, kusimba, uye kudya kunovaka muviri (chirongwa chakakwana chesangano idzva renhabvu); doro uye zvimwe zvinodhaka (zvirongwa zvitsva zvekugara uye zvekunze zviri kuitika); uye kuvandudzwa kwechirongwa chedzidzo. Kugadzirisa nyaya idzi kwakakosha pakuita kuti nharaunda ibatane mukufunga kwenguva refu pamusoro pekushandiswa kwakasimba uye kutonga kwezviwanikwa zvedunhu izvo zvavanovimba nazvo.

Zvitsuwa zvePACIFIC

Zuva randakasvika muAustralia, Geoff Withycombe, Sachigaro weBoard of TOF anowana mubairo, Surfrider Foundation Australia, akanditora nokuda kwenhangemutange yemusangano, yakarongwa nomutoo unofunga naGeoff kushandisa zvizere nguva yangu pfupi muSydney. Takasangana nemasangano anotevera:

• Ocean Watch Australia, inyika yezvakatipoteredza, isingaite purofiti kambani inoshanda kuti iwane kusimba muindasitiri yezvegungwa reAustralia kuburikidza nekuchengetedza nekusimudzira nzvimbo dzinogara hove, kuvandudza mhando yemvura uye kuvaka hove dzakasimba kuburikidza nekuita-kwakavakirwa kudyidzana neindasitiri yezvegungwa reAustralia, hurumende. , mamaneja ezviwanikwa, bhizinesi rakazvimirira uye nharaunda (ine mahofisi ari muSydney Fish Markets!).  
• Environmental Defender's Office Ltd., inova isiri-ye-purofiti nharaunda yezvemitemo muzinda unonyanya kufarira veruzhinji mutemo wezvakatipoteredza. Inobatsira vanhu uye mapoka emunharaunda ari kushanda kuchengetedza zvisikwa uye zvakavakwa zvakatipoteredza. 
• Sydney Coastal Councils, iyo inotarisa pakuronga 12 Sydney nharaunda yemahombekombe enharaunda makanzuru achiedza kushanda pamwe chete kune inopindirana mahombekombe ekutonga zano. 
• A kuseri kwezviitiko kushanya uye kusangana kuOcean World Manly (iri yeSydney Aquarium, inova yeAttractions Sydney) uye Ocean World Conservation Foundation. 
• Uye, chokwadika, chigadziriso chakareba pabasa reSurfrider Australia kuvandudza mhando yemvura yemahombekombe, kuchenesa mabhichi, uye kudzivirira mazororo ekusevha nevashandi vanozvipira uye nekufarira kwakawanda.

Kuburikidza nemisangano iyi, ndakadzidza zvakawanda pamusoro penyaya dzekutonga kwemahombekombe muAustralia uye kuti utongi uye nzira dzekupa mari dzinoshanda sei. Nekuda kweizvozvo tinoona kuti nekufamba kwenguva kuchave nemikana yekutsigira mapoka aya nemamwe. Kunyanya, takaita sumo pakati paBill Mott weThe Ocean Project nevashandi veOcean World Manly. Panogona zvakare kuve nemukana wekuita basa nemapoka aya nenzira inofambirana neiyo portfolio yedu yemapurojekiti ane chekuita nekutengeserana kwehove dzemureef nezvimwe zvirongwa zvemureef. 

Zuva rakatevera racho, ndakakwira nendege kubva kuSydney kuenda kuNadi kumahombekombe ekumadokero kwechitsuwa cheViti Levu, Fiji paAir Pacific (Ndege yepasi rose yeFiji) yemhando yepamusoro yebasa rekufamba nendege kubva makore gumi kana kupfuura apfuura. Chii chinokurova pakutanga, uchisvika muFiji, ishiri. Ivo vari kwese kwese kwaunotarisa uye nziyo dzavo ndidzo ruzha paunenge uchifamba. Tichikwira tekisi kubva kunhandare yendege kuenda kuhotera, taifanira kumirira apo chitima chiduku chegeji chakanga chakaremerwa nenzimbe dzakachekwa chaitamburira kuyambuka suo rendege yenyika dzakawanda.

PaNadi's Tanoa International Hotel, imwe nzvimbo ye15 yemakore ekubuda yakakura iri kubuda kune rumwe rutivi rwekamuri, uye boka guru revanhu veAustralia vari kutarisa rugby pane imwe. Australia inoguma yachenesa wachi yeFiji, chinyadzo chenyika icho chinodzora mapepanhau kwechikamu chasara chokugara kwangu munyika. Mangwanani akatevera pakubhururuka kubva kuNadi kuenda kuSuva kumhenderekedzo yekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweViti Levu, ndege diki yakakwira pamusoro penzvimbo ine makomo - iyo yairatidzika kuva nevanhu vashoma uye, zvinosuruvarisa, miti. Mhenderekedzo dzegungwa dzakanyanya kuvandudzwa, hongu.

Ndakanga ndiri muSuva kuti ndipinde musangano wemazuva matatu, we10th Pacific Islands Round Table for Nature Conservation. Pakuenda kumusangano mangwanani oMuvhuro, muguta makazara basa, zvakasiyana nezvandakasvika musi weSvondo. Zviverengero zvisingaperi zvevana vari munzira kuenda kuchikoro. Vose vakapfeka yunifomu, mayunifomu anoratidza kuti chitendero chipi chinodzora chikoro chavo. Traffic yakawanda. Mabhazi akawanda asina mahwindo (ane machira epurasitiki emvura). Diesel fumes, makore uye soot. Asi zvakare mapindu akasvibira uye nzvimbo dzakasvibira.  

Musangano uri paSuva campus yeYunivhesiti yeSouth Pacific. Iwo mazaya anotambanuka ezvivakwa zvenguva ye1970s zvakavhurika kumhepo, zvine zvivharo munzvimbo dzingave girazi rehwindo. Kune nzira dzakafukidzwa dzinotungamira pakati pezvivakwa nemigero yakasarudzika uye migero yemvura inonaya. Nekukura kwehurongwa uhu, kunaya kwemvura munguva yekunaya kwemvura kunofanirwa kunge kuchishamisa zvikuru.

Iyo Roundtable ndiyo "uko kubatana kunosangana nekuita kwekuchengetedza kwakanaka" uye inotambirwa ne Nheyo yeVanhu veSouth Pacific International (FSPI) uye Yunivhesiti yeSouth Pacific (iyo ine nyika gumi nembiri dziri nhengo). Iyo Roundtable pachayo ndeye

• Kuzvipira kuva nhengo / kudyidzana (ine 24 nhengo). Chinangwa ndechekuona kuti vamiriri vanotumwa kumusangano vanogona kuita zvisungo.
• Boka rinoronga rinotsvaga kuitwa kweAction Strategy (kubvira 1985) - vanopa vanokumbirwa kupa mari mapurojekiti anoenderana neAction Strategy inosanganisira gumi nemasere zvinangwa zvemakore mashanu uye makumi manomwe nenomwe zvinangwa.

A Resolution kubva kuCook Islands Roundtable (2002) yakapa ongororo uye kugadzirisa kweAction Strategy. Pave nematambudziko ekuzvipira kwenhengo, kushaikwa kwemari, uye kushaya muridzi. Kugadzirisa izvi, mapoka ekushanda akagadzirwa kuti aparadzanise basa, atarise pane chiito. Pamusangano uyu, vapinda vanosanganisira vehurumende, vedzidzo, pamwe nevamiriri vemapoka ezvekuchengetedzwa kwenyika, matunhu nematunhu.

Kupfupisa nyaya huru dzePacific Island:

• Kuredza Hove: Pane kunetsana kukuru pakati pehove dzekudyara/dzemaoko nehove huru dzekutengesa (kunyanya tuna) dziri kunze kwenyika. Nepo European Union ichipa rubatsiro kuPacific Islands, Spain nguva pfupi yadarika yakabhadhara $600,000 chete yekuwana hove kusingagumi kuEEZ yekuSolomon Islands.  
• Coastal Habitat: Kusimukira kusingadzoreki kuri kuparadza matoro, mangrove uye coral reef. Nzvimbo dzekutandarira dzemumhenderekedzo yegungwa uye mahotera ari kurasira tsvina yavo kumahombekombe, sezvakaita nharaunda dzezvitsuwa zvakawanda kwezvizvarwa.
• Coral Reefs: Coral chinhu chiri mukutengeserana (chishongo chakawanda chekorari panhandare dzendege), asi zvakare ndicho chinhu chikuru chekugadzira migwagwa, kugadzira zvivharo zvekongiri zvekuvaka, uye inoshandiswa semidziyo yeporous yekusefa izvo zveimba septic system ipapo. vari. Nekuda kwekuparadzaniswa kwezvitsuwa izvi, zvimwe zvekushandisa uye mutengo wazvo wekunze zvinoita kuti kushandisa zviri pedyo nemaoko kazhinji kuve sarudzo chete.  
• Mari: Zvisinei nekutora chikamu nehwaro hwakazvimirira, mabhanga mazhinji ebudiriro, rubatsiro rwekunze kwenyika, uye zviwanikwa munyika, pane kushomeka kwemari yekupedzisa rudzi rwekudyara kwezvivakwa, kuita nharaunda, uye mamwe mapurojekiti angabatsira kuona hutungamiriri hwakasimba. yezviwanikwa izvo dzakawanda kwazvo dzenyika idzi dzinotsamira pazviri.

Musangano uyu wakaitwa kuburikidza nemapoka ezvidzidzo, ayo akapihwa basa rekuvandudza ruzivo rwemunhu wese pamusoro pemamiriro ekuzadzikiswa kwezvinangwa nezvinangwa zveAction Strategy. Zvizhinji zveizvi zvaive zvekugadzirira musangano unotevera wehurumende, uchaitika gore rinouya muPNG (apo Roundtables iri gore negore, hurumende yehurumende ndeyegore rechina).

Ndiri muFiji, ndakapedzawo nguva nevamiririri vevadzidzi vaviri veTOF kuti ndienderere mberi nebasa ravo munharaunda yacho. Yokutanga ndiyo tsvimbo ye Bishop Museum avo Living Archipelago project iri kushanda kunyora biota yezvitsuwa zvisina vanhu, uye shandisa ruzivo urwu kuisa pamberi, kutungamira uye kuzivisa kuedza kudzoreredza. Vanonzwawo kuti vari kufambira mberi muPapua New Guinea semugumisiro wepurojekiti yenguva refu iyo isingatarise nzvimbo dzinokosha dzekuchengetedza, asiwo inokoshesa pragmatic: kushanda chete nedzinza rinoda kushanda pakuchengetedza uye munyika dzaro chete. . Wechipiri TOF anopihwa ndeye SeaWeb, iyo ichangobva kutanga chirongwa cheAsia Pacific. Mumwe mubatsiri weTOF, CORAL, anoshandawo mudunhu iri uye takakwanisa kubvunza vamwe vevanoshanda navo veko.

Ndakasangana nevashandi vemamwe masangano akati wandei, mamwe acho anogona kuzova vanopihwa neTOF kana taita mamwe ongororo pamusoro pavo nebasa ravo. Izvi zvaisanganisira Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, The Nature Conservancy Pacific neAsia Programs, Cooperative Islands Initiative, Pacific Institute of Advanced Studies (muparidzi akanaka wepanzvimbo wemabhuku pamusoro penharaunda), Secretariat yePacific Region Environment Programme (sangano rehurumende. iyo inonetseka kurongedza zviito zvenyika dzePacific Region kuita zvibvumirano zvepasi rose zvezvakatipoteredza), Partners in Community Development (iyo ichangobva kutanga chirongwa chekusimudzira nharaunda kurima makorari kuti apihwe mvumo yekutengeswa kunze kwenyika), uye The Nature Conservancy's Pacific Island Nyika Chirongwa. .

Iyo Ocean Foundation nevashandi vayo vacharamba vachitsvaga mikana yekufananidza vanopa nemapurojekiti akanaka mudunhu rino, kumusha kune akawanda epasi rose ane hutano hwepasirese ecosystem, kunyangwe matambudziko akanyorwa pamusoro.  

Ndinokutendai nekuverenga.

Nokuda kwegungwa,

Mark J. Spalding
Mutungamiri, The Ocean Foundation