Puny Plastiki, Dambudziko rePaneti

Yedu 2016 Ocean Resolution #1:
Ngatiregei Kuwedzera kune Dambudziko

Gore ra2015 rakaunza kumwe kukunda kweramangwana rehukama hwedu nenyanza. Zvino isu tinotarisa kuna 2016 senguva apo isu tese tinotanga kufamba tichipfuura izvo zvinoburitswa zvenhau uye mukuita kongiri. Tinogona kuvadaidza vedu Zvisarudzo zveGore Idzva zveGungwa. 

Kana zvasvika kumarara emugungwa, hatigone kufamba nekukurumidza, asi tinofanira kuedza. Nekuda kwekushanda nesimba kwemapoka akati wandei kusanganisira iwo Plastic Pollution Coalition, 5 Gyres, uye Surfrider Foundation, United States House neSeneti dzakapasisa mutemo wega wega unorambidza kutengeswa kwezvinhu zvine ma microbeads. Makambani mazhinji, akadai saL'Oreal, Johnson & Johnson, uye Procter & Gamble, akange atozivisa chikamu chekubuda kwema microbeads mumitsara yechigadzirwa chavo, uye saka neimwe nzira, mutemo uyu unongoita kuti uve pamutemo.

"Chii chinonzi microbead?" Unogona kubvunza. "Uye ndeupi musiyano pakati pe microbeads uye microplastics?" Microbeads kutanga.

Microbead zvimedu zvidiki zvepurasitiki zvinoshandiswa seganda exfoliates mune zvakasiyana siyana zveganda uye bvudzi kuchengetedza zvigadzirwa. Kana dzasukwa, dzinoyangarara pasi padhiramu, idiki kwazvo kuti isasefa, uye nekudaro inogezera munzira dzemvura uye pakupedzisira mumadziva uye munyanza. Ikoko, vanonyudza muchetura uye kana hove kana shellfish vakazvidya, vanobvumira kuti muchetura upinde muhove uye shellfish, uye pakupedzisira kumhuka uye vanhu vanobata hove idzodzo. Pamusoro pezvo, mapurasitiki anogona kuungana mumatumbu emhuka dzemumvura, zvichiita kuti zviomere kuwana kudya kwadzinoda. The international "Rova Microbead" mushandirapamwe wakaunganidza masangano makumi manomwe nepfumbamwe munyika makumi matatu neshanu kuti ashande mukurambidza zviri pamutemo zvigadzirwa kugadzira sukurudza ma microbeads. Mushandirapamwe wakagadzira app kuti ikubatsire kusarudza zvigadzirwa zvisina microbead.

Uye microplastics? Microplastics ndiyo nguva yekubata-yese yezvimedu zvepurasitiki pasi pe5 mm mudhayamita. Kunyangwe izwi iri richangobva kuitika, kuvepo kwetudiki tudiki epurasitiki mukati megungwa rose kwave kuchizivikanwa kwenguva yakati. Kune mabviro mana makuru eaya mamicroplastics—1) microbeads anowanikwa mune zvemunhu uye zvigadzirwa zvekuchenesa sezvataurwa pamusoro; 2) kuparara kwezvimedu zvakakura zvemarara epurasitiki, kazhinji kubva kunzvimbo dzine nyika; 3) kuparara kwetsaona yepellets nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki kubva muchikepe kana fekitori kupinda mumvura; uye 4) kubva kune tsvina yesuweji uye imwe tsvina inofashukira.

Tese tiri kudzidza kuti kwatove nehombe yepurasitiki mugungwa uye dambudziko rakawanda kupfuura zvatakamboona. Pane mamwe mazinga, idambudziko rakakura. Tinofanira kutanga pane imwe nzvimbo-uye nzvimbo yekutanga ndeyekudzivirira.  

Kurambidzwa kwe microbead kutanga kwakanaka-uye tinokukurudzira kuti uzvirambidze kubva kumba kwako izvozvi. Ndizvo zviri kufamba kubva pamapurasitiki anoshandiswa kamwe chete, senge mashanga epurasitiki kana sirivha. Imwe mushandirapamwe, The Last Plastic Straw, rinokurudzira kuti kumbira maresitorendi aunofarira kuti akupe zvinwiwa zvisina mashanga kunze kwekunge wakumbirwa, ipa mashanga anoora, kana kuti uzvipe pamwe chete. Maguta akadai seMiami Beach akaita izvozvo chaizvo.  

Chekupedzisira, tsigira kuyedza kugadzirisa marara munharaunda yako kuitira kuti mapurasitiki arege kupera munzira dzedu dzemvura dzakagovaniswa. Mafashamo anotyisa achangobva kuitika uye mamiriro ekunze akaipa muSouth America, pakati peUSA, UK, nepakati peEurope zvakareva kurasikirwa nehupenyu, kutamiswa kwenharaunda, uye kukuvadzwa kunzvimbo dzenhoroondo uye dzehupfumi. Uye, zvinosuruvarisa, chikamu chemari inoenderera mberi ichava marara anosuka mumvura, kusanganisira zviuru zvemabhodhoro epurasitiki. Sezvo mamiriro ekunze achichinja nekushanduka, uye zviitiko zvemafashamu zvichiwanda, chinangwa ndechekuona kudzivirira kwedu mafashama zvakare chishandiso mukuchengeta plastiki kunze kwenzira dzedu dzemvura.

Mufananidzo 1: Joe Dowling, Sustainable Coastlines/Marine Photobank
Mufananidzo 2: Dieter Tracey/Marine Photobank
Mufananidzo 3: Ruremekedzo rweBeat the Microbead
Mufananidzo 4: Nekuda kweThe Last Plastic Straw