Kushandura kukurumidza kuita tekinoroji

NaMark J. Spalding, Mutungamiriri, The Ocean Foundation

Musi wa25 Gunyana 2014 ndakapinda chiitiko cheWendy Schmidt Ocean Health X-Prize paMonterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) muMonterey, California.
Iyezvino Wendy Schmidt Ocean Health X-Mubairo makwikwi epasirese emadhora mazana maviri anonetsa zvikwata kugadzira pH sensor tekinoroji iyo inokwanisika, nemazvo uye nemazvo kuyera kemikari yemugungwa-kwete chete nekuti gungwa rinenge 2 muzana yakawanda acidic kupfuura pakutanga shanduko yemaindasitiri, asi nekuti isu tinoziva zvakare kuti acidization yegungwa inogona kukwira munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzegungwa panguva dzakasiyana. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoreva kuti tinoda kutariswa kwakawanda, data rakawanda kuitira kuti tibatsire nharaunda dzemahombekombe uye nyika dzezvitsuwa kupindura mhedzisiro yegungwa acidization pakuchengetedza chikafu uye kugadzikana kwehupfumi. Kune mibairo miviri: $ 30 Accuracy award - kuburitsa yakanyanya kunyatso, yakagadzikana uye chaiyo pH sensor; uye $ 1,000,000 Affordability award - kugadzira isingadhuri, iri nyore kushandisa, yakarurama, yakagadzikana, uye chaiyo pH sensor.

Zvikwata gumi nezvisere zvakapinda muWendy Schmidt Ocean Health X-Prize vanobva kunyika nhanhatu uye gumi neimwe US ​​states; uye inomiririra zvikoro zvepamusoro zvepasi rose zveoceanography. Pamusoro pezvo, boka revachiri kuyaruka kubva kuSeaside, California rakacheka (18 zvikwata zvakaisa pekupinda, gumi nemasere chete ndivo vakasarudzwa kukwikwidza). Zvirongwa zvezvikwata izvi zvakatoongororwa lab kuOceanology International muLondon, uye zvino zvave mune inodzorwa tangi system kweinenge mwedzi mitatu yekuyedza kuenderana kwekuverenga kuMBARI muMonterey.

Tevere, ivo vanozoendeswa kuPuget Sound muPacific Northwest kweinenge mwedzi mina yekuyedzwa kwenyika chaiyo. Mushure meizvi, pachava nekuedzwa kwegungwa rakadzika (kune izvo zviridzwa zvinozviita kusvika kumafainari). Iyi bvunzo yekupedzisira ichave ngarava-yakavakirwa kunze kweHawaii uye ichaitwa pasi kusvika pakadzika senge 3000 metres (kana kungoti pasi pe1.9 mamaira). Chinangwa chemakwikwi ndechekutsvaga zviridzwa zvakanyatsorongeka, pamwe nezviri nyore kushandisa uye zvisingadhure kuendesa sisitimu. Uye, hongu, zvinokwanisika kuhwina mibairo miviri.

Iko kuyedzwa mulabhu, iyo MBARI tangi, Pacific Northwest, uye muHawaii inoitirwa kusimbisa tekinoroji iyo zvikwata gumi nemasere zvanga zvichigadzira. Vanopinda/vakwikwidzi vari kubatsirwawo nekuvaka kugona mukuita mabhizinesi uye mubairo weposvo wekubatanidza kune indasitiri. Izvi zvinozopedzisira zvinosanganisira kubatana kwakananga kune vangangove vanoisa mari kuti vatore inokunda sensor zvigadzirwa kumusika.

Kune akati wandei evatengi vekambani yetekinoroji uye vamwe vanofarira tekinoroji inosanganisira Teledyne, masangano ekutsvagisa, United States Geological Survey, pamwe nemakambani ekutarisa emafuta negasi (kuitira kutsvaga kuvuza). Zviripachena, zvichavewo zvakakosha kune indasitiri yehove uye indasitiri yehove dzakabatwa musango nekuti pH yese yakakosha kuhutano hwavo.

Chinangwa chemubairo wakazara ndechekuwana zvirinani uye zvisingadhure masensa kuitira kuwedzera nzvimbo yekutarisa uye kusanganisira yakadzika-gungwa uye yakanyanyisa nzvimbo dzepasi. Zviripachena ibasa rakakura mune logistics kuyedza ese aya zviridzwa uye zvichave zvinonakidza kuona mhedzisiro. Isu veThe Ocean Foundation tine tarisiro yekuti izvi zvinokurudzira zvekuvandudza tekinoroji zvichabvumira Shamwari dzedu dzeGlobal Ocean Acidification Observing Network kuwana ma sensors anodhura uye akakwana ekuwedzera kuvharika kweiyo network yepasi rose uye kuvaka hwaro hweruzivo rwekugadzira mhinduro nenguva uye kudzikisira. mazano.

Masayendisiti akati wandei (kubva kuMBARI, UC Santa Cruz, Stanford's Hopkins Marine Station, neMonterey Bay Aquarium) pachiitiko ichi akacherechedza kuti acidification yegungwa yakaita semeteor yakananga pasi. Hatikwanise kunonoka kuita kusvika zvidzidzo zvenguva refu zvakwana uye zvaendeswa kumagazini anoongororwa nevezera kuti azoburitswa. Isu tinofanirwa kumhanyisa nhanho yekutsvagisa pamberi penzvimbo yekumisikidza munyanza yedu. Wendy Schmidt, Monterey Bay Aquarium's Julie Packard uye Mumiriri weUS Sam Farr vakasimbisa pfungwa iyi yakaoma. Uyu X-Mubairo wegungwa unotarisirwa kuburitsa mhinduro dzinokurumidza.

Mubairo uyu wakaitirwa kukurudzira hunyanzvi. Tinoda budiriro inogonesa mhinduro kudambudziko rekukurumidzira reiyo acidization yegungwa, nezvakasiyana-siyana uye nemikana yemhinduro dzemunharaunda-kana tichiziva kuti zviri kuitika. Mubairo neimwe nzira inzira yeruzhinji yekutsvaga mhinduro kune dambudziko rekuyera kupi uye kuti ingani kemikari yegungwa iri kuchinja. "Nemamwe mazwi, tiri kutsvaga kudzoka kwemhando yekudyara," akadaro Wendy Schmidt. Zvinotarisirwa kuti mubairo uyu uchave nevakunda vawo panosvika Chikunguru 2015.

Uye, munguva pfupi ichave nemamwe matatu egungwa hutano X mibairo inouya. Sezvo isu taive chikamu che "Ocean Big Funga" mhinduro dzekugadzirisa musangano paX-Prize Foundation munaJune wapfuura muLos Angeles, zvichave zvinonakidza kuona izvo timu paX-Prize Foundation inosarudza kukurudzira inotevera.