Tsunami Plus 10: Chiratidzo cheKusimba, Tariro, uye Kudzoreredza

NaMark J. Spalding

Kutanga kwemwedzi uno, Fred Pearce akanyora chidimbu chakanakisa Yale 360 nezvenhamburiko dzokudzorera pamhenderekedzo yeSumatra zvichitevera kudengenyeka kwenyika kukuru uye tsunami inoparadza iyo yakateverwa neBoxing Day 2004.  

Hondo ine simba yakatsvaira mazana emamaira, ichibata nyika gumi neina, nekuipisisa kukuvara kunoitika muThailand, Indonesia, India, neSri Lanka. Vanhu vanoda kusvika 300,000 XNUMX vakafa.  Mamwe mazana ezviuru akadzingwa. Zviuru zvenzanga zvaive munyama, mupfungwa, uye kuparara kwemari. Zviwanikwa zvepasi rose zvekubatsira vanhu zvaive rakatambanudzwa kuti rizadzise zvinodikanwa zvevakawanda munzvimbo dzakawanda kudaro mhiri kwakafara kudaro jogirafi-kunyanya sezvo mahombekombe egungwa akadhirowewa zvachose uye ekare nyika dzokurima dzakanga dzava rutivi rwepasi pegungwa.

Nguva pfupi yapfuura zuva rakaipa iroro, ndakagamuchira chikumbiro kubva kuna Dr. Greg Stone uyo panguva iyoyo akanga ari kuNew England Aquarium ichikumbira The Ocean Foundation kuti itsigire imwe mhando yemhinduro.  Sangano redu idzva ringabatsira here nemari yekutsvagisa ongororo yekuona kana nharaunda dziri mumhenderekedzo yegungwa nedzimwe nzvimbo dzine masango emiti yemikoko ane utano dzakanga dzaita zviri nani Zvakazoitika pashure petsunami kupfuura vaya vakanga vasina? Nekuda donor uye vamwe vedu tsunami mari yekukurumidzira, takapa rubatsiro rudiki kubatsira kutsigira rwendo. Dr. Stone uye masayendisiti biyake akaratidzira kuva akarurama—gadziriro dzemhenderekedzo dzegungwa dzine utano, zvikurukuru mangrove masango, aidzivirira nharaunda nenzvimbo dziri shure kwavo. Uyezve, iyo nzvimbo idzo kurima shrimp kana kusimukira zvisina kuchenjera kwakaparadza masango anovharira, kukuvadzwa kwevanhu nenzanga dzezviwanikwa kwakanga kwakaipa zvikuru—kunonotsa kupora zvekubata hove, kurima, nemamwe mabasa.

Oxfam Novib nemamwe masangano akabatana kubatanidza kudyara zvakare nerubatsiro rwevanhu.  Uye zvakazoitika kuti vaifanira kuchinjika munzira yavo - mumashure menjodzi, iyo zvakanga zvakaomera nharaunda dzakaparadzwa kuti dzitarise pakudyara kuitira dziviriro yeramangwana, nezvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvakabudawo. Hazvina maturo kutaura, 30-foot wave inofamba yakawanda yejecha, tsvina, uye marara. Izvi zvaireva kuti mikoko yaigona uye yadyarwa paive nemadhaka akanyorova pokugara kuita kudaro. Uko jecha rakanga rava kutonga zvino, mimwe miti nemiti zvakadyarwa shure kwaro zvakava pachena kuti mikoko haichagarimo. Zvakadaro mimwe miti nemakwenzi zvaivepo akadyarwa kumusoro kubva kune avo.

Makore gumi gare gare, kune masango madiki emahombekombe eSumatra uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo muSumatra tsunami impact zone. Musanganiswa wemicro-finance, subsidy, uye budiriro inooneka yakabatsira kurudzira nharaunda kuti dzibatane zvizere sezvavaiona kubata hove nezvimwe zviwanikwa kumuka in midzi yemiti yemimango. Kuda huswa hwegungwa mafuro nemachakwi emahombekombe, masango emango kwete kungochengeta hove, magakanje, nedzimwe mhuka, dzinochengetawo kabhoni. Zvizhinji uye zvakawanda zvidzidzo kubva kuGulf yeMexico kusvika kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweUnited States zvakasimbisa kukosha kwe ane hutano masisitimu emumhenderekedzo yegungwa kutakura kutyisa kwemadutu nemvura inoputika, ichideredza mhedzisiro yayo nharaunda dzemahombekombe uye zvivakwa. 

Kufanana nevakawanda vandinoshanda navo, ndinoda kutenda kuti chidzidzo ichi chekuchengetedzwa kwemahombekombe chinogona iva chikamu chemafungiro atinoita mazuva ese, kwete mushure menjodzi. Ndinoda kutenda rinhi tinoona madhaka ane hutano uye oyster reef, tinotenda kuti ndiyo inishuwarenzi yedu panjodzi. Ndinoda kutenda kuti tinogona kunzwisisa kuti tingavandudza sei kuchengetedzwa kwenharaunda dzedu, kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu, uye hutano hwedu hweramangwana kuburikidza nekuchengetedza nekudzorera yedu huswa hwegungwa mafuro, madhaka emahombekombe, uye mangrove.

Mufananidzo wechikwereti: AusAID / Flickr, Yuichi Nishimura / Hokkaido University)