Duufaanta Harvey: Daadadka Korka, Biyaha Hoose

"Halkee ka timid?"

"Houston, Texas."

“Alla wanaaggayga. Waan ka xumahay. reerkaagu waa sidee?

“Wanaagsan. Wax walba si fiican ayey u dhammaatay.”

Hooyo Houstonian ah oo ugu yeedhay guriga Houston noloshayda oo dhan (gaaban), waxaan ku noolaa Allison, Rita, Katrina, Ike, iyo hadda Harvey. Laga soo bilaabo gurigayaga ku yaal dhinaca galbeed ee Houston, maanaan aqoon u lahayn daad. Guud ahaan, xaafaddeennu waxay daadadaan sannadkii hal mar qiyaastii hal maalin, inta badan waxay dhacaan xilliga gu'ga.

Deris ayaa si nasasho leh ugu boodboodaya doomaha inta lagu jiro maalinta cashuurta daadku banaanka gurigayaga Abriil 18, 2016.

Hase yeeshee, qofna ma saadaaliyay duufaanta Harvey oo si adag u garaacday sida ay samaysay. Inta badan burburkii Harvey kaga tagay Texas way ka yaraatay duufaantii dhabta ahayd, iyo in badan oo ku saabsan roobab mahiigaan ah oo la socday. Duufaantan tartiib-tartiib ah u socota ayaa dul heehaabaysay Houston dhowr maalmood, iyadoo daadisay xaddi badan oo biyo ah muddo dheer. Roobabka ka dhashay ayaa hareeyay magaalada afraad ee ugu weyn Mareykanka iyo gobolada deriska la ah iyadoo wadartoodu tahay 33 trillion oo gallon oo biyo ah.¹ Ugu dambeyntii, biyahaas intooda badan waxay dib ugu noqdeen halkii ay ka yimaadeen ee badda.² Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay wateen xaddi badan oo wasakh ah, oo ay ku jiraan kiimikooyin ka soo baxay sifaynta daadku, bakteeriyada sunta ah, iyo qashinka lagaga tagay waddooyinka.³

Sida laga soo xigtay Adeegga Cimilada Qaranka, dhinacayga magaalada ayaa helay inta u dhaxaysa 30 ilaa 40 inji oo roob ah. ¹⁰

Dhulka qoyan ee xeebaha Gacanka ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa difaacayada ugu horreeya ee ka hortagga duufaannada, laakiin iyaga, iyo nafteena, waxaan gelinaa, khatarta marka aan ku guuldareysano inaan ilaalino.⁴ Tusaale ahaan, waxaa laga yaabaa inaan ku guuleysan weyno inaan difaacno dhulalka qoyan ee xeebaha ah, taa beddelkeedana aan uga tagno in la dumiyo si aan u samayno hab dhismo ah oo u muuqan kara faa'iido badan marka loo eego ka tagista dhulka qoyan si aan uga ilaalinno duufaan mustaqbalka ah. Sidoo kale, dhulka qoyan ee xeebaha caafimaadka leh ayaa sidoo kale sifeeya biyaha ka socda dhulka, iyagoo yareynaya waxyeelada badda.

Biyaha sare ee qulqulaya Gacanka Mexico. ¹¹

Nidaamka difaaca xeebaha waxaa waxyeeleyn kara arrimo kale oo deegaanka waxyeelo u geysta, sida roobabka biyaha macaan ee ka da'aya Hurricane Harvey. Biyaha roobka ayaa hoos uga qulqula dooxada Houston ee u gudba Gacanka Meksiko, si la mid ah saddex-meelood laba meelood biyaha macaan ee Maraykanka.⁵ Xitaa hadda, biyaha macaan ee Harvey hoos u dhigay ayaa weli si buuxda ugu milmin biyaha cusbada Gacanka.⁶ Nasiib wanaag, inkasta oo qiyamka milixdu hooseeyo ee lagu diiwaangeliyey Gacanka taas oo ka dhalatay "Biyaha cusub ee biyaha", ma jiraan wax diiwaan-gelin ah oo la sameeyay oo kudhintay hareeraha shacaab, taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay jihada ay biyahani uga soo qulqulayaan deegaankan. Waxaa jiray dukumeenti yar oo ku saabsan waxa laga yaabo in laga helo sunta cusub ee laga heli karo aagagga u dhow xeebaha iyo dhulalka qoyan, oo looga tagay markii daadadku ay hoos ugu dhaceen Khaliijka.

Sediments ka Hurricane Harvey.¹²

Guud ahaan, Houston waxay la kulantay daadad aad u daran sababtoo ah magaaladu waxay ku dhisnayd meel daad fidsan. Muddo ka dib, balaadhinta magaalooyinka iyo la'aanta qawaaniinta aagagga waxay sii kordhinaysaa halista fatahaada maadaama waddooyinka laamiyada ah ee laamigu ay beddeleen dhul-daaqsimeedka iyadoon loo eegin cawaaqibka fidinta magaalooyinka ee aan la xakameynin.⁷ Tusaale ahaan, oo ku yaal meel waxyar u jirta labada Addicks iyo Barker Reservoirs, xaafaddeennu waxay la kulantay daadad daba dheeraaday sababtoo ah heerarka biyuhu waxay ahaayeen kuwo fadhiid ah. Si loo hubiyo in faras-magaalaha Houston aysan daadad ka bixin, saraakiishu waxay si badheedh ah u doorteen in la sii daayo albaabada gacanta ku haya kaydadka kaydka ah, taas oo keentay daadad guryo ah oo aan markii hore la filaynin in ay ku fatahaan Galbeedka Houston.⁸ Qalabka adag sida asphalt iyo shubka waxay u janjeeraan inay daadiyaan biyaha halkii ay ka nuugi lahaayeen, sidaa darteed biyuhu waxay ku soo urureen waddooyinka kadibna waxay heleen marinka Gacanka Mexico.

(Maalinta 4) Baabuur deris ah, mid ka mid ah ilaa hal milyan oo daadad ku qaaday magaalada. ¹³

Dhanka kale, waxaan ku qaadanay in ka badan hal usbuuc gurigayaga. Ilaalada Xeebta iyo doonyaha iskaa wax u qabso ah ayaa inta badan ku soo qulqula oo wayddiin doona haddii aanu u baahanahay samatabbixin ama sahay inta aanu gudaha joognay. Derisyo kale ayaa u baxay cawskooda hore oo waxay ku soo laadlaadiyeen geedahooda maryo cadcad si ay u noqoto calaamad ay jeclaan lahaayeen in la badbaadiyo. Markay biyuhu gureen maalintii tobnaad ee dhacdadan 1,000 sano ee daadka⁹ waxaana ugu dambeyntii noo suurta gashay in aan banaanka u soo baxno innagoo aan dhex marin biyaha, qasaaraha ka dhashay ayaa ahaa mid aad loola yaabay. Urka bulaacada ceeriin ayaa meel walba yaal, qashinka ayaa daadsan laamiga. Kalluun dhintay ayaa yaalla waddooyinka shubka ah, waxaana waddooyinka taagan baabuur laga tagay.

(Maalinta 5) Waxaan isticmaalnay ul si aan u muujinno sida ay biyuhu kor ugu kacayaan.

Maalin kadib markii aan xor u ahayn in aan bannaanka dhex mushaaxno, aniga iyo qoyskayga waxa naloo qorsheeyay in aan u duulno Minnesota si aanu ugu aadno Toddobaadka Ardayga Cusub ee Carleton College. Intaan kumannaan cagood cirka kor ugu qaadnay, waa aan is celin kari waayay oo aan ka fikiray sida aan uga mid nahay kuwa nasiibka leh. Gurigayagu wuxuu ahaa mid qallalan, nolosheenana khatar lama gelin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma garanayo sida aan nasiib u yeelan doono marka xigta ee mas'uuliyiinta magaaladu ay go'aansadaan in ay fududahay in la daadiyo xaafadeena intii aan samayno dib u dhiska difaacayada.

Hal shay oo igu dhegay ayaa ahayd markii aabbahay lixdan jir ahaa igu yidhi, "Hagaag, waan ku faraxsanahay inaanan mar dambe arki doonin wax sidan oo kale ah inta aan noolahay."

Taas oo aan ugu jawaabay, "Ma garanayo taas, Aabe."

"Ma u malaynaysaa?"

"Waan ogahay sidaas."

(Maalinta 6) Aniga iyo aabahay waxa aanu dhex marnay biyaha si aanu u gaarno kaalin shidaal oo ku taal meel waddo ah. Waxaan codsanay in aan guriga ku soo laabano doon, waxaanan qabsaday muuqaalkan quruxda badan.

Andrew Farias waa xubin ka mid ah fasalka 2021 ee Carleton College, kaas oo hadda ku dhammaystay tababar shaqo gudaha Washington, DC

¹https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2017/08/30/harvey-has-unloaded-24-5-trillion-gallons-of-water-on-texas-and-louisiana/?utm_term=.7513293a929b
²https://www.popsci.com/where-does-flood-water-go#page-5
³http://www.galvbay.org/news/how-has-harvey-impacted-water-quality/
⁴https://oceanfdn.org/blog/coastal-ecosystems-are-our-first-line-defense-against-hurricanes
⁵https://www.dallasnews.com/news/harvey/2017/09/07/hurricane-harveys-floodwaters-harm-coral-reefs-gulf-mexico
⁶http://stormwater.wef.org/2017/12/gulf-mexico-researchers-examine-effects-hurricane-harvey-floodwaters/
⁷https://qz.com/1064364/hurricane-harvey-houstons-flooding-made-worse-by-unchecked-urban-development-and-wetland-destruction/
⁸https://www.houstoniamag.com/articles/2017/10/16/barker-addicks-reservoirs-release-west-houston-memorial-energy-corridor-hurricane-harvey
⁹https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2017/08/31/harvey-is-a-1000-year-flood-event-unprecedented-in-scale/?utm_term=.d3639e421c3a#comments
¹⁰ https://weather.com/storms/hurricane/news/tropical-storm-harvey-forecast-texas-louisiana-arkansas
¹¹ https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/aug/29/houston-area-impacted-hurricane-harvey-visual-guide
¹² https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=90866