Iblogi yeeNdwendwe evela kwi-Shark Advocates

IShark Advocates International (SAI) inochulumanco ngokuqalisa unyaka wethu wesibini opheleleyo njengeprojekthi yeThe Ocean Foundation (TOF). Enkosi kwi-TOF, sikulungele ukuqinisa iinzame zethu zokukhusela ookrebe kunye nemitha ngo-2012. 

Sakha phezu kweempumelelo ezininzi ezinomvuzo apho siye sadlala indima ngo-2011, kubandakanywa ukhuseleko lwe-manta ray phantsi kweNgqungquthela yeZilwanyana eziFudukayo, amanyathelo okuqala olondolozo lwezizwe ngezizwe kookrebe be-Atlantic silky, inciphe kakhulu isabelo samazwe ngamazwe sokutyibiliza kuMntla-ntshona we-Atlantic Ocean. , ukukhuselwa kumazwe ngamazwe kookrebe abamhlophe kwiMpuma yeTropiki yePasifiki, nokukhuselwa kweeporbeagle sharks kwiMeditera.

Iinyanga ezizayo zikwazisa namathuba amaninzi okuphucula imeko yolondolozo kookrebe kunye nemitha yelanga. I-SAI iza kujolisa kwiinzame zentsebenziswano ukuthintela ukuloba ngokugqithisileyo, urhwebo olungagcinekiyo, kunye nokufakwa kweentlanti ngeendidi zasekuhlaleni, zengingqi nehlabathi. 

Ngokomzekelo, u-2012 uya kuba ngunyaka omkhulu wolondolozo lweehammerheads, phakathi kwabona basengozini kakhulu kookrebe abafudukayo. Ezijolise ekomelezeni imida ye-hammerhead yase-US, ndiza kuqhubeka ndithatha inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zeNkonzo yeSizwe yezokuLoba eLwandle (i-NMFS) iPhaneli yeeNgcebiso zeZilwanyana eziFuduka kakhulu apho ukhetho lukarhulumente lokwakha ngokutsha abantu be-hammerhead luya kuphuhliswa kulo nyaka. I-SAI icele ukuba ihammerhead sharks (ezigudileyo, eziqhekeziweyo, nezinkulu) ukuba zongezwe kuluhlu lwezilwanyana ezithintelweyo (okuthetha ukuthi ukuba nezinto azivumelekanga). Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yokuba ii-hammerheads ziintlobo ezibuthathaka kakhulu kwaye zidla ngokufa ngokulula kwaye ngokukhawuleza xa zibanjiwe, kunyanzelekile ukuba amanye amanyathelo aphandwe kwaye aphunyezwe ukuthintela ukubanjwa kwe-hammerhead kwindawo yokuqala, kunye nokuphucula amathuba abanjwe kwaye akhululwe. ihamile iyasinda.

IiHammerheads nazo zenza abagqatswa abalungileyo ukuba badweliswe phantsi kweNgqungquthela yoRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe ngeZilwanyana eziseMngciphekweni (CITES) ngenxa yokuba amaphiko ezi ntlobo zezilwanyana axatyiswe kakhulu kwaye athengiswa kwihlabathi jikelele ukuze asetyenziswe kwisuphu yephiko likakrebe. I-US iphuhlise isiphakamiso soluhlu lwe-hammerhead (ejoliswe ekuphuculeni ukulandelwa korhwebo lwe-hammerhead yamazwe ngamazwe) kwinkomfa yokugqibela ye-CITES ngo-2010, kodwa ayizange iphumelele i-2/3 yesininzi seevoti ezivela kwamanye amazwe ezifunekayo ukuze zamkelwe. I-SAI ibisebenzisana neProjekthi i-AWARE Foundation ukukhuthaza urhulumente wase-US ukuba aqhubeke neenzame zokunqanda urhwebo lwe-hammerhead ngesiphakamiso senkomfa ye-CITES ka-2013. I-SAI izakusebenzisa amathuba ahlukeneyo azayo ukuze ihlomle ngezinto eziphambili zase-US kwizindululo zeCITES, iqaqambisa ingxaki yeehammerheads kunye nezinye iintlobo zokrebe. Izigqibo zokugqibela malunga nezindululo zase-US ze-CITES zilindeleke ekupheleni konyaka. Ukongeza, siza kusebenzisana namaqela ahlukeneyo olondolozo lwendalo ukukhuthaza i-CITES yokudwelisa izindululo ezisuka kwamanye amazwe zezinye izilwanyana ezisengozini, ekurhweba ngazo kakhulu ezifana ne-spiny dogfish kunye ne-porbeagle sharks.

Kulo nyaka kwakhona kuza kuzisa amadabi okugqibela kumlo omde wokuqinisa iManyano yaseYurophu (i-EU) isithintelo sokunqunyulwa kweephiko likakrebe (ukunqunqa amaphiko kakrebe kunye nokulahlwa komzimba elwandle). Kungoku nje umthetho we-EU uvumela abalobi abavumelekileyo ukuba basuse amaphiko ookrebe elwandle baze bawabeke ngokwahlukileyo kwimizimba yookrebe. Ezi kroba ziphazamisana ngokumandla ukunyanzeliswa kokuvalwa kwe-EU kwaye zibeka umgangatho ombi kwamanye amazwe. I-SAI isebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nemanyano yeShark Alliance ukukhuthaza abaphathiswa bezokuloba e-EU kunye namalungu ePalamente yaseYurophu ukuba bamkele isindululo seKomishoni yaseYurophu yokufuna ukuba bonke ookrebe babekwe phantsi kunye neempiko zabo. Esele ikho kuninzi lwamashishini okuloba ase-US nakuMbindi Merika, le mfuneko yeyona ndlela yokuphela kokusilela ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ookrebe abaphoswanga; kusenokukhokelela kulwazi olungcono malunga neentlobo zookrebe ezithathiweyo (kuba ookrebe babonakala ngokulula kwinqanaba lezilwanyana xa besenamaphiko abo). Uninzi lwamazwe angamaLungu e-EU sele ekwalela ukususwa kwephiko likakrebe elwandle, kodwa iSpain nePortugal - amazwe amakhulu aloba ookrebe - aqinisekile ukuba azakuqhubeka nomlo olungileyo ukugcina ngaphandle. Umthetho othi "fins attached" kwi-EU ungawaphucula amathuba okuphumelela kwiinzame zase-US zokuqinisa ukuvalwa kwe-finning international ngale ndlela kwaye ke ngoko unokunceda ookrebe kwihlabathi jikelele.

Kufuphi nekhaya, i-SAI ikhula ngokuxhalaba kwaye isebenza ngokuphathelene nokukhula kunye nokuloba okungalawulwayo kwee-“dogfish ezigudileyo” (okanye “ihound egudileyo) ookrebe abasuka kuMbindi-Atlantiki. I-dogfish egudileyo kuphela kweentlobo ze-US Atlantic shark ekujoliswe kuzo ngaphandle kwemida yokuloba iyonke. Ngokungafaniyo nabanye ookrebe abalobela urhwebo kummandla, i-dogfish egudileyo nayo isekumxholo wovavanyo lwabemi onokuthi umisele amanqanaba okubanjiswa okukhuselekileyo. Abaphathi bombuso we-Atlantic baye barhoxa kwizicwangciso zokunqanda ukubanjiswa kweentlanzi emva kokuba ishishini lokuloba lichasile. Imida yokuqala yomanyano lokuphelisa ushishino yayicwangciselwe ukusebenza kule nyanga, kodwa iye yamiswa ngenxa yokulibaziseka ekuphumezeni uMthetho woLondolozo kookrebe, oquka ulwimi olunokukhokelela ngaphandle kwi-dogfish egudileyo. Okwangoku, ukuhlala kwee-dogfish ezigudileyo kuyanda kwaye abalobi bafuna ukuba nayiphi na imida yexesha elizayo inyuswe ngaphaya koko bekuvunyelwene ngako ngaphambili. I-SAI iya kuqhubeka iphakamisa iinkxalabo zethu kubaphathi boshishino lokuloba kurhulumente nakumanyano ngenjongo ekhawulezileyo yezithintelo ezisisiseko zokubambisa ngelixa kuhlolwa inani labantu.

Olunye uhlobo olusesichengeni kuMbindi-Atlantiki oluxhalabisayo kwi-SAI yiray yenkomo. Esi sihlobo sisondeleyo sookrebe singumxholo wephulo loshishino lokutya kwaselwandle olwaziwa ngokuba yi "Eat a Ray, Save the Bay" ethatha imali kumabango enzululwazi aphikisanayo athi i-US Atlantic cownose ray iqhume kwaye ibeka isoyikiso kwiintlobo ezibaluleke ngakumbi, ezinje. njenge-scallops kunye neembatyisi. Abaxhasi bezokuloba baye baqinisekisa abaninzi ukuba ukutya i-cownose (okanye "i-Chesapeake") ray akuyona nje into entsha ezinzileyo, kodwa kunye noxanduva lokusingqongileyo. Enyanisweni, imitha yenkomo idla ngokuzala injana enye ngonyaka, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sesichengeni sokulotywa ngokugqithisileyo kwaye icothe ukuchacha xa sele iphelile, kwaye akukho mida ekulotyweni kwemitha yenkomo. Ngelixa oogxa bezenzululwazi basebenzela ukuchasa isifundo esakhokelela kwiingcamango ezininzi eziphosakeleyo malunga nemisebe yenkomo, i-SAI igxile ekufundiseni abathengisi, abaphathi, kunye noluntu malunga nokuba sengozini kwesilwanyana kunye nesidingo esiphuthumayo sokulawula.

Okokugqibela, i-SAI ibandakanyeka kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ejolise ekufundeni nasekunciphiseni ukuthathwa kwengozi (okanye "i-bycatch") kookrebe abasesichengeni kunye nemitha, efana ne-sawfish, i-oceanic whitetips, kunye nemitha ye-manta. Ndithatha inxaxheba kwiikomiti ezininzi kunye namaqela asebenzayo asebenza njengamathuba amahle okuxoxa ngemiba ecinezelayo yokubambisa kunye noosonzululwazi, abaphathi bezokuloba, kunye nabalondolozi bendalo abavela kwihlabathi liphela. Umzekelo, ndiyazingca ngokuba lilungu elitsha le-International Seafood Sustainability Foundation's Environmental Stakeholder Committee endinokuthi ngayo ndikhuthaze inkxaso yokuphuculwa okuthe ngqo kwimigaqo-nkqubo yamazwe ngamazwe yokuloba kookrebe kumaqumrhu ohlukeneyo olawulo lwengingqi yokuloba ityhuna. Ndihleli ndililungu ekudala lililungu leQela lase-US lokuBuyisela iSawfish iSmalltooth Sawfish, phakathi kwezinye izinto, elijolise ekulinganiseni nasekunciphiseni ukubanjiswa kweesawfish kushishino lokuloba ishrimps e-US. Kulo nyaka, amalungu eqela le-sawfish aza kujoyina ezinye iingcaphephe zeManyano yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoLondolozo lweNdalo yeeNgcali zeShark ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sokusebenza sehlabathi solondolozo lwesarha.   

I-SAI iyawabulela amathuba urhulumente wase-US awanika abalondolozi bendalo kunye nabanye abachaphazelekayo ukuba baxoxe kwaye bancede ekuqulunqweni kwemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe neyehlabathi yookrebe nemitha. Ndiyathemba ukuqhubeka nokusebenza kwiikomiti zeengcebiso zase-US kunye nabathunywa kwiintlanganiso zamazwe ngamazwe zamazwe ngamazwe zokuloba. I-SAI iceba ukuqhubeka nokusebenza ngokusondeleyo nabalingane beProjekthi ye-AWARE Foundation, i-Wildlife Conservation Society, i-Shark Trust, i-World Wildlife Fund, i-Conservation International, i-Humane Society, i-Ocean Conservancy, kunye ne-TRAFFIC, kunye nososayensi abavela kwi-American Elasmobranch Society kunye ne-European Elasmobranch. Umbutho. Sihlala sibulela kakhulu ngenkxaso yesisa "yabaxhasi bamatye angundoqo" kuquka iCurtis kunye no-Edith Munson Foundation, i-Henry Foundation, i-Firedoll Foundation, kunye ne-Save Our Seas Foundation. Ngale nkxaso kunye noncedo oluvela kubantu abafana nawe, u-2012 unokuba ngunyaka wokukhusela ookrebe kunye nemitha ekufutshane nawe nakwilizwe jikelele.

Sonja Fordham, uMongameli we-SAI