Ukutshintsha kokuziphatha koLwandle

NguMark J. Spalding, uMongameli

Siyazi ukuba sifuna ukuphucula ubudlelwane babantu nolwandle. Sifuna ukuqhubela phambili ikhondo elisingise kwihlabathi apho sikuxabisayo ukuxhomekeka kwethu elwandle kwaye sibonise elo xabiso kuzo zonke iindlela esisebenzisana ngazo nolwandle-ukuphila ngalo, ukuhamba ngalo, ukuhambisa iimpahla zethu, nokubamba ukutya apho sihlala khona. ndiyayidinga. Kufuneka sifunde ukuhlonipha iimfuno zakhe kwaye silahlekelwe yintsomi ekudala ikho yokuba ulwandle lukhulu kakhulu ukuba abantu babe nefuthe kwiinkqubo zalo kwinqanaba lehlabathi.

IBhanki yehlabathi isandul 'ukukhupha ingxelo yephepha le-238, "Ingqondo, Uluntu, kunye nokuziphatha", oluyinkqubo ebanzi yamawaka ezifundo ezivela kumazwe angaphezu kwama-80, ejonga indima yezengqondo kunye nentlalontle ekwenzeni izigqibo kunye nokutshintsha ukuziphatha. Le ngxelo intsha yeBhanki yehlabathi iqinisekisa ukuba abantu bacinga ngokuzenzekelayo, bacinge ngokwentlalo, baze bacinge besebenzisa imizekelo yengqondo (isakhelo solwazi lwangaphambili, imilinganiselo, namava abasijonga ngawo isigqibo ngasinye). Ezi zinto zithungelwe, zakha phezu kwezinye; ayizozisele. Kufuneka sizisombulule zonke ngaxeshanye.

Xa sijonga ukulondolozwa kolwandle kunye nokulawulwa kolwandle, kukho iindlela zokuziphatha zemihla ngemihla esingathanda ukubona abantu bezamkela ukuze basibeke apho sifuna ukuya khona. Kukho imigaqo-nkqubo esikholelwa ukuba inganceda abantu kunye nolwandle ukuba bebenokwamkelwa. Le ngxelo inikela iingongoma ezibangel’ umdla ngendlela abantu abacinga nabenza ngayo izinto ezinokuzisa wonke umsebenzi wethu—uninzi lwale ngxelo lungqina ukuba besisebenza, ukusa kumlinganiselo othile, kwiimbono eziphosakeleyo nakwiintelekelelo ezingachananga. Ndabelana ngala magqabantshintshi. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi, nantsi i-a ikhonkco kwisishwankathelo solawulo esinamaphepha angama-23 nakwingxelo ngokwayo.

Okokuqala, imalunga nendlela esicinga ngayo. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zokucinga "ukukhawuleza, ngokuzenzekelayo, ngaphandle komgudu, kunye nokudibanisa" ngokuchasene "nokucotha, ukucinga, ukuzama, uchungechunge kunye nokucamngca." Uninzi lwabantu luyazenzekela hayi iingcingane zengxoxo (nangona becinga ukuba benza ngabom). Ukhetho lwethu lusekwe kwinto ethi qatha engqondweni (okanye ukuyinikezela xa isiza kwingxowa yeetshiphusi zetapile). Ke ngoko, kufuneka "siyile imigaqo-nkqubo eyenza kube lula kwaye kube lula kumntu ngamnye ukukhetha indlela yokuziphatha ehambelana neziphumo ezinqwenelekayo kunye nezinto abanomdla kuzo."

Okwesibini, yindlela esisebenza ngayo njengenxalenye yoluntu. Abantu ngabanye zizilwanyana zentlalo eziphenjelelwa kukhetho lwentlalo, iinethiwekhi zentlalo, isazisi sentlalo, kunye nezithethe zasekuhlaleni. Oko kuthetha ukuba abantu abaninzi bayayikhathalela into eyenziwa ngabo babangqongileyo kunye nendlela abangena ngayo kumaqela abo. Ngaloo ndlela, baxelisa ihambo yabanye phantse ngokuzenzekelayo.

Ngelishwa, njengoko sifunda kwingxelo, "Abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo bahlala bejongela phantsi icandelo lezentlalo ekutshintsheni ukuziphatha." Umzekelo, ithiyori yezoqoqosho yemveli ibambe ukuba abantu basoloko bethatha isigqibo ngokuqiqileyo kunye nangomdla wabo (oku kuya kuthetha ukuqwalaselwa kwexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide). Le ngxelo ingqina ukuba le thiyori bubuxoki, mhlawumbi ayikothusi. Ngapha koko, igxininisa ukusilela okunokwenzeka kwemigaqo-nkqubo esekwe kule nkolelo yokuba ukuthathwa kwesigqibo esinengqiqo somntu ngamnye kuya kuhlala kusoyisa.

Ngaloo ndlela, ngokomzekelo, “iinkuthazo zoqoqosho aziyiyo ngokuyimfuneko okanye eyona ndlela yokukhuthaza abantu ngabanye. Iphulo lokufuna iwonga nokuqondwa lithetha ukuba kwiimeko ezininzi, inkuthazo yasekuhlaleni inokusetyenziswa ecaleni okanye endaweni yenkuthazo yezoqoqosho ukuze kuvuswe isimilo esinqwenelekayo.” Ngokucacileyo, nawuphi na umgaqo-nkqubo esiwenzayo okanye injongo esifuna ukuyiphumeza kufuneka singene kumaxabiso ethu abanjwe ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye sizalisekise umbono okwabelwana ngawo ukuba sifuna ukuphumelela.

Ngapha koko, abantu abaninzi banokukhetha kwezentlalo ngokuthanda abanye, ubulungisa kunye nokulingana kwaye banomoya wentsebenziswano. Sichatshazelwa kakhulu yimilinganiselo yentlalo, kwaye senze ngokufanelekileyo. Njengoko ingxelo ibonisa, “Sidla ngokufuna ukuhlangabezana noko kulindelwe ngabanye ngathi.”

Siyazi ukuba "sisebenza njengamalungu amaqela, ngcono nangaphezulu." “Silusebenzisa njani utyekelo lwabantu ekuhlaleni lokunxulumana nokuziphatha njengamalungu amaqela ukuze kubekho utshintsho kwintlalontle” sixhasa ukubuyisela umva umkhwa wokutshatyalaliswa kwemekobume yolwandle ehlabathini lonke?

Ngokutsho kwale ngxelo, abantu abathabathi zigqibo ngokutsalela kwiingcamango abaziqambe bona ngokwabo, kodwa kwimizekelo yengqondo emiliselwe ebuchotsheni babo, edla ngokuphenjelelwa lulwalamano lwezoqoqosho, iinkolo neembono zamaqela asekuhlaleni. Bejongene nokubala okunyanzelisayo, abantu batolika idatha entsha ngendlela ehambelana nokuzithemba kwabo kwiimbono zabo zangaphambili.

Uluntu lolondolozo kudala lukholelwa ukuba ukuba sibonelela ngeenyani malunga nezoyikiso kwimpilo yolwandle okanye ukuhla kweentlobo zezilwanyana, ke abantu baya kutshintsha ngokwendalo indlela abaziphatha ngayo kuba bethanda ulwandle kwaye yinto esengqiqweni ukuyenza. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lukwenza kucace ukuba ayisiyiyo nje indlela abantu abasabela ngayo kumava anenjongo. Kunoko, into esiyidingayo ukungenelela ukutshintsha imodeli yengqondo, kwaye ngoko, inkolelo malunga nento enokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo.

Umngeni wethu ngowokuba indalo yomntu ithande ukujolisa kwixesha langoku, hayi kwixesha elizayo. Ngokunjalo, sikholisa ukukhetha imigaqo esekelwe kwiimodeli zengqondo zoluntu lwethu. Ukunyaniseka kwethu okuthe ngqo kunokukhokelela ekuqinisekiseni ukuthambekela, nto leyo eyindlela yabantu yokutolika kunye nokuhluza ulwazi ngendlela exhasa iingcamango zabo okanye iingcamango zabo. Abantu badla ngokungayihoyi okanye bangayixabisi kakhulu ingcaciso enikwe ngokwezinto ezinokwenzeka, kubandakanywa uqikelelo lweemvula zamaxesha onyaka kunye nezinye izinto ezinxulumene nemozulu. Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, kodwa sikwathanda ukuphepha isenzo ebusweni bokungaziwa. Zonke ezi ndlela zobuntu zendalo zenza kube nzima nangakumbi ukugqiba izivumelwano zengingqi, zamazwe amabini, kunye nezizwe ngezizwe ezenzelwe ukulindela ikamva eliguqukayo.

Yintoni ke esinokuyenza? Ukubetha abantu phezu kwentloko kunye nedatha kunye noqikelelo malunga nokuba ulwandle luya kuba phi kwi-2100, kwaye yintoni i-chemistry yayo eya kuba yi-2050 kwaye zeziphi iintlobo eziya kuhamba ngokulula azikhuthazi isenzo. Kufuneka sabelane ngolo lwazi ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa asinakulindela ukuba olo lwazi lulodwa lutshintshe indlela yokuziphatha kwabantu. Ngokufanayo, kufuneka siqhagamshelene nabantu ekuhlaleni.

Siyavuma ukuba izinto ezenziwa ngabantu ziluchaphazela kakubi ulwandle lonke nobomi obukulo. Nangona kunjalo, asikabi nayo ingqiqo ehlangeneyo esikhumbuza ukuba ngamnye wethu udlala indima kwimpilo yakhe. Umzekelo olula usenokuba ngoolwandle olulawuzelayo icuba elirhuqa umdiza walo entlabathini (aze alishiye apho) wenza njalo ngobuchopho obuzenzekelayo. Kufuneka ilahlwe kwaye isanti engaphantsi kwesitulo ifanelekile kwaye ikhuselekile. Xa ecelwa umngeni, intshayi isenokuthi, “Yimpundu enye, inokwenza wuphi umonakalo?” Kodwa asiyompundu nje enye njengoko sonke sisazi: Iibhiliyoni zemidiza yecuba zilahlwa nje ngokungakhathali kwiiplanti zokutyala, zikhukuliswe kwimisele yezaqhwithi, zize zishiywe kunxweme lwethu.

Luvela phi ke utshintsho? Sinokunika iinyani:
• Iimpundu zecuba yeyona nkunkuma idla ngokulahlwa kwihlabathi jikelele (i-4.5 yetriliyoni ngonyaka)
• Iimpundu zecuba lolona hlobo lwenkunkuma luxhaphakileyo elunxwemeni, kwaye iimpundu zecuba AZIZOBOLI.
• Iimpundu zecuba zikhupha iikhemikhali eziyityhefu eziyityhefu ebantwini, kwizilwanyana zasendle kwaye zinokungcolisa imithombo yamanzi. *

Yintoni ke esinokuyenza? Into esiyifundayo kule ngxelo yeBhanki yehlabathi kukuba kufuneka senze yenza kube lula ukulahla yezitompi zecuba (ezifana nepokotho yepokotho kaSurfrider ebonwa ngasekunene), yenza iimpawu zokukhumbuza abatshayayo ukuba benze into elungileyo, yenze into wonke umntu abone abanye beyenza ukuze basebenzisane, kwaye silungele ukuchola iimpundu nokuba asikwenzi. t ukutshaya. Ekugqibeleni, kufuneka siqonde indlela yokudibanisa isenzo esifanelekileyo kwiimodeli zengqondo, ngoko ke isenzo esizenzekelayo siso esilungele ulwandle. Kwaye lowo ngumzekelo nje omnye weendlela zokuziphatha ekufuneka sizitshintshe ukuphucula ubudlelwane boluntu nolwandle kuwo onke amanqanaba.

Kuya kufuneka singene kowona mgangatho wethu udityanisiweyo ukuze sifumane eyona modeli isengqiqweni yokucinga phambili esinceda siqinisekise ukuba izenzo zethu ziyahambelana neenqobo zethu kwaye iinqobo zethu ezisemgangathweni zibeka phambili ulwandle.

* I-Ocean Conservancy iqikelela ukuba inani lenikotini elifunyenwe zizihluzi ezingama-200 lanele ukubulala umntu. Impundu enye iyodwa inamandla okungcolisa iilitha ezingama-500 zamanzi, nto leyo ewenza angakhuseleki ukusetywa. Yaye ungalibali ukuba zidla ngokutyiwa zizilwanyana!

Ifoto ephambili nguShannon Holman