I-BioCarbon: Yintoni kwaye kutheni sinenkathalo?

Ngu-Mark J. Spalding, uMongameli, i-Ocean Foundation

Kule veki ndibenethamsanqa elikhulu lokujoyina malunga neshumi elinesibini koogxa bethu eSeattle kwingcaciso "ngesisombululo semozulu sesibini" esaziwa ngokuba yiBioCarbon. Ukubeka ngokulula: Ukuba isisombululo sokuqala semozulu sinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse kwaye sihambela kwimithombo yamandla ezinzileyo kwaye ingcolise kancinci, ke okwesibini kukuqinisekisa ukuba asizilibali malunga nezo nkqubo zendalo eziye zaba ngamahlakani ethu ixesha elide. ukususa kunye nokugcina i-carbon engaphezulu kwi-atmosfera.

Amahlathi akuMntla-ntshona, amahlathi aseMpuma kumzantsi-mpuma kunye neNew England, kunye nenkqubo ye-Everglades eFlorida onke amele indawo yokuhlala oku ngoku igcina ikhabhoni kwaye inokugcina ngakumbi. Kwihlathi eliphilileyo, ingca, okanye inkqubo ye-marshland, kukho ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni ixesha elide emhlabeni njengemithi kunye nezityalo. Loo carbon isemhlabani zombini inceda ekukhuleni okunempilo nasekuncedeni ukuthomalalisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ekutshisweni kwamafutha efosili. Kuchazwa ukuba elona xabiso likhulu kumahlathi ashinyeneyo ehlabathi kumthamo wawo wogcino lwekhabhoni, hayi ixabiso lawo njengamaplanga. Kukwabekwe ukuba umthamo weenkqubo ezibuyiselweyo neziphuculweyo ezisekelwe kumhlaba zokugcina ikhabhoni zinokuhlangabezana ne-15% yeemfuno zethu zokuthinjwa kwekhabhoni. Oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba onke amahlathi ethu, ingca kunye nezinye iindawo zokuhlala, e-US nakwezinye iindawo, zilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuze siqhubeke nokubala kwezi nkqubo zendalo.

Ulwandle lufunxa malunga nama-30 ekhulwini okukhutshwa kwekhabhoni yethu. Ikhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ligama lamva nje elichaza zonke iindlela apho iindawo zokuhlala eziselunxwemeni naselwandle zigcina khona ikhabhoni. Amahlathi eMangrove, ingca yaselwandle Amadlelo, kunye nemigxobhozo eselunxwemeni zonke ziyakwazi ukugcina ikhabhoni, kwezinye iimeko ngokunjalo, okanye ngcono kunalo naluphi na uhlobo lokuthinjwa. Ukuzibuyisela kwimbali yazo epheleleyo inokuba liphupha, kwaye ngumbono onamandla wokuxhasa ikamva lethu. Okukhona sinendawo yokuhlala esempilweni ngakumbi kwaye kokukhona sinciphisa izinto ezicinezelayo ezingaphakathi kolawulo lwethu (umzekelo, uphuhliso olugqithisileyo kunye nongcoliseko), kokukhona amandla obomi elwandle akwazi ukuziqhelanisa nabanye ooxinzelelo.

Kwi-Ocean Foundation besisebenza kwimiba yekhabhoni eluhlaza okoko sasekwayo ngaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo. NgoNovemba 9^th, I-Blue Carbon Solutions, ngokubambisana ne-UNEP GRID-Arundel, ikhuphe ingxelo ebizwa Ikhabhoni yeentlanzi: Ukuphonononga iiNkonzo zeKhabhoni ye-Marine Vertebrate, ephawula ukuqonda okutsha okuchulumancisayo ngendlela izilwanyana zaselwandle ezishiywe elwandle zidlala indima enkulu ngayo ekukwazini kolwandle ukuthatha nokugcina ikharbhon egqithisileyo. Nali ikhonkco kule nto umbiko.

Enye inkuthazo yokwandisa iinzame zokubuyiswa kunye nokukhusela kukukwazi ukurhweba ngemali ukuxhasa ezi projekthi zokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni eqinisekisiweyo yemisebenzi yokukhutshwa kwegesi eluhlaza kwenye indawo. Umgangatho weCarbon oQinisekisiweyo (VCS) umiselwe uluhlu lweendawo zokuhlala ezisemhlabeni kwaye sisebenzisana neRestore America's Estuaries ukugqiba iVCS yeendawo zokuhlala ezinekhabhoni eluhlaza. I-VCS sisiqinisekiso esivunyiweyo senkqubo yokubuyisela esele sisazi ukuba iphumelele. Ukusetyenziswa kweBlue Carbon Calculator yethu kuya kuzuzisa izibonelelo esaziyo ukuba ziya kubonwa kwihlabathi jikelele, nanjengoko ziphumeza okuhle kwiilwandle ngoku.