Ukuzibophelela kwiKamva eliNgcono

Ukuhlanganisana ukuze sithethe ngemiba yolwandle, utshintsho lwemozulu, kunye neminye imingeni kwintlalontle yethu ehlangeneyo kubalulekile-ukujongana neendibano zocweyo kunye neenkomfa zomeleza intsebenziswano kunye nokukhuthaza ukutsha-ingakumbi xa injongo icacile kwaye injongo kukuvelisa iblue print okanye ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso sotshintsho. Kwangaxeshanye, kunikwe igalelo lezothutho ekukhutshweni kwegesi yegreenhouse, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulinganisa iingenelo zokuzimasa ngokuchasene nefuthe lokufika apho-ingakumbi xa isihloko sisiguquguquko semozulu apho iziphumo ziba mandundu ngenxa yokwanda kwethu okudityanelweyo kokuphuma kwegesi yegreenhouse.

Ndiqala ngeenketho ezilula. Ndiyatsiba ukuya emntwini apho ndingacingi ukuba ndingalongeza ixabiso okanye ndifumane ixabiso. ndiyathenga blue carbon offsets kulo lonke uhambo lwam—umoya, imoto, ibhasi nololiwe. Ndikhetha ukubhabha kwi-Dreamliner xa ndisiya eYurophu-eyazi ukuba isebenzisa i-fuel engaphantsi kwesithathu ukuwela i-Atlantiki kuneemodeli ezindala. Ndidibanisa iintlanganiso ezininzi kuhambo olunye apho ndinakho. Sekunjalo, njengoko ndandihleli kwinqwelo-moya egodukayo ukusuka eLondon (ekuqaleni kwam eParis ngaloo ntsasa), ndiyazi ukuba kufuneka ndifumane iindlela ezingakumbi zokunciphisa unyawo lwam.

Uninzi lwabalingane bam baseMelika babhabha besiya eSan Francisco kwiNgqungquthela yeGlobal Climate Action Summit yeRhuluneli uJerry Brown, equka izibophelelo ezininzi zemozulu, ezinye zazo eziqaqambise iilwandlekazi. Ndikhethe ukuya eParis kwiveki ephelileyo "kwiNkomfa yeNzululwazi yeNzululwazi: Ukusuka kwi-COP21 ukuya kwi-United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030)," esasiyibiza ngokuba yiNkomfa yeMozulu ye-Ocean ukugcina umoya kunye ne-inki. Inkomfa ibigxile kwi #OceanDecade.

I-Ocean Climate Conference “inenjongo yokudibanisa inkqubela-phambili yenzululwazi yakutshanje kunxibelelwano lolwandle nemozulu; ukuphonononga iintsingiselo zamva nje zolwandle, imozulu kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana kumxholo wokunyuka kweentshukumo ezihlangeneyo zaselwandle; kunye nokucinga ngeendlela zokusuka ‘kwinzululwazi uye kwisenzo’.”

I-Ocean Foundation lilungu le-Ocean & Climate Platform, eququzelele inkomfa kunye ne-UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission. Kuyo yonke le minyaka yeengxelo ezivela kwi-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), asikhange sicinge nzulu malunga nefuthe lokutshintsha kwemozulu kulwandle lwethu lwehlabathi. Endaweni yoko, siye sagxila kwindlela utshintsho lwemozulu oluza kuchaphazela ngayo uluntu.

Uninzi lwale ntlanganiso yaseParis iyaqhubeka nomsebenzi wethu njengelungu le-Ocean & Climate Platform. Loo msebenzi kukudibanisa ulwandle kwiingxoxo zemozulu yamazwe ngamazwe. Kuvakala kumnandi ukuphinda undwendwele kwaye uhlaziye izihloko ezibonakala zicacile, kwaye kunjalo kubalulekile kuba kusekho izikhewu zolwazi ekufuneka zoyiswe.

Ngoko ke, ngokwembono yolwandle, ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse egqithisileyo sele kunayo kwaye iyaqhubeka ukuba nempembelelo embi ehlala isanda kubomi baselwandle kunye neendawo zokuhlala eziyixhasayo. Ulwandle olunzulu, olushushu, oluneasidi ngakumbi luthetha utshintsho oluninzi! Kufana nokufudukela kwi-Ikhweyitha ukusuka kwi-Arctic ngaphandle kokutshintsha kwe-wardrobe kwaye ulindele ukutya okufanayo.

Undoqo kwiinkcazo-ntetho zaseParis kukuba akukho nto itshintshileyo ngeengxaki esijongene nazo. Enyanisweni, umonakalo obangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwethu kwemozulu ubonakala ngakumbi. Kukho isiganeko esibi ngequbuliso apho sikhwankqiswa bubukhulu obukhulu bomonakalo ovela kwisivunguvungu esinye (uHarvey, uMaria, u-Irma ngo-2017, kwaye ngoku uFlorence, uLane, kunye neManghut phakathi kwabo ngoku kwi-2018). Kwaye kukho ukhukuliseko oluqhubekayo lwempilo yolwandle ngokunyuka komphakamo wolwandle, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, iasidi enkulu, kunye nokwandisa isantya samanzi acocekileyo asuka kwiziganeko zemvula enkulu.

Ngokukwanjalo, kucacile ukuba zingaphi izizwe ebezisebenza kule miba ixesha elide. Baneemvavanyo ezibhalwe kakuhle kunye nezicwangciso zokujongana nemingeni. Uninzi lwabo, ngelishwa, luhleli ezishelufini luqokelela uthuli.

Into etshintshileyo kwisiqingatha seshumi leminyaka edlulileyo kukubekwa rhoqo kwemihla ebekiweyo yokuzalisekisa izibophelelo zesizwe kwizenzo ezithile, ezinokulinganiswa:

• Ulwandle lwethu (enkosi uNobhala uKerry) izibophelelo: Ulwandle lwethu yindibano yamazwe ngamazwe karhulumente kunye neminye imibutho egxile elwandle eyaqala ngo-2014 eWashington DC. Ulwandle lwethu lusebenza njengeqonga likawonke-wonke apho izizwe kunye nabanye banokubhengeza izibophelelo zabo zemali kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo egameni lolwandle. Njengoko kubalulekile, ezo zibophelelo ziphinde ziqwalaselwe kwinkomfa elandelayo ukuze kubonwe ukuba ziphelile.
• Iinjongo zoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo ze-UN (eziyilwe phantsi phezulu, kungekhona phezulu phantsi) esiye sakuvuyela ukuba yinxalenye yenkomfa yokuqala ye-UN egxile elwandle (SDG 14) kwi-2017, ebiza ukuba izizwe zisebenze ekuphuculeni ubudlelwane boluntu elwandle, neqhubeka ngokunika inkuthazo kwizibophelelo zesizwe.
• Isivumelwano saseParis (Iminikelo eJoliswe kuZwelonke (INDCs) kunye nezinye izibophelelo-Malunga ne-70% ye-INDCs ibandakanya ulwandle (i-112 iyonke). Oku kusinike amandla okongeza "iNdlela yoLwandle" kwi-COP 23, eyayibanjelwe eBonn ngoNovemba 2017. I-Ocean Pathway ligama elinikwe ukunyusa indima yokuqwalaselwa kolwandle kunye nezenzo kwinkqubo ye-UNFCCC, into entsha yonyaka. Iindibano zeCOP. I-COP sisishwankathelo seNkomfa yamaQela kwiNgqungquthela yeNkqubo-sikhokelo yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ngoTshintsho lweMozulu (UNFCCC).

Ngeli xesha, uluntu lwaselwandle lusafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwandle ludityaniswe ngokupheleleyo kwiqonga lothethathethwano lwemozulu. Umzamo wokudibanisa iqonga unamacandelo amathathu.

1. Ingqwalasela: Besifuna kuqala ukuba siqinisekise indima yolwandle njengento yokutshona kwekhabhoni kunye nequla lobushushu liqatshelwe, kunye nendima yalo ekutshintsheni umphunga kwaye ngaloo ndlela igalelo elingundoqo kwimozulu nakwimozulu kubo bonke.

2. Iziphumo: Oku kuye kwasivumela ukuba sigxininise ingqwalasela yabathethisi bemozulu kulwandlekazi kunye neziphumo (ukusuka kwisigaba 1 esingentla: Oku kuthetha ukuba ikhabhoni elwandle ibangela ukugcwala kweasidi yolwandle, ubushushu elwandle bubangela ukuba amanzi ande kwaye amaqondo olwandle anyuke. ukunyuka, kunye nobushushu bomphezulu wolwandle kunye nokusebenzisana namaqondo obushushu omoya kubangela izaqhwithi ezinamandla ngakumbi, kunye nokuphazamiseka okusisiseko kweendlela zemozulu “eziqhelekileyo.” Oku, ngokuqinisekileyo, kwaguqulelwa ngokulula kwingxoxo yeziphumo zokuhlala kwabantu, imveliso yezolimo. kunye nokhuseleko lokutya, kunye nokwandiswa kwenani kunye neendawo zeembacu zemozulu kunye nabanye abafudukayo.

Omabini la macandelo, u-1 no-2, namhlanje abonakala ecacile kwaye kufuneka athathelwe ingqalelo njengolwazi olufunyenweyo. Nangona kunjalo, siyaqhubeka sifunda ngakumbi kwaye kukho ixabiso elibalulekileyo lokuhlaziya ulwazi lwethu lwesayensi kunye neziphumo, esichithe inxalenye yexesha lethu sisenza apha kule ntlanganiso.

3. Iziphumo kulwandlekazi: Kutsha nje iinzame zethu zisishukumisele ekubeni siqinisekise abo bathethathethana ngemozulu ngemfuneko yokuqwalasela iziphumo zokuphazamiseka kwethu kwemozulu kubomi bendalo kunye nezityalo nezilwanyana zolwandle ngokwalo. Abathethi-thethwano bagunyazise ingxelo entsha ye-IPCC ekufuneka ikhutshwe kulo nyaka. Ke, inxenye yeengxoxo zethu eParis bezimalunga nokudityaniswa komthamo omkhulu wesayensi kule (inxalenye yesi-3) yokudityaniswa kolwandle lwehlabathi kuthethathethwano lwemozulu.

Ekubeni iphathelele thina, ngokungathandabuzekiyo kungekudala kuza kubakho inxalenye yesine yencoko yethu ethetha ngemiphumo yabantu yokwenzakala kwethu elwandle. Xa i-ecosystem kunye neentlobo zitshintsha ngenxa yeqondo lobushushu, iingqaqa zekorale ziyatshona zife, okanye iintlobo kunye nee webs zokutya zidilika ngenxa yeasidi yolwandle ingaba oku kuya kubuchaphazela njani ubomi babantu kunye neendlela zokuphila?

Ngokudabukisayo, kuvakalelwa kukuba sisagxininise ekuqinisekiseni abathethi kunye nokucacisa ubunzima besayensi, imozulu kunye nokusebenzisana kolwandle kunye nemiphumo ehambelanayo, kwaye asihambi ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukuxoxa ngezisombululo. Kwelinye icala, isisombululo esisembindini sokujongana nokuphazamiseka kwethu kwemozulu kukunciphisa kwaye ekugqibeleni kupheliswe ukutshiswa kwamafutha efosili. Oku kwamkelwe kakuhle, kwaye akukho zimpikiswano zokwenyani ezichasene nokwenza oko. Kukho nje inertia yokuthintela utshintsho. Mninzi umsebenzi owenziwayo malunga nokuhamba ngaphaya kokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, kubandakanywa izibophelelo kunye nezikhanyiso ezivela kwiNgqungquthela yeMozulu yeMozulu eqhubeka eCalifornia kule veki inye. Ngoko ke, asinako ukutyhafa nokuba sivakalelwa kukuba sidlula kula manzi amanye kwakhona.

Isibhambathiso sokuzibophelela (ukuqhayisa), ukuthembela kunye nokuqinisekisa imodeli isebenza ngcono kunehlazo kunye netyala lokudala intando yezopolitiko kunye nokubonelela ngamathuba okubhiyozela, okubaluleke kakhulu ekufezekiseni umfutho ofunekayo. Singathemba ukuba zonke izibophelelo zesibini seminyaka edlulileyo kuquka i-2018 isishukumisele ekuqhubeni ukuya ekutyhaleni ngendlela efanelekileyo-inxalenye ngenxa yokuba sihambise iinyani eziyimfuneko kunye nokuhlaziya isayensi ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubaphulaphuli abanolwazi olukhulayo.

Njengegqwetha elalisakuba ligqwetha letyala, ndiyalazi ixabiso lokwakha ityala likabani ukusa kwinqanaba lokuba libe lingenakuphikiswa ukuze liphumelele. Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, siya kuphumelela.