Iworkshop yaseCosta Rica BBNJ

Ndichithe umhla we-8 kunye nowe-9 kaMatshi ePuntarenas, eCosta Rica kwindibano yocweyo kuMbindi Merika ukuphuhlisa amandla kubaphathiswa bamazwe angaphandle ababandakanyekayo ekuphenduleni isicelo seSigqibo se-69/292 se-UN General Assembly (UNGA) sothethathethwano lwesixhobo somthetho esitsha sokujongana. ulondolozo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokuzinzileyo kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo ngaphaya kwegunya lesizwe (BBNJ) phantsi kweNgqungquthela ye-UN kuMthetho woLwandle kunye nokunceda uluntu lwehlabathi luphumeze iinjongo zoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo ze-UN (ingakumbi i-SDG14 elwandle). 

Uthini ngalowo umlomo? Uguqulo: besincedisa abantu bakarhulumente ukuba bakulungele ukuthetha-thethana malunga nendlela yokukhusela izityalo nezilwanyana eziwela ngaphandle kolawulo olusemthethweni lwaso nasiphi na isizwe esinzulu kunye nomphezulu wolwandle oluphakamileyo lweproverbial! Apho kukho iipirates...

Kolu cweyo kwakukho abameli basePanama, eHonduras, eGuatemala, yaye kakade, nowayesimemile, eCosta Rica. Ukongeza kwezi zizwe zoMbindi Merika, abameli babelapho bevela eMexico kunye nabantu abambalwa abavela kwiiCaribbean.

I-71% yomphezulu weplanethi yethu lulwandle, kwaye i-64% yolwandle luphezulu. Izinto ezenziwa ngabantu zenzeka kwizithuba ezine-dimensional (umphezulu wolwandle kunye nomgangatho wolwandle), kunye nezithuba ezintathu-ntathu (intsika yamanzi kunye nomhlaba ongaphantsi wolwandle) wolwandle oluphakamileyo. I-UNGA icele isixhobo somthetho esitsha kuba asinalo igunya elinye elinobuchule elijongene nemimandla ye-BBNJ, akukho sixhobo sentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye akukho ndlela ichazwe ngokupheleleyo yokwazisa indlela yokwabelana ngemimandla ye-BBNJ njengelifa lemveli kumntu wonke. iplanethi (kungekhona abo banokukwazi ukuya kuyithatha). Njengolunye ulwandle, iilwandle eziphakamileyo zisongelwa zizisongelo ezaziwayo nezikhulayo kunye noxinzelelo lwabantu. Imisebenzi ekhethiweyo yabantu kulwandle oluphezulu (efana nokuloba okanye ukumbiwa kwemigodi okanye ukuhambisa ngenqanawa) ilawulwa yimibutho yamacandelo athile. Abanamagunya asemthethweni okanye igunya elingaguqukiyo, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo abanayo indlela yolungelelwaniso kunye nentsebenziswano yamacandelo ahlukeneyo.

Izithethi zethu zezihloko, izifundo, kunye neengxoxo ezijikelezayo ziqinisekisile imingeni kwaye zaxoxa ngezisombululo. Sichithe ixesha sithetha ngemithombo yofuzo yolwandle yokwabelana ngenzuzo, ukuxhotyiswa ngezakhono, ukudluliselwa kobuchwephesha baselwandle, izixhobo zolawulo ezisekelwe kummandla (kuquka iindawo ezikhuselweyo zaselwandle ezingaphaya kolawulo lwesizwe), uvavanyo lwempembelelo yokusingqongileyo, kunye nemiba enqamlezileyo (kubandakanywa ukunyanzeliswa okuthembekileyo, ukuthotyelwa kunye neengxabano isisombululo). Ngokusisiseko, umbuzo yindlela yokwaba i-famaty yolwandle oluphezulu (olwaziwayo nolungaziwa) ngeendlela ezijongene nelifa lemveli lehlabathi. Ingcinga ephambili yayiyimfuno yokulawula ukusetyenziswa kunye nemisebenzi ngendlela enobulungisa namhlanje kwaye ilungele izizukulwana ezizayo.

Ndimenywe apho ukuba ndithethe ngoLwandle lwaseSargasso kunye nendlela “elulawulwa” ngayo njengendawo engaphaya kolawulo lwesizwe esele isele ikhona. Ulwandle lwaseSargasso lukuLwandle lweAtlantiki, luchazwa kakhulu yimisinga emine ebalulekileyo yolwandle eyenza igyre apho iimethi ezinkulu zesargassum zikhula khona. Ulwandle likhaya kuluhlu lwezilwanyana ezifudukayo kunye nezinye iintlobo zenxalenye okanye wonke umjikelo wobomi bazo. Ndihleli kwiKomishoni yoLwandle lwaseSargasso, kwaye sinebhongo ngeendlela ebesiqhubela phambili ngayo. 

Sele siwenzile umsebenzi wethu wasekhaya kwaye senze imeko yethu yesayensi malunga neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zoLwandle lwaseSargasso. Siye sayivavanya imeko yayo, sabhala uluhlu lwemisebenzi yabantu, sachaza iinjongo zethu zolondolozo, saza sachaza isicwangciso somsebenzi sokuphumeza usukelo lwethu kwintsimi yethu. Sele sisebenzela ukufumana ukuqondwa ngendawo yethu ekhethekileyo kumaziko afanelekileyo nanobuchule asebenza ngokuloba, iintlobo zezityalo ezifudukayo, iinqanawa, imigodi yaselwandle, iintambo eziphantsi kolwandle, kunye neminye imisebenzi (ngaphezu kwama-20 emibutho yamazwe ngamazwe neyamacandelo). Kwaye ngoku, senza uphando kwaye sibhala iSicwangciso soBuphathi soLwandle lwaseSargasso, "isicwangciso solawulo" sokuqala sommandla wolwandle oluphezulu. Ke ngoko, iya kugubungela onke amacandelo kunye nemisebenzi kuLwandle lwaseSargasso. Ngaphaya koko, iya kubonelela ngesicwangciso-sikhokelo esibanzi solondolozo nokusetyenziswa ngokuzinzileyo kwale nkqubo iphawulekayo yendalo ephilayo ingaphaya kwayo nayiphi na indawo yolawulo lwesizwe. Kuyavunywa ukuba, iKomishoni ayinagunya lokulawula ngokusemthethweni, ke ngoko siza kunika isikhokelo kwiOfisi kaNobhala wethu, kunye neengcebiso kwabo batyikitye iSibhengezo saseHamilton esaseka iSargasso Sea Area of ​​Collaboration kunye nekhomishini yethu. Iya kuba yi-Secretariat kunye nabasayinileyo abaya kufuneka baqinisekise imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nemibutho ukuba ilandele ezi ngcebiso.

Izifundo ezifunyenwe kwisifundo sethu sesifundo (kunye nabanye), kunye nokuxhasa ingqiqo yothethathethwano lwesixhobo esitsha, zicacile. Oku akuyi kuba lula. Inkqubo ekhoyo ngoku yeziseko zolawulo ezincinci zinceda abo banemithombo yetekhnoloji kunye nemali ngokungagqibekanga. Kukwakho unxibelelwano, ulawulo, kunye neminye imingeni efakwe kwinkqubo yethu yangoku. 

Ukuqala, bambalwa 'Abasemagunyeni abanobuchule' kunye nolungelelwaniso oluncinci, okanye nonxibelelwano phakathi kwabo. Kwaelizwe elinye limelwe kuninzi lwale mibutho yezizwe ngezizwe neyamacandelo. Nangona kunjalo, umbutho ngamnye uneemfuno zawo ezikhethekileyo zesivumelwano kumanyathelo okhuseleko, inkqubo kunye neendlela zokwenza izigqibo. 

Ukongezelela, ngamanye amaxesha abameli abavela kulo naliphi na ilizwe elinikeziweyo bahluke kwintlangano nganye, ekhokelela kwizikhundla ezingahambelaniyo kunye neengxelo. Ngokomzekelo, ummeli welizwe kwi-IMO kunye nommeli welo lizwe kwi-ICCAT (i-tuna kunye nequmrhu lolawulo lweentlobo ezifudukayo) baya kuba ngabantu ababini abahlukeneyo abavela kwii-arhente ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kunye nezikhokelo ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye, amanye amazwe achasene ngokupheleleyo ne-ecosystem kunye neendlela zokhuseleko. Eminye imibutho inomthwalo wobungqina obungalunganga-de icele izazinzulu, ii-NGOs, kunye nezizwe ezikhuselayo ukuba zibonise ukuba kukho iimpembelelo ezimbi zokuloba okanye ukuhambisa ngenqanawa-kunokwamkela ukuba impembelelo embi kufuneka incitshiswe ukuze kulunge kubo bonke.

Kuphononongo lwethu, okanye kwesi sixhobo sitsha, sidwelisa impixano kumalungelo okusetyenziswa ngokuzinzileyo kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo. Kwelinye icala sinezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, ulungelelwaniso lwendalo esingqongileyo, izibonelelo ekwabelwana ngazo kunye noxanduva, kunye nokusombulula izoyikiso zonyango ezibhubhisayo. Kwelinye icala, sijonge ekukhuseleni ipropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda ekhokelela kuphuhliso lweemveliso kunye nengeniso, nokuba ivela kulawulo okanye kumalungelo epropathi yabucala. Kwaye, ukongeza kulo mxube ukuba eminye yemisebenzi yethu yabantu kulwandle oluphezulu (ingakumbi ukuloba) sele ibandakanya ukuxhatshazwa okungazinzanga kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana ngendlela ezikuyo ngoku, kwaye kufuneka kuxoxwe.

Ngelishwa, izizwe ezichasene nesixhobo esitsha sokulawula i-biodiversity ngaphaya kwemimandla yelizwe ngokubanzi zinezixhobo zokuthatha oko zikufunayo, xa zifuna: usebenzisa abantu banamhlanje (ama-pirates) axhaswa yizizwe zabo zasekhaya njengoko babekwi-17th, 18th kunye Iinkulungwane ze-19. Ngokunjalo, ezi zizwe zifika kwiingxoxo kunye nabathunywa abakhulu, abalungiselelwe kakuhle, abanezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye neenjongo ezicacileyo ezixhasa umdla wabo ngamnye. Umhlaba wonke kufuneka uphakame kwaye ubalwe. Kwaye, mhlawumbi umzamo wethu othobekileyo wokunceda amanye, amazwe amancinci asakhasayo ukuba alungele uya kuba nengeniso.