Ngaba i-Sunscreen yakho ibulala ii-Coral Reefs?

Ngaba i-sunscreen yakho ibulala i-coral reefs? Impendulo enokubakho, ngaphandle kokuba sele unolwazi lwe-sunscreen- reef, nguewe. Emva kwamashumi eminyaka yophando lokuphuhlisa ezona zixhobo zokukhusela ilanga zisebenza kakuhle, kwavela ukuba iikhemikhali eziyilwe kakuhle ukukhusela kwithamo elinzima lemitha evuthayo kunye nomhlaza wolusu onokuthi ube yityhefu kwiingqaqa zekorale. Intwana nje yeekhemikhali ezithile yanele ukwenza ukuba iikorali zibe bleach, ziphulukane nomthombo wamandla e-symbiotic algal kwaye zibe sesichengeni ngakumbi kusulelo lwentsholongwane.

Izithambiso zelanga zanamhlanje zingamacandelo amabini amakhulu: ngokomzimba kunye neekhemikhali. Izikhuseli zelanga ezibonakalayo zineeminerali ezincinci ezisebenza njengekhaka elijikisa imitha yelanga. Iikhemikhali ze-sunscreens zisebenzisa iikhompawundi zokwenziwa ezithatha ukukhanya kwe-UV ngaphambi kokuba zifike eluswini.

Ingxaki ezi zikhuseli zihlamba emanzini. Ngokomzekelo, kwiindwendwe ezingama-10,000 ezinandipha amaza, malunga neekhilogram ze-4 zeeminerali zihlamba elunxwemeni suku ngalunye.¹ Oko kunokubonakala kuncinci, kodwa ezi zimbiwa zibangela ukuveliswa kwehydrogen peroxide, iarhente eyaziwayo yokuthambisa, ekuxinaniseni okuphakamileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuba zonakalise izinto eziphilayo zaselwandle.

Esinye sezithako eziphambili kwiikhemikhali ezininzi ze-sunscreens yi-oxybenzone, i-molecule yokwenziwa eyaziwa ngokuba yityhefu kwiikorali, i-algae, i-urchins yolwandle, intlanzi kunye nezilwanyana ezincelisayo. Ithontsi elinye lale khompawundi kwizigidi ezi-4 zeelitha zamanzi zanele ukubeka engozini izinto eziphilayo.

Kuqikelelwa ukuba iitoni ze-14,000 ze-sunscreen zikholelwa ukuba zifakwe elwandle ngonyaka kunye nomonakalo omkhulu ofunyenwe kwiindawo ezidumileyo ezifana neHawaii kunye neCaribbean.

Ngo-2015, i-Haereticus Environmental Laboratory engenzi nzuzo ivavanye i-Trunk Bay beach e-St. John, e-USVI, apho ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5,000 abantu abadada yonke imihla. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngaphezu kwe-6,000 yeeponti ze-sunscreen zifakwe kwi-reef ngonyaka.

Kwangalo nyaka, kwafumanisa ukuba umyinge we-412 yeekhilogram ze-sunscreen yafakwa yonke imihla kwi-reef e-Hanauma Bay, indawo ethandwayo yokusabalala kwe-snorkeling e-Oahu eyenza umyinge wama-2,600 eedada ngosuku.

Izithinteli ezithile kwizikhuseli zelanga zinokuba yingozi kwiingqaqa nakubantu. Iiparabens ezifana ne-methyl paraben esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kunye ne-butyl paraben zi-fungicides kunye ne-anti-bacterial agents ezandisa ubomi beshelufu yemveliso. I-Phenoxyethanol yayisetyenziswa ekuqaleni njenge-anesthetic yentlanzi.

Ilizwe leziqithi zePasifiki ePalau yaba lilizwe lokuqala ukuthintela isikhuselo-langa “selitye elinetyhefu”. Isayinwe emthethweni ngo-Oktobha 2018, umthetho uvimbela ukuthengiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-sunscreen equkethe nayiphi na izithako ezivaliweyo ze-10, kuquka i-oxybenzone. Abakhenkethi abaza ne<em>sunscreen evaliweyo kweli lizwe baya kuhluthwa, yaye amashishini athengisa ezi mveliso aza kuhlawuliswa i-R1,000 2020. Umthetho uyakuqala ukusebenza ngo-XNUMX.

Ngomhla woku-1 kuCanzibe, iHawaii yapasisa umthetho oyilwayo ovala ukuthengiswa kunye nokuhanjiswa kwesunscreens eziqulethe iikhemikhali i-oxybenzone kunye ne-octinoxate. Imithetho emitsha ye-sunscreen yaseHawaii iya kuqalisa ukusebenza nge-1 kaJanuwari, ngo-2021.

ICEBISO SESISOMBULULO: I-sunscreen kufuneka ibe yiNdawo yakho yokuGqibela

Impahla, enje ngeehempe, iminqwazi, ibhulukhwe, inokukhusela ulusu lwakho kwimitha ye-UV eyonakalisayo. Iambrela inokukukhusela ekutshisweni lilanga kakubi. Cwangcisa usuku lwakho malunga nelanga. Phuma phandle kwakusasa okanye emva kwemini xa ilanga lisezantsi esibhakabhakeni.

Kodwa ukuba usafuna loo tan, usebenza njani kwi-sunscreen maze?

Okokuqala, libala ii-aerosols. Izithako zekhemikhali ezikhutshiweyo ziyi-microscopic, zifakwe emiphungeni, kwaye zisasazwe emoyeni kwindawo.

Okwesibini, qwalasela iimveliso ezibandakanya i-sunblocks ye-mineral ene-zinc oxide kunye ne-titanium dioxide. Kufuneka babe "non-nano" ngobukhulu ukuze bathathwe njenge-reef-ekhuselekileyo. Ukuba zingaphantsi kwe-nanometers ze-100, iikhrimu zinokugqithiswa ngamakorali. Khangela kwakhona uluhlu lwezithako zazo naziphi na izithinteli esele zikhankanyiwe.

Okwesithathu, tyelela iwebhusayithi ye I-Safe Sunscreen Council. Le yimbumba yeenkampani ezinomsebenzi okwabelwana ngawo wokufunda lo mba, ukuphakamisa ulwazi phakathi kweshishini lokhathalelo lwesikhumba kunye nabathengi kunye nokuxhasa uphuhliso kunye nokwamkelwa kwezithako ezikhuselekileyo zabantu kunye neplanethi.

¹Iikhilogram ezine malunga neekhilogram ezili-9 kwaye zimalunga nobunzima beholide yakho ham okanye i-turkey.