Imalunga neentlanzi…Ngokwenene.

NguMark J. Spalding - uMongameli, i-Ocean Foundation

Umbuzo: Kutheni sithetha ngeentlanzi ezibanjiswe endle? Maninzi kakhulu amacandelo oshishino lolwandle, kwaye mininzi imiba egxile kubudlelwane babantu kunye neelwandle. Ngaba sifanele sibe nexhala lokuba ixesha elininzi lichithwa kwindlela yokunceda eli shishini lihlayo lisinde, kunamanye amabali amaninzi olwandle ekufuneka siwaxelele?

Impendulo: Kuba kuqinisekiwe ukuba ngaphandle kokutshintsha kwemozulu, akukho sisongelo esikhulu elwandle njengokuloba ngokugqithisileyo nemisebenzi ehamba nayo.

Ngolwesihlanu ibilusuku lokugqibela lwe I-World Oceans Summit ephathwayo Economist apha eSingapore. Ngokuqinisekileyo umntu ulindele ukuma kweshishini, okanye ukuziqhelanisa nesisombululo seemarike zongxowankulu, ukusuka Economist. Ngelixa eso sakhelo ngamanye amaxesha sinokubonakala sisincinci kancinci, ngombulelo kuye kwakho ugqaliselo olomeleleyo kushishino lokuloba. Ukulotywa kweentlanzi zasendle kwafikelela incopho yeetoni ezizizigidi ezingama-96 ngowe-1988. Ukususela ngoko iye yahlala ingazinzanga ngomthamo wokuloba (ngokuthe gqolo ijolisa kwiintlanzi ezinganqweneleki kakhulu) yaye ngokufuthi, ngokulandela isaci esithi “intlanzi ide iphele. , emva koko uqhubeke.”

“Sizingela iintlanzi ezinkulu ngendlela ebesenza ngayo izilwanyana zethu zasemhlabeni,” utshilo uGeoff Carr, uMhleli wezeNzululwazi. Economist. Ke ngoku, abantu beentlanzi basengxakini enkulu ngeendlela ezintathu:

1) Sithatha abaninzi kakhulu ukuba bagcine abemi, singasathethi ke ukubakhulisa kwakhona;
2) Uninzi lwaba silukhuphayo lumele nokuba lukhulu (kwaye ngoko luchumile) okanye luncinci (kunye nesitshixo sekamva lethu); kwaye
3) Iindlela esibamba ngazo, siqhube, kwaye sizithuthe iintlanzi ziyonakalisa ukusuka kumgangatho wolwandle ukuya kumgca wamaza aphezulu. Akumangalisi ukuba iinkqubo zobomi bolwandle zikhutshelwa ngaphandle kokulingana ngenxa yoko.
4. Sisalawula amanani eentlanzi kwaye sicinga ngeentlanzi njengezityalo ezikhula elwandle esizivunayo. Enyanisweni, sifunda ngakumbi nangakumbi ukuba iintlanzi ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-ecosystem yolwandle kwaye ukuzisusa kuthetha ukuba sisusa inxalenye ye-ecosystem. Oku kubangela utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwindlela esebenza ngayo i-ecosystems yaselwandle.

Ngoko ke, kufuneka sithethe malunga nokuloba ukuba siza kuthetha ngokulondoloza ulwandlekazi. Kwaye apho kungcono ukuthetha ngayo kunokuba kwindawo apho umngcipheko kunye nezisongelo zibonwa zombini njengomba wolondolozo kunye nomcimbi wezoshishino. . . i Economist nkomfa.

Ngokudabukisayo, kusekwe kakuhle ukuba ukuloba kwimizi-mveliso/kurhweba kweentlanzi zasendle kusenokungalondolozeki kokusingqongileyo:
-Asinakukwazi ukuvuna izilwanyana zasendle kwisikali ukuze zisetyenziswe ngabantu emhlabeni jikelele (emhlabeni okanye elwandle)
-Asinakukwazi ukutya i-apex predators kwaye silindele ukuba iinkqubo zihlale zilungelelene
- Ingxelo yakutsha nje ithi abalobi bethu abangavavanywanga nabangaziwa kangako ngabona bonakeleyo kwaye baphele ngokugqithisileyo, okuthe, xa kujongwa iindaba ezivela kumashishini ethu aziwayo...
– Ukuwohloka kwamashishini okuloba kuyanda, kwaye xa sele ziwe, ukuloba akunyanzelekanga ukuba kubuyiselwe.
- Uninzi lwabalobi abakhasayo oluzinzileyo lukufuphi neendawo zokukhula kwabemi, ke yinto nje yexesha de basengozini yokuxhatshazwa ngokugqithisileyo.
-Imfuno yeprotheyini yeentlanzi ikhula ngokukhawuleza kunokuba abantu basendle basendle banokuyigcina
– Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kuchaphazela imo yezulu kunye nokufuduka kweentlanzi
– Ukwenziwa kweasidi yolwandle kubeka emngciphekweni eyona mithombo iphambili yokutya yeentlanzi, imveliso yeentlanzi, kunye neendawo zokuhlala ezisesichengeni ezifana nenkqubo ye-coral reef esebenza njengekhaya lenxalenye yobomi baphantse babe sisiqingatha sentlanzi yehlabathi.
– Ulawulo olusebenzayo lwabalobi basendle luxhomekeke kumazwi anamandla angengawo amashishini, kwaye ishishini, ngokuqondakalayo lidlale indima ephambili kwizigqibo zolawulo lokuloba.

Kwaye ishishini alisempilweni okanye lizinzileyo:
– Ukuloba kwethu endle sele kuxhatshazwe ngokugqithisileyo kwaye ishishini linamandla kakhulu (izikhephe ezininzi zileqa iintlanzi ezimbalwa)
– Amashishini amakhulu oshishino lokuloba awakwazi ukwenza imali ngaphandle kwenkxaso-mali karhulumente yamafutha, ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa, kunye namanye amacandelo oshishino;
–Ezi nkxaso-mali, ebeziphantsi koqwalaselo olumandla kuMbutho wezoRhwebo weHlabathi, zidala inkuthazo yezoqoqosho ukutshabalalisa inkunzi yendalo yolwandle lwethu; okt ngoku basebenza ngokuchasene nozinzo;
– Amafutha kunye nezinye iindleko ziyenyuka, kunye nomphakamo wolwandle, ochaphazela iziseko zophuhliso lweenqwelo zokuloba;
-Ishishini leentlanzi ezibanjiswa endle lijongene nebala elikhuphisana kakhulu, ngaphaya kommiselo, apho iimarike zifuna imigangatho ephezulu, umgangatho, kunye nokulandelwa kwemveliso.
- Ukhuphiswano oluvela kwi-aquaculture lubalulekile kwaye luyakhula. I-aquaculture sele ibambe ngaphezu kwesiqingatha semarike ye-aquaculture yehlabathi, kwaye i-aquaculture ekufuphi nonxweme imiselwe ukuphinda kabini, nanjengoko ubugcisa obuzinzileyo baselwandle buphuhliswa ukujongana nemingeni yezifo, ungcoliseko lwamanzi kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kweendawo zokuhlala eziselunxwemeni.
- Kwaye, kufuneka ijongane nolu tshintsho kunye nemingeni kunye neziseko ezinqabileyo, amanyathelo amaninzi kakhulu kwi-chain chain chain (kunye nomngcipheko wenkunkuma kwinqanaba ngalinye), kunye nemveliso etshabalalayo efuna isikhenkcezisi, ukuthutha ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokucoca.
Ukuba uyibhanki ejonge ukunciphisa umngcipheko kwipotfoliyo yakho yemali mboleko, okanye inkampani yeinshorensi ejonge amashishini asemngciphekweni osezantsi ukuze aqinisekise, uya ngokuya ubaleka iindleko, imozulu, kunye neengozi zeengozi ezifumaneka kushishino lokuloba lwasendle kwaye uhendwe iaquaculture/mariculture njengenye indlela engcono.

Ukhuseleko lokutya endaweni yoko
Ngethuba le ntlanganiso, kwakukho amaxesha ambalwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokukhumbuza abaxhasi kunye nezithethi zabo ezikhethiweyo ukuba ukuloba ngokugqithisileyo kunxulumene nentlupheko kunye nokuziphilisa. Ngaba singakwazi ukubuyisela iinkqubo zobomi bolwandle, ukuseka kwakhona amanqanaba embali emveliso, kwaye sithethe ngendima yayo kukhuseleko lokutya-ingakumbi, bangaphi abantu bethu abazibhiliyoni ezisi-7 abanokuxhomekeka kukutya kwaselwandle kwasendle njengomthombo obalulekileyo weprotheyini, kwaye zeziphi ezinye iindlela zethu. ukondla abaseleyo, ngakumbi njengoko abantu besanda?

Kufuneka sihlale siqaphela ukuba umlobi okwizinga eliphantsi kusafuneka akwazi ukondla usapho lwakhe-uneprotein encinci kunezinye iidolophu zaseMelika, umzekelo. Ukuloba kukusinda kwabantu abaninzi kwihlabathi liphela. Ngoko ke, kufuneka sicinge ngezisombululo zophuhliso lwasemaphandleni. Iindaba ezimnandi kuthi kuluntu lolondolozo lwendalo zezokuba ukuba sikhuthaza ukwahlukahlukana kwebhayoloji elwandle, sonyusa imveliso size ngaloo ndlela sibe nenqanaba elithile lokhuseleko lokutya. Kwaye, ukuba siqinisekisa ukuba asikhiphi izixhobo ngendlela eyenza lula inkqubo yendalo (ishiya iintlobo ezimbalwa kakhulu nezifana kakhulu ngokwemfuza), sinokunqanda ukuwohloka ngakumbi phakathi kweemeko eziguqukayo.

Ngoko kufuneka:
– Yandisa inani lamazwe asebenzela kulawulo oluzinzileyo loshishino lokuloba kumanzi awo
- Seta iTotali eBanjisiweyo evumelekileyo ngokuchanekileyo ukuvumela intlanzi ukuba iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde ikwazi ukuphinda iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde ikwazi ukuphinda intlanzi.
-Thatha izibonelelo ezigqwethekileyo zentengiso ngaphandle kwenkqubo (isendleleni kwi-WTO)
-Urhulumente enze umsebenzi wakhe kwaye alandele ukuloba okungekho mthethweni, okungaxelwanga kunye nokulawulwayo (IUU)
-Yenza inkuthazo ukulungisa ingxaki yokuxhotyiswa ngamandla
– Ukudala iindawo ezikhuselweyo zaselwandle (ii-MPAs) zokubekela bucala iindawo zeentlanzi nezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana ukuze ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde zibuyele, ngaphandle komngcipheko wokubamba okanye umonakalo kwizixhobo zokuloba.

Umngeni
Zonke ezi zifuna intando yezopolitiko, ukuzibophelela kwamacala amaninzi, kunye nokuqonda ukuba eminye imida yangoku ingafuneka kwimpumelelo yexesha elizayo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kusekho amalungu oshishino lokuloba asebenzisa amandla awo abalulekileyo ezopolitiko ukuchasa imida yokubambisa, ukunciphisa ukhuseleko kwiiMPA, kunye, nokugcina inkxaso-mali. Kwangaxeshanye, kukwakho ukuqondwa okukhulayo kweemfuno zabalobi abasakhasayo kunye neendlela ezimbalwa zoqoqosho ezizezinye, iindlela ezisakhulayo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo elwandle ngokwandisa imveliso yeentlanzi emhlabeni, kunye nokwehla okucacileyo kumashishini amaninzi okuloba.

KwiSiseko se-Ocean, uluntu lwethu lwabaxhasi, abacebisi, ababoneleli, iinkokeli zeprojekthi, kunye noogxa bethu basebenzela izisombululo. Izisombululo ezithatha uluhlu lwamaqhinga, ziqwalaselwe ngononophelo iziphumo ezinokuthi zibe kho, kunye nobuchwepheshe obuvelayo bokuyila ikamva apho lonke ihlabathi lisenokungondliwa elwandle, kodwa ihlabathi liya kukwazi ukuxhomekeka elwandle njengenxalenye yolwandle. ukhuseleko lokutya kwihlabathi. Siyathemba ukuba uya kusijoyina.