Akunjalo nje Ezikhulu

Kwabo bakhathalele ulwandle lwethu, ubomi bangaphakathi, kunye noluntu oluxhomekeke kulwandlekazi olusempilweni- imbonakalo yokwanda kokusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso yolwandle isoyikisa wonke umsebenzi owenziwayo ukulungisa umonakalo okhoyo kwimisebenzi yabantu. Njengoko sizama ukunciphisa imimandla efileyo, ukwandisa ubuninzi beentlanzi, ukukhusela izilwanyana zaselwandle ezenzakalweni, kunye nokukhuthaza ubudlelwane obuhle bomntu nolwandle apho bonke ubomi bomntu buxhomekeke kuyo, into yokugqibela esiyidingayo kukwandiswa kwe-oyile ye-offshore. Ukuba ukuveliswa kweoli e-United States kumanqanaba erekhodi kuthetha ukuba akudingeki ukuba sivelise ingozi eyongezelelweyo kunye nomngcipheko ongaphezulu ngokufunyanwa kweoli kunye negesi kunye neenkqubo zokukhutshwa.  

Ufudo olugqunywe ngeoyile kufutshane neGulf of Mexico, 2010, Florida Fish and Wildlife/Blair Witherington

Ukuchitheka kwe-oyile enkulu kufana neenkanyamba ezinkulu- zibhalwe kwinkumbulo yethu ehlangeneyo: ukuchitheka kukaSanta Barbara ka-1969, ukuchitheka kwe-Exxon Valdez ka-1989 e-Alaska, kunye nentlekele ye-BP Deepwater Horizon ngo-2010, eyoyisa zonke ezinye emanzini ase-US. Abo bajamelana nazo okanye bazibonela ngawabo imiphumo yazo kumabonwakude—abanakukwazi ukuyilibala—Unxweme olumnyama, iintaka ezithanjiswe ioli, amahlengesi angakwaziyo ukuphefumla, iintlanzi ziyabulala, ibutho labantu abangoonokrwece, imisundululu, nezinye izinto ezinxibelelene nezinto eziphilayo. Nganye yale ngozi yakhokelela ekuphuculweni kokhuseleko kunye nokubeka iliso kwimisebenzi, iinkqubo zokuhlawulela ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wabantu kunye nokulimala kwizilwanyana zasendle, kunye nokusekwa kweendawo ezingcwele apho ukuchithwa kweoli kwakungavumelekanga njengendlela yokukhusela ezinye izinto ezisetyenziselwa ulwandle-kuquka ukubukela i-whale. , ukuzihlaziya nokuloba—neendawo zokuhlala ezaziwaxhasa. Kodwa umonakalo abawubangeleyo usaqhubeka nanamhlanje—ulinganiswa ngelahleko yobuninzi beentlobo zezityalo ezifana neherring, inzala kumahlengesi, nezinye iziphumo ezinokubakho.

-The Houma Courier, 1 January 2018

Kukho ukuchitheka kweoyile enzulu engenzi iphepha eliphambili okanye ngaphezulu kweyure yeendaba. Abantu abaninzi baphoswe kukuchitheka okukhulu kwiGulf of Mexico ngo-Okthobha ka-2017, apho umjelo omtsha onzulu wamanzi uvuze ngaphezu kweelitha ezingama-350,000. Akunjalo kuphela ukuchitheka okukhulu ukususela kwintlekele ye-BP, umthamo ochithekileyo wawulula ngokwaneleyo ukulinganisa ukuchithwa kwi-10 ephezulu kwixabiso leoli ekhutshwe emanzini olwandle. Ngokunjalo, ukuba awungowasekhaya, mhlawumbi awukhumbuli ukundululwa kwetanki e-Nantucket ngo-1976, okanye ukumiselwa kwe-Selendang Ayu e-Aleutians ngo-2004, zombini zikwezona ndawo ziphezulu ezilishumi zokuchitheka komthamo Amanzi ase-US. Iingozi ezifana nale zibonakala ngathi ziya kwenzeka rhoqo ukuba imisebenzi iya kuhamba kwiindawo ezinomngcipheko ophezulu okhulayo-amawaka eenyawo ngaphantsi komhlaba kwaye aphume emanzini angakhuselekanga ngaphandle konxweme kunye neemeko ezinzima ezifana ne-Arctic. 

Kodwa ayingomngcipheko wezinto ezingahambi kakuhle owenza ukombiwa kwe-oyile ekude nolwandle kube yinto ebona mfutshane, umonakalo ongeyomfuneko kumanzi ethu olwandle. Iziphumo ezininzi ezimbi zemisebenzi yokwemba i-oyile ngaphandle konxweme azihambelani neengozi. Kwanangaphambi kokuba ukwakhiwa kwezixhobo kunye nokutsalwa kuqale, ukuqhushumba kwemipu yomoya echaza uvavanyo lwenyikima kuyonakalisa izilwanyana zasendle kwaye kuphazamise ukuloba. Umkhondo we-oyile kunye nokutsalwa kwerhasi kwiGulf of Mexico ubandakanya i-5% yokhuseleko lwezixhobo zeoyile, kunye namawakawaka kunye namawakawaka eekhilomitha zemibhobho etyibilika emgangathweni wolwandle, kunye nokhukuliseko oluzinzileyo lwemigxobhozo enika ubomi elunxwemeni ekhusela uluntu lwethu. izaqhwithi. Iingozi ezongezelelweyo ziquka ingxolo eyongeziweyo emanzini ekubhobhozeni, ukuthuthwa, kunye neminye imisebenzi, ukulayishwa okunetyhefu okuvela kudaka lokwemba, umonakalo kwindawo yokuhlala ukusuka kuthungelwano olukhulayo lwemibhobho efakwe kumhlaba wolwandle, kunye nentsebenziswano embi kunye nezilwanyana zaselwandle, kuquka iminenga, amahlengesi; iintlanzi, neentaka zolwandle.  

Deepwater Horizon Fire, 2010, EPI2oh

Ixesha lokugqibela lokwandisa ukombiwa kwe-oyile elwandle kwacetywa kuluntu lwasemanzini ase-US kulo lonke unxweme lwadibana. Ukusuka eFlorida ukuya eNorth Carolina ukuya eNew York, bavakalisa i-alamu malunga nemiphumo yezakhiwo ezinkulu zoshishino emanzini ezixhasa indlela yabo yokuphila. Bavakalisa ukuxhalaba okusenokubakho kukhenketho, kwizilwanyana zasendle, kwiintsapho ezilobayo, ekubukeleni iminenga nasekuzonwabiseni. Babonise inkxalabo yokuba ukungaphumeleli ukunyanzelisa ukhuseleko kunye neendlela zokuthintela ukuchithwa kungakhokelela kwintlekele ngakumbi emanzini avulekileyo ePacific, i-Atlantic, ne-Arctic. Okokugqibela, babecacelwe ngenkolelo yabo yokuba ukubeka emngciphekweni ushishino lokuloba, izilwanyana zaselwandle, kunye nembonakalo-mhlaba engaselunxwemeni kubeka emngciphekweni ilifa lobuncwane bethu obumangalisayo esibutyala izizukulwana ezizayo.

Lixesha lokuba ezo ndawo zoluntu, kunye nathi sonke, sihlangane kwakhona. Kufuneka sibandakanye iinkokheli zethu zakwarhulumente nezengingqi ekuqondeni ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani na ukwalathisa ikamva lethu lolwandle ngeendlela ezingonakalisi umsebenzi wangoku wezoqoqosho. 

ILoon egqunywe ngeoyile, iTrish Carney/MarinePhotoBank

Kufuneka sibuze ukuba kutheni. Kutheni le nto kufuneka iinkampani ze-oyile nerhasi zivunyelwe ukuba zenze ushishino ngokusisigxina kwindawo yethu yolwandle ngenzuzo yabucala? Kutheni le nto kufuneka sikholelwe ukuba ukomba oluvulekileyo lwaselwandle linyathelo elilungileyo kubudlelwane beMelika nolwandle? Kutheni le nto sibeka phambili izinto eziyingozi neziyingozi? Kutheni le nto singayitshintsha imithetho efuna ukuba iinkampani zamandla zibe ngabamelwane abalungileyo kwaye zikhusele okuhle koluntu?

Kufuneka sibuze ntoni. Yeyiphi imfuno yabantu baseMelika eyenza ukombiwa kweoyile elwandle kuxabiseke emngciphekweni kuluntu lwaseMelika? Zeziphi iziqinisekiso esinokukholelwa kuzo ngenene njengoko izaqhwithi ziya zisiba qatha ngakumbi kwaye singaqikeleleki? Ziziphi ezinye iindlela ezinokusetyenziswa ukombiwa kweoyile nerhasi ezihambelanayo nabantu abasempilweni kunye neelwandlekazi ezisempilweni?

Usuku lwama-30 lokuchitheka kweoli ye-Deepwater Horizon kwiGulf yaseMexico, ngo-2010, iGreen Fire Productions.

Kufuneka sibuze ukuba njani. Singawuthethelela njani umonakalo owenzeka kuluntu oluxhomekeke ekulobeni, kukhenketho, nakulimo lwasemanzini? Singawathintela njani amashumi eminyaka okubuyisela amashishini okuloba, inani lezilwanyana ezanyisayo zaselwandle, nendawo yokuhlala engaselunxwemeni ngokushenxisa imithetho exhasa ukuziphatha kakuhle? 

Kufuneka sibuze ukuba ngubani. Ngubani oza kuhlangana kwaye achase ukuqhubeka koshishino lwamanzi aseMelika? Ngubani na oya kunyuka athethele izizukulwana ezizayo? Ngubani oza kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iindawo esihlala kuzo ezingaselunxwemeni zikwazi ukuqhubeka zikhula?  

Kwaye siyayazi impendulo. Ubomi bezigidi zabantu baseMelika busesichengeni. Intlalontle yamanxweme ethu isesichengeni. Ikamva lolwandle lwethu kunye namandla alo okuvelisa ioksijini kunye nemozulu ephakathi kusemngciphekweni. Impendulo ithi. Singadibana kunye. Singathethathethana neenkokheli zethu zoluntu. Sinokubabongoza abenzi bezigqibo zethu. Singayenza icace into yokuba simela ulwandle, uluntu lwethu oluselunxwemeni, kunye nezizukulwana ezizayo.

Thatha ipeni yakho, ithebhulethi yakho, okanye ifowuni yakho. 5-Calls yenza kube lula ukuqhagamshelana nabameli bakho kunye nokuvakalisa inkxalabo yakho. Unako kwakhona ukulwa isoyikiso kwaye usayine yethu CURRENTS uxwebhu lwezikhalazo malunga nokugrumba elunxwemeni kwaye uvumele abenzi bezigqibo bazi ukuba kwanele. Amanxweme aseMelika kunye nolwandle lilifa lethu kunye nelifa lethu. Akukho mfuneko yokunika iinkampani ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe ukufikelela okungathintelwanga kulwandle lwethu. Akukho mfuneko yokubeka emngciphekweni iintlanzi zethu, amahlengesi ethu, iimanatee zethu, okanye iintaka zethu. Akukho mfuneko yokuphazamisa indlela yokuphila ye-waterman okanye umngcipheko weebhedi ze-oyster kunye namadlelo engca yolwandle apho ubomi buxhomekeke khona. Sinokuthi hayi. Sinokuthi kukho enye indlela. 

Yeyolwandle,
Mark J. Spalding, uMongameli