Ukubeka iliso kwiMva:

Kwiminyaka esixhenxe eyadlulayo, sazilela ukusweleka kwabalishumi elinanye abasweleke kugqabhuko-dubulo lwe-Deepwater Horizon, kwaye sabukela ngokoyikeka okukhulayo njengoko umsinga we-oyile ugalelwa kumanzi asezantsi eGulf of Mexico usiya kwamanye awona manzi maninzi elizwekazi lethu. Njenganamhlanje, kwakusentlakohlaza kwaye iyantlukwano yobomi yayityebile.  

ityhuna ye-Atlantic bluefin iye yafudukela apho ukuze izale kwaye yayikwincopho yokuzala. Iidolphin ze-bottlenose zizale ekuqaleni kobusika kwaye ngoko bobabini abancinci nabadala baye bavezwa, ngakumbi e-Bataria Bay, esinye seziza ezichaphazeleke kakhulu. Yayilixesha lokuzalela iindlwane ezimdaka ngembaxa. Iingqaqa ezisempilweni, ezivelisa iimbatyisi zazifumaneka lula. Izikhephe zohlobo lweshrimps beziphumile zibambe ibrown kunye nezinye iishrimps. Iintaka ezifudukayo zazinqumama emigxobhozweni zisiya kwiindawo ezizalela kuzo ehlotyeni. Inani elikhethekileyo labemi beminenga enqabileyo ye-Bryde's (ebizwa ngokuba yi-Broo-dus) etyiswa kubunzulu be-Gulf, ekuphela konyaka wonke umhlali we-baleen whale kwi-Gulf.  

Ekugqibeleni, indawo yokuhlala ityhuna eyotyiweyo iyodwa yayimalunga ne-3.1 yezigidi zeekhilomitha. UGqr. Barbara Block weTag-A-Giant kunye neYunivesithi yaseStanford uthe, "Abemi be-tuna ye-bluefin kwi-Gulf of Mexico baye bazama ukuphinda bakhe amanqanaba anempilo ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30," kusho uBlock. “Ezi ntlanzi ngabantu abakhethekileyo ngokwemfuza, kwaye ngenxa yoko uxinzelelo olufana nokuchitheka kweoyile ye-Deepwater Horizon, nokuba kuncinci, kunokuba neziphumo zomgangatho wabantu. Kunzima ukulinganisa ukufunwa kwabantu abavela kwiGulf of Mexico emva ko-2010, njengoko intlanzi ithatha ixesha elide ukungena kushishino lokuloba apho kujongwa khona, ngoko ke sihlala sixhalabile.”¹

I-NOAA inqume ukuba ngaphantsi kwe-100 iminenga ye-Bryde ehlala kwiGulf of Mexico. Nangona zikhuselwe phantsi koMthetho woKhuseleko lweMammal Marine, i-NOAA ifuna uluhlu olongezelelweyo phantsi koMthetho wezilwanyana eziseMngciphekweni weGulf of Mexico Bryde's whales.

Kubonakala ngathi kukho inkxalabo eqhubekayo malunga nokubuyiswa kwe-shrimp, i-oyster reefs, kunye nezinye iintlobo zentengiso kunye nezokuzonwabisa zamanzi etyuwa. “Ukuthambisa” kwengca yolwandle kunye neendawo ezinomgxobhozo zibulale izityalo ezizinzisa intlenga, nto leyo eshiya imimandla isesichengeni sokhukuliseko, nto leyo eyenza mandundu indlela ekudala ikho. Amazinga okuzala amahlengesi e-Bottlenose abonakala ehle kakhulu-kwaye ukufa kwamahlengesi aqolileyo kubonakala kuphezulu. Ngokufutshane, kwiminyaka esixhenxe kamva, iGulf of Mexico lisachacha kakhulu.

Amakhulu ezigidi zeedola athululela kummandla weGulf ukusuka kwiifayini kunye neemali zokuhlala ezihlawulwe yi-BP yokubuyiselwa kwexabiso lezoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo kweGulf. Siyazi ukuba ukubekwa esweni okuqhubekayo kubalulekile ekuqondeni kwethu impembelelo epheleleyo yezi ntlobo zeziganeko zentlekele kunye neenzame zethu zokubuyisela iinkqubo. Iinkokeli zoluntu zasekuhlaleni ziyaqonda ukuba ngelixa ukunyuka kweemali kuxabiseke kwaye kuncede kakhulu, ixabiso elipheleleyo leGulf kunye neenkqubo zalo azikho kwiminyaka eyi-7 edlulileyo. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka sikulumkele ukuvunywa kwazo naziphi na iindlela ezimfutshane kwiinkqubo ezithe zasekwa ukuzama ukuthintela ukuqhushumba okunjalo ukuba kungenzeki kwakhona. Ukulahleka kobomi babantu kunye nemiphumo yexesha elide kuluntu lwabantu kunye nolwandle ngokufanayo alufanelekanga inzuzo yezoqoqosho yexesha elifutshane yabambalwa ngeendleko zezigidi.

¹ UGqr. Barbara Block, Iindaba zaseStanford, 30 Septemba 2016, http://news.stanford.edu/2016/09/30/deepwater-horizon-oil-spill-impacted-bluefin-tuna-spawning-habitat-gulf-mexico/