Uhlahlelo olutsha: Ityala leShishini leMigodi yoLwandle oluNzulu-Kunzima kakhulu kwaye kuBanzi akungqinwanga-Ayongezi.

Ingxelo ifumanisa ukuba amaqhuqhuva okutsala afakwe emgangathweni wolwandle azele yimiceli mngeni yobugcisa kwaye ayikuhoyi ukunyuka kwezinto ezintsha ezinokususa imfuneko yokwembiwa kwemigodi enzulu elwandle; ilumkisa abatyali-zimali ukuba bacinge kabini phambi kokuba baxhase ishishini elingangqinwanga

WASHINGTON, DC (2024 ngoFebruwari 29) - Ngeengozi zokusingqongileyo zokumbiwa kwemigodi ulwandle olunzulu sele lubhalwe kakuhle, a ingxelo entsha inika olona vavanyo lubanzi ukuza kuthi ga ngoku malunga nendlela elisebenza ngayo ishishini ngokwezoqoqosho, iveza imizekelo yalo engeyonyani yezemali, imicelimngeni yobuchwepheshe kunye namathemba amabi emarike athi ajongele phantsi amandla alo okwenza inzuzo. 

Ikhutshwe njengoko urhulumente wase-US ecinga ukuzibandakanya kwimigodi enzulu yolwandle kumanzi asekhaya kunye naphambi kwentlanganiso ekulindeleke kakhulu ye-International Seabed Authority (ngoMatshi 18-29) - iqumrhu elijongene nokulawula imigodi yolwandle olunzulu kwiilwandle eziphakamileyo zamazwe ngamazwe. - Uphononongo lubeka imingcipheko yotyalo-mali kushishino olutsalwayo olungangqinwanga lulungiselela ukuthengisa ubutyebi obungahlaziyekiyo obungaziwayo kwaye bubonakala ngokunyukayo kokusingqongileyo, intlalo yoluntu kunye nezoqoqosho.

“Xa kufikwa kumba wokumbiwa kwemigodi enzulu elwandle, abatyali-zimali kufuneka balumke kwaye bathathele ingqalelo inkuthalo,” utshilo uBobbi-Jo Dobush weOcean Foundation kunye nomnye wababhali bale ngxelo. I-Deep Seabed Mining ayiwufanelanga umngcipheko wezezimali. “Ukuzama ukumba izimbiwa kumgangatho wolwandle ngumzamo woshishino ongangqinwanga ogcwele ukungaqiniseki kobugcisa, kwezemali, kunye nolawulo. Ngaphezu koko, ishishini lijongene nenkcaso eyomeleleyo yeMveli kunye neenkxalabo zamalungelo oluntu. Zonke ezi zinto zongeza kumngcipheko omkhulu wemali nomthetho onokubakho kubatyali-zimali bakarhulumente nababucala.”

Enye yezona flegi zibomvu, ngokutsho kwengxelo, yeyoshishino iimodeli zemali ezinethemba ngokungekho ngqiqweni ezingahoyiyo ezilandelayo:

• Ubunzima obukhulu bobugcisa ekutsalweni kubunzulu obungazange bubonwe ngaphambili ngaphantsi komphezulu. Ngo-Fall ka-2022, ulingo lokuqala lwengqokelela yezemigodi enzulu elwandle (DSM) kumanzi aphesheya, olwenziwa ngomyinge omncinci kakhulu, lwaba neempembelelo ezibalulekileyo zetekhnoloji. Abakhi-mkhanyo baye baqaphela indlela ekunzima kwaye engalindelekanga ngayo ukusebenza ezinzulwini zolwandle.
• Imarike yezimbiwa eguquguqukayo. Abaphambili baye bakhe izicwangciso zoshishino kwingcinga yokuba imfuno yezimbiwa ezithile ezinokufumaneka kulwandle olunzulu iya kuqhubeka nokukhula. Nangona kunjalo, amaxabiso esinyithi awazange anyuke ngokuhambelana nemveliso yemoto yombane: phakathi kwe-2016 kunye ne-2023 imveliso ye-EV inyuke nge-2,000% kunye namaxabiso e-cobalt ehla nge-10%. Ingxelo egunyaziswe nguGunyaziwe woLwandle lwaMazwe ngaMazwe (ISA) yafumanisa ukuba kukho ukungaqiniseki okuphezulu malunga namaxabiso eentsimbi zorhwebo xa iikontraka ziqala ukuvelisa, okukhokelela ekubeni kunokwenzeka ukuba izimbiwa ezinexabiso eliphezulu ezisuka elwandle azikhuphisani kwaye ngoko zenza inzuzo encinci okanye zingabikho ngeniso. .
• Kuya kubakho a iindleko ezinkulu zokusebenza kwangaphambili ezinxulumene neDSM, ngokuhambelana nemizi-mveliso ephezulu yokuvelisa, kuquka ioli negesi. Akukho ngqiqweni ukucinga ukuba iiprojekthi zeDSM ziya kuhamba ngcono kuneeprojekthi zemizi-mveliso eziqhelekileyo, isibini esithathwini esidlula uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali ngomyinge wama-50%.

"Izimbiwa ze-seabed - i-nickel, i-cobalt, i-manganese, kunye nobhedu - "ayiyo ibhetri etyeni" njengoko iinkampani zemigodi zibanga. Ezinye zezi zimbiwa zinika amandla ubuchwephesha besizukulwana sokugqibela kwiibhetri zezithuthi zombane kodwa abenzi beemoto sele befumana iindlela ezingcono nezikhuselekileyo zombane webhetri,” utshilo uMaddie Warner weThe Ocean Foundation nomnye wababhali abaphambili bale ngxelo. “Kungekudala, izinto ezintsha kumandla ebhetri ziya kuthika imfuno yezimbiwa eziselwandle.”

Iindleko ezinokubakho kunye namatyala enziwa mandundu zizisongelo ezaziwayo nezingaziwayo kuzo zonke iinkalo ze-DSM, okwenza imbuyekezo yotyalo-mali ingaqinisekanga. Ezi zoyikiso ziquka:

• Imimiselo engaphelelanga kumanqanaba kazwelonke nawezizwe ngezizwe, ngokokuqulunqwa kwawo ngoku, balindele iindleko ezomeleleyo kunye namatyala agqithisileyo. Oku kubandakanya iziqinisekiso / iibhondi zemali kwangaphambili, iimfuno ezisisinyanzelo ze-inshurensi, uxanduva olungqongqo lweenkampani kunye neemfuno zokubekwa kweliso ixesha elide.
• Iinkxalabo zodumo ezinxulumene neenkampani zeDSM ezihamba phambili. Ukuqaliswa kwasekuqaleni akuzange kubangele ingozi okanye umonakalo wokwenyani wokuchitheka kwendalo okanye uqhanqalazo kwizicwangciso zabo zoshishino, ukunika abatyali-mali abanokubakho kunye nabenzi-zigqibo umfanekiso ongaphelelanga. Umzekelo, xa i-Metals Company (TMC) yaqala ukudweliswa kwi-stock exchange yase-US, uluntu lwaxoxa ukuba ukufakwa kwayo kokuqala akuzange kuveze ngokwaneleyo umngcipheko; iKomishoni yoTshintshiselwano lwezoKhuseleko yavuma kwaye ifuna i-TMC ukuba ifake uhlaziyo.
• Ukungacaci malunga nokuba ngubani oza kuhlawula iindleko yomonakalo kwizinto eziphilayo zolwandle.  
• Uthelekiso olulahlekisayo kwimigodi yomhlaba kunye namabango okusiNgqongileyo, iNtlalo, kunye noLawulo (ESG) abaxekileyo.

Okongeza kuyo yonke le mingcipheko luxinzelelo olukhulayo lwamazwe ngamazwe lokumisa ukomba enzulu olwandle. Okwangoku, amazwe angama-24 acele ukuvalwa, ukumiswa, okanye ukunqumama kolu shishino.

Ngokukhulayo, iibhanki, amaziko emali kunye nee-inshorensi nazo zibangele ukuthandabuza ekusebenzeni koshishino. NgoJulayi ka-2023, amaziko emali angama-37 abongoze oorhulumente ukuba banqumame ukumbiwa kwemigodi enzulu de kuqondwe imingcipheko yendalo esingqongileyo, yentlalontle, kunye nezoqoqosho kwaye ezinye iindlela ezinokusetyenziswa endaweni yezimbiwa ezinzulu zolwandle ziye zaphononongwa.

"Imingeni enzima kufuneka igqitywe ngaphambi kokuba i-DSM iqondwe njengezoqoqosho okanye njengeshishini elinoxanduva elinokwenza igalelo elihle kwezoqoqosho kuluntu," isitatimende sithi. Iibhanki kwihlabathi jikelele eziquka iLloyds, iNatWest, iStandard Chartered, i-ABN Amro, kunye ne-BBVA nazo ziye zaluphepha ushishino.

Ukongeza, iinkampani ezingama-39 zityikitye izibhambathiso zokungatyali mali kwi-DSM, zingavumeli izimbiwa zembiwa ukuba zingene kuthungelwano lwazo lokubonelela kwaye zingafumani izimbiwa kulwandle olunzulu. Ezi nkampani ziquka iGoogle, iSamsung, iPhilips, iPatagonia, iBMW, iRivian, iVolkswagen kunye neSalesforce.

Equbha nxamnye nomsinga, amanye amazwe, njengeNorway neZiqithi zikaCook, aye avula amanzi elizwe lawo ukuze ahlole imisebenzi yemigodi. Urhulumente wase-US bekulindeleke ukuba akhuphe ingxelo ngoMatshi woku-1 evavanya ukusebenza kweli shishini ngaphakathi, ngelixa i-TMC inesicelo esisalindele ukuxhaswa ngurhulumente wase-US ukuze kwakhiwe umzi-mveliso wokusetyenzwa kwezimbiwa e-Texas. Amazwe afuna ukumbiwa kwemigodi enzulu elwandle ayanda ngokwanda kwinqanaba lehlabathi. “Njengokuba abathunywa belungiselela iSeshini ye-29 ye-International Seabed Authority (iCandelo lokuQala), ebanjwe ukusuka nge-18-29 Matshi 2024 e-Kingston, eJamaica, le ngxelo inika isikhokelo malunga nendlela abatyali-mali kunye nabenzi bezigqibo zikarhulumente abanokuvavanya ngokubanzi umngcipheko wezezimali. yemisebenzi yemigodi enzulu enzulu yolwandle,” utshilo uMark. J. Spalding, uMongameli, i-Ocean Foundation.

Uyicaphula njani le ngxelo: Ipapashwe yi-Ocean Foundation. Ababhali: uBobbi-Jo Dobush kunye noMaddie Warner. 29 February 2024. Umbulelo okhethekileyo kwigalelo kunye nophononongo oluvela kuNeil Nathan, Kelly Wang, Martin Webeler, Andy Whitmore, kunye noVictor Vescovo.

Ngolunye ulwazi:
Alec Caso ([imeyile ikhuselwe]; 310-488-5604)
USusan Tonassi ([imeyile ikhuselwe]; 202-716-9665)

Malunga ne-Ocean Foundation

Njengokuphela kwesiseko soluntu solwandle, injongo ye-Ocean Foundation's 501(c) (3) kukuphucula impilo yolwandle lwehlabathi, ukumelana nemozulu, kunye noqoqosho oluluhlaza. Senza intsebenziswano ukuze sidibanise bonke abantu kwiindawo esisebenza kuzo kulwazi, ubugcisa, kunye nemithombo yemali abayidingayo ukuze bafezekise iinjongo zabo zobugosa elwandle. I-Ocean Foundation yenza amalinge enkqubo engundoqo ukwenza isayensi yolwandle ilingane ngakumbi, iqhubekisele phambili ukomelela okuluhlaza, ukulungisa ungcoliseko lweplastiki yaselwandle yehlabathi jikelele, kunye nokuphuhlisa ulwazi lolwandle kwiinkokeli zemfundo yaselwandle. Ikwaphethe iiprojekthi ezingaphezulu kwama-55 kumazwe angama-25.