Icandelo lesi-2: Isiphumo sotyando- into ethwalwa lulwandle ukuya ekhaya

Ngu-Angel Braestrup, uSihlalo, iBhodi yabaCebisi, i-Ocean Foundation

Ehlabathini lonke, i-2012 kunye ne-2013 iya kukhunjulwa ngezixa ezingaqhelekanga zemvula, iziphango ezinamandla, kunye nezikhukhula ezingazange zibonwe ngaphambili ukusuka eBangladesh ukuya e-Argentina; ukusuka eKenya ukuya eOstreliya. IKrisimesi ka-2013 yazisa isaqhwithi sasebusika esinamandla ngokungaqhelekanga kunye nezikhukhula eziyintlekele kunye nezinye iziphumo eSt. Lucia, eTrinidad naseTobago; kunye nezinye izizwe zesiqithi, ezifana ne-United Kingdom apho izaqhwithi ezongezelelweyo zandisa nje umonakalo ukususela ekuqaleni kwerekhodi likaDisemba. Kwaye akuphelelanga nje kumda wolwandle apho uluntu luziva utshintsho. 

Ngoku nje kwekwindla, iColorado yafumana isiganeko esinye kwi-1000 yeminyaka yezikhukula ukusuka kwizaqhwithi ezithwalwa ezintabeni ukusuka kumanzi afudumeleyo ePasifiki. NgoNovemba, izaqhwithi kunye nezaqhwithi zibangele umonakalo ongaphezulu kwebhiliyoni yeedola kulo lonke elaseMidwest. Kwaye, umba ofanayo wobutyobo ujongene noluntu oluchaphazelekayo njengoko lwenzayo eJapan emva kwetsunami ka-2011, isiqithi sasePhilippine saseLeyte sisuka kwiTyphoon Haiyan ngo-2013, eNew York naseNew Jersey emva kweSuperstorm Sandy ngo-2012, kunye neGulf Coast. ekuvukeni kukaKatrina, Ike, Gustav, kunye nesiqingatha seshumi elinesibini lezaqhwithi kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo.

Ibhlog yam yangaphambili yathetha malunga nokuhamba kwamanzi ukusuka elwandle, nokuba kuphuma kwizaqhwithi okanye kwiinyikima, kunye nentshabalalo eyishiya ngasemva emhlabeni. Ukanti, asingomsinga wamanzi ofikayo kuphela owenza umonakalo omkhulu kubuncwane baselunxwemeni—kokubini okwakhiwe ngabantu kunye nendalo. Yinto eyenzekayo xa loo manzi ephuma ephuma kwakhona, ephethe inkunkuma evela kwingxakeko yawo eyonakalisayo kunye nesuphu entsonkothileyo etsala izithako kwisakhiwo ngasinye esidlulayo, phantsi kwayo yonke i-sink, kwigunjana ngalinye labagcini, ivenkile ye-auto mechanic, kunye neyomileyo. isicoci, kunye nokuba yeyiphi idetritus amanzi ayichola kwimigqomo yenkunkuma, iindawo zokulahla inkunkuma, iindawo zokwakha, kunye nezinye iindawo ezakhiweyo.

Kwiilwandlekazi, asimele sicinge nje ngesaqhwithi okanye itsunami, kodwa nemiphumo. Ukucoca emva kwezi qhwithi ngumsebenzi omkhulu ongapheleliyo ekomisweni okulula kumagumbi akhukulisekileyo, ukutshintsha iimoto ezikhukulisekileyo, okanye ukwakha ngokutsha iindlela zokuhamba. Kananjalo ayithethisani neentaba zemithi ewisiweyo, iimfumba zentlenga, nezidumbu zezilwanyana ezirhaxwayo. Ngasinye kwisaqhwithi esikhulu okanye isehlo setsunami sithwala inkunkuma, ulwelo oluyityhefu, kunye nolunye ungcoliseko lubuyela elwandle.

Amanzi aphehlayo angathatha zonke izicoci phantsi kwamawaka eetsinki, yonke ipeyinti endala kumawaka egaraji, yonke ipetroli, ioyile, kunye neefriji ezisuka kumawaka eemoto kunye nezixhobo zombane, kwaye ziyixube kwisuphu enetyhefu epheleleyo nazo zonke. umva wokuhlamba umva kwiinkqubo zogutyulo kunye neplastiki nezinye izitya ebibanjelwe kuzo. Ngequbuliso into eyayihleli ngokungenabungozi (ubukhulu becala) emhlabeni ikhukulisa imigxobhozo eselunxwemeni nakumanzi akufuphi nonxweme, amahlathi eengrove, nakwezinye iindawo apho izilwanyana nezityalo zinokungena kuzo. sele bezabalaza kwiziphumo zophuhliso lomntu. Yongeza amawaka aliqela eetoni zamalungu omthi, amagqabi, isanti kunye nenye intlenga ethi itshayelwe kunye nayo kwaye kukho amandla okugquma iindawo zokuhlala ezichumayo zomgangatho wolwandle, ukusuka kwiibhedi zoonokrwece ukuya kwiingqaqa zekorale ukuya kumadlelo engca yolwandle.

Asinazo isicwangciso esicwangcisiweyo seziphumo zasemva kwala maza atshabalalisayo amanzi kuluntu oluselunxwemeni, amahlathi, imigxobhozo kunye nezinye izibonelelo. Ukuba ibikukuchitheka kwemizi-mveliso okuqhelekileyo, besiya kuba nenkqubo yokuxhasa ukwaphulwa kokucoca nokubuyisela. Njengokuba kunjalo, asinayo indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkampani kunye noluntu luyikhusela ngcono ityhefu yabo ngaphambi kokufika kwesitshingitshane, okanye sicwangcisele iziphumo zazo zonke ezo zinto ziqukuqela kunye ukuya kumanzi akufuphi nonxweme ngaxeshanye. Ekuvukeni kwe-tsunami yaseJapan ye-2011, umonakalo kwisityalo samandla enyukliya se-Fukushima songeze amanzi angcolileyo e-radioactive kumxube-intsalela enetyhefu ebonakala ngoku kwizicubu zezilwanyana zaselwandle ezifana ne-tuna.

Kufuneka sitshintshele ekuzilungiseleleni ngcono izaqhwithi ezingaphaya kwamandla amakhulu kunye nemvula eyongezelelekileyo kwaye mhlawumbi namandla angaphezulu kunokuba besinawo kwixesha elidlulileyo. Kufuneka sicinge ngemiphumo yezikhukula, izandyondyo zemvula, nezinye izantyalantyala zemvula ngequbuliso. Kufuneka sicinge ngendlela esakha ngayo kunye nento esiyisebenzisayo. Kwaye kufuneka sakhe ngokutsha iinkqubo zendalo ezisebenza njengezinto ezifunxa ukothuka kwabona bamelwane bethu basemngciphekweni wolwandle namanzi acwengileyo—imigxobhozo, amahlathi aselunxwemeni, iindunduma—zonke izithinteli zendalo ezixhasa ubomi obutyebileyo nobuninzi bamanzi.

Yintoni ke esinokuyenza xa sijamelene namandla anjalo? Singawanceda njani amanzi ethu ukuba ahlale esempilweni? Ewe, sinokuqala ngento esiyisebenzisa yonke imihla. Jonga phantsi kwesinki yakho. Jonga egaraji. Yintoni oyigcinayo ekufuneka ilahlwe ngokufanelekileyo? Zeziphi iintlobo zezikhongozeli ezinokuthatha indawo yezo zeplastiki? Zeziphi iimveliso onokuzisebenzisa eziya kukhuseleka ngakumbi emoyeni, emhlabeni, naselwandle ukuba into engalindelekanga inokwenzeka? Ungayikhusela njani ipropathi yakho, ukuya kuthi ga kwiitoti zakho zenkunkuma, ukuze ungabi yinxalenye yengxaki ngempazamo? Uluntu lwakho lungadibana njani ukuze lucinge kwangaphambili?

Uluntu lwethu lunokugxila kwiindawo zokuhlala zendalo eziyinxalenye yeenkqubo eziphilileyo zasemanzini ezinokusabela ngcono ekuthotyweni kwamanzi ngequbuliso, inkunkuma, ityhefu, kunye nentlenga. Imigxobhozo engaphakathi elizweni naselunxwemeni, amahlathi agudle umlambo namahlathi, iindunduma zentlabathi nee<em>mangrove zezinye zeendawo zokuhlala ezimanzi esinokuzikhusela size sizibuyisele.[1] I-Marshlands ivumela amanzi angenayo ukuba asasazeke, kwaye amanzi aphumayo asasazeke, kwaye onke amanzi ahlanjululwe ngaphambi kokungena echibini, umlambo, okanye ulwandle ngokwalo. Ezi ndawo zokuhlala zinokusebenza njengezowuni zogcino, zisivumela ukuba sizicoce ngokulula ngakumbi. Njengezinye iinkqubo zendalo, iindawo zokuhlala ezahlukeneyo zixhasa iimfuno zeentlobo ezininzi zaselwandle ukuze zikhule, zivelise kwaye zichume. Kwaye yimpilo yabamelwane bethu baselwandle esifuna ukuyikhusela kwingozi eyenziwe ngabantu yale mikhwa emitsha yemvula ebangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwiindawo zoluntu kunye neenkqubo zonxweme.

[1] Ukhuselo lwendalo lunokukhusela ngcono amanxweme, http://www.climatecentral.org/news/natural-defenses-can-best-protect-coasts-says-study-16864