Inkomfa yeSeaWeb eZinzileyo yokutya kwaselwandle
Inkomfa ye-SeaWeb eZinzileyo yokutya kwaselwandle-iNew Orleans ngo-2015
nguMark J. Spalding, uMongameli
Njengoko usenokuba uqaphele kwezinye izithuba, kwiveki ephelileyo bendiseNew Orleans ukuya kwinkomfa yeSeaWeb Sustainable Seafood. Amakhulu-khulu abalobi, iingcaphephe zezokuloba, amagosa karhulumente, abameli beeNGO, abapheki, i-aquaculture kunye nabanye abaphathi beshishini, kunye namagosa esiseko ahlanganisene ukuze afunde ngeenzame eziqhubekayo zokwenza ukusetyenziswa kweentlanzi kuzinze ngakumbi kwinqanaba ngalinye. Ndaya kwiNgqungquthela yokugqibela ye-Seafood, eyayibanjelwe e-Hong Kong ngo-2013. Kwakucacile ukuba wonke umntu oye waya eNew Orleans wayenomdla wokubuyela kunye ukuze abelane ngolwazi kwaye afunde malunga neenzame ezintsha zokuzinza. Ndabelana nawe apha ngezinye zezinto eziphambili.
Sikhokele ngentetho ephambili kaDkt Kathryn Sullivan, phantsi koNobhala wezoRhwebo kwiiLwandle kunye ne-Atmosphere kunye noMlawuli we-NOAA. Ngokukhawuleza emva koko, kwakukho iqela elaliquka uRussell Smith, usekela-nobhala oncedisayo kwi-International Fisheries ku-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, onoxanduva lokongamela umsebenzi we-NOAA namanye amazwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba iintlanzi zilawulwa ngokuzinzileyo. Eli gqiza lathetha ngengxelo evela kwiQela likaMongameli eliSebenzayo lokuNyusa ngokungekho mthethweni, okungaxelwanga nokungalawulwayo (IUU) noBuqhetseba ngokutya kwaselwandle kunye nesicwangciso-qhinga sabo sokuphumeza ebesilindelwe ngabomvu. UMongameli u-Obama uyalele iQela eliSebenzayo ukuba likhuphe izindululo kumanyathelo urhulumente anokuthi awathabathe ukubeka phambili amanyathelo okulungisa ukuloba kwe-IUU kunye nokukhusela oku kutya kuxabisekileyo kunye nemithombo yobutyebi bendalo.
Ikhohlakele Kodwa Imnandi, iNational Marine Sanctuary Foundation's Atlantic Lionfish Cookoff: Ngenye ingokuhlwa, sahlanganisana ukuze sibukele abapheki abasixhenxe abadumileyo abavela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zaseUnited States belungisa i-lionfish ngendlela yabo ekhethekileyo. Ilungu leBhodi yabaCebisi be-TOF u-Bart Seaver wayeyinkosi yomsitho walo msitho, owawuyilelwe ukuqaqambisa umngeni omkhulu wokususa uhlobo oluhlaselayo xa sele luqalile ukukhula. Ukulandelelwa ngaphantsi kwe-10 yabasetyhini abalahlwe kwi-Atlantiki ukusuka eFlorida, i-lionfish ngoku inokufunyanwa kulo lonke elaseCaribbean kunye neGulf of Mexico. Ukukhuthaza ukubanjwa kwazo ukuze zisetyenziswe sesinye isicwangciso esenzelwe ukumelana nesi siqwenga silambileyo. I-lionfish, eyayifudula idumile kurhwebo lwe-aquarium, inzalelwane yoLwandlekazi lwePasifiki apho ingeyiyo yonke into etyiwayo, ivelisa ngokukhawuleza i-carnivore ethe yaba seAtlantiki.
Ndisifumene esi siganeko sinomdla ngakumbi kuba iNkqubo yoPhando lwaseLwandle yaseCuba yeTOF yenza iprojekthi yokuphendula umbuzo: Leliphi inqanaba lenzame zokususa ngezandla eziyimfuneko ukunciphisa inani le-lionfish elihlaselayo eCuba, kunye nokunciphisa iziphumo zazo kwiintlobo zendalo kunye nokuloba? Lo mbuzo uye wasonjululwa ngaphandle kwempumelelo ingako kwenye indawo, kuba ukubhidanisa iziphumo zoluntu kuzo zombini iintlanzi zomthonyama kunye nabemi be-lionfish (okt, ukuzingelwa ngokungekho mthethweni kwii-MPAs okanye ukulobela ukuziphilisa nge-lionfish) kube nzima ukuyilungisa. ECuba nangona kunjalo, ukulandela lo mbuzo kunokwenzeka kwi-MPA ekhuselweyo efana Izitiya or Ipaki yeSizwe yaseGuanahacabibes kwintshona Cuba. Kwezo MPAs zinyanzeliswe kakuhle, ukubanjiswa kwazo zonke izinto eziphilayo zaselwandle, kuquka i-lionfish, kulawulwa ngokungqongqo, ngoko ke iimpembelelo zabantu kwiintlanzi zomthonyama kunye ne-lionfish ziyinto eyaziwayo-ikwenza kube lula ukumisela ukuba yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ukuze ukwabelana nabaphathi kummandla wonke.
Uzinzo loShishino lwaseluNxwemeni: Ukulawula ngeNgxaki kunye nokuZinzisa ngokuDiversification kwakuyiseshini encinci yokuphumla eyabanjwa emva kwesidlo sasemini ngosuku lokuqala olwasinika imizekelo emihle yabantu baseLouisiana basekhaya abasebenza ukwenza ukuloba kwabo kuzinzileyo kwaye kuxhathise ngakumbi kwiziganeko ezinkulu ezifana neNkanyamba uKatrina noRita (2005), kunye neBP Oil Spill (2010). XNUMX). Olunye ushishino olutsha olunika umdla oluzanywa luluntu lukhenketho lwenkcubeko eBayou.
ULance Nacio ungumzekelo womnye umlobi wasekuhlaleni oye wasebenza nzima ukuze aphucule umgangatho wokubambisa imbangi yakhe—phantse akabanjiswa ngenxa yokusebenzisa iTurtle Excluder Device eyilwe kakuhle yaye wenza konke okusemandleni ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimbasa zezo. umgangatho ophezulu-ukuzihlela ngokobukhulu ebhodini, kwaye uzigcine zibanda kwaye zicocekile yonke indlela yokuthengisa. Umsebenzi wakhe ufana kakhulu neprojekthi ye-TOF "Iintlanzi ezihlakaniphile,” iqela lakhe belikhona kwiveki ephelileyo.
Ukuthintela Ukuxhatshazwa kwamaLungelo oLuntu kumaKhonkco oNikezelo ngokutya kwaselwandle: Iququzelelwa nguTobias Aguirre, umlawuli olawulayo we-FishWise, le ngqungquthela yamalungu amathandathu igxininise ekwandiseni iinzame zokuchonga iindlela zokuphucula ukuphendula kuyo yonke ikhonkco lokubonelela ngokutya kwaselwandle ukusuka ekubanjweni ukuya kwiplate. Akukho mathandabuzo amancinci okuba ukufikeleleka kweentlanzi zasendle kwiimarike zase-US kungenxa yeemeko ezimbi zokusebenza ezifumaneka kwiintlanzi ezininzi zokuloba, ngakumbi kumzantsi-mpuma weAsia. Uninzi lwabasebenzi bezikhitshane zokuloba bangamakhoboka abonakalayo, abakwazi ukuya elunxwemeni, mhlawumbi bengahlawulwa okanye bahlawulwe ngaphantsi kakhulu komvuzo osebenzayo, kwaye bahlala kwindawo ezixineneyo, nezingekho sempilweni ngokutya okuncinci. I-Fair Trade USA kunye neminye imibutho isebenzela ukuphuhlisa iilebhile eziqinisekisa abathengi ukuba intlanzi abayityayo inokulandwa emva kwiphenyane apho yayibanjwe khona-kwaye abalobi ababambisileyo bahlawulwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ngokuzithandela apho. Ezinye iinzame zijolise ekusebenzeni namanye amazwe ukuphucula izicwangciso-qhinga zonyanzeliso kunye nokunyusa umgangatho wokubeka iliso kwisixokelelwano sobonelelo. Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nesi sihloko, jonga lo mfutshane unamandla yokuzonwabisa ngesihloko.
Iphaneli yeAcidification yoLwandle: I-SeaWeb Seafood Summit yakhetha i-Ocean Foundation njengeqabane layo eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka le-carbon offset kwinkomfa. Ababekho bamenywa ukuba bahlawule umrhumo owongezelelekileyo we-carbon offset xa bebhalisela inkomfa—intlawulo eya kuya kwi-TOF Ingca yolwandle iyakhula inkqubo. Ngenxa yeeprojekthi zethu ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene ne-asidi yolwandle, ndonwabile ukuba iphaneli ezinikele kulo mba ubalulekileyo yayiyilwe kakuhle kwaye yaphinda yaphinda indlela isayensi eqinisekile ngayo kwesi soyikiso kwiwebhu yokutya yolwandle. UGqr Richard Zimmerman weYunivesithi yase-Old Dominion wachaza ukuba kufuneka sikhathazeke malunga ne-acidification yolwandle kumachweba ethu kunye ne-tributaries kungekhona nje indawo ekufutshane nonxweme. Uxhalabile kukuba uhlolo lwethu lwe-pH alukho kwezona ndawo zingekho nzulu kwaye amaxesha amaninzi alukho kwiindawo apho ulimo lwe-shellfish lwenziwa khona. [PS, kule veki nje, iimephu ezintsha zakhutshwa ezityhila ubungakanani beasidi yolwandle.]
Ulimo lwasemanzini: Inkomfa enjalo ibingayi kugqitywa ngaphandle kwengxoxo enkulu malunga ne-aquaculture. I-aquaculture ngoku yenza ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sonikezelo lweentlanzi kwihlabathi. Iqela leephaneli ezinika umdla ngokwenene kwesi sihloko sibalulekileyo zaqukwa—iphaneli engokuRecirculating Aquaculture Systems yayibangel’ umdla. Ezi nkqubo ziyilelwe ukuba zibe semhlabeni ngokupheleleyo, ngaloo ndlela zithintelwa nabuphi na ubulunga bamanzi, intlanzi ephuncukileyo nezifo ezisindileyo, kunye neminye imiba enokuthi ivele kuncedo losiba oluvulekileyo (kufuphi nonxweme nakude nonxweme). Abadlali bephaneli banike amava awohlukeneyo kunye nezibonelelo zemveliso ezibonelela ngeembono ezintle malunga nokuba umhlaba ongenamntu kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni kunye nezinye izixeko onokusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iiprotheyini, ukudala imisebenzi kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno. Ukusuka kwiSiqithi saseVancouver apho i-RAS esekelwe kumhlaba wokuQala ivelisa i-salmon ye-Atlantic emanzini acocekileyo kwiqhezu lendawo efunekayo kwinani elifanayo le-salmon elwandle, kubavelisi abanzima njengeBell Aquaculture e-Indiana, eU.SA kunye Ujoliso lwaseLwandle e-Sechelt, BC, Canada, apho iintlanzi, i-roe, izichumisi kunye nezinye iimveliso ziveliswa kwimarike yasekhaya.
Ndifunde ukuba ngokubanzi ukusetyenziswa kokutya okusekelwe kwintlanzi kwimveliso ye-salmon kuyehla kakhulu, njengoko kusetyenziswa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ezi nkqubela phambili ziindaba ezimnandi njengoko sisiya ekuzinzeni ngakumbi iintlanzi, ishellfish, kunye nenye imveliso. Enye inzuzo eyongezelelweyo ye-RAS kukuba iinkqubo ezisekelwe kumhlaba azikhuphisani nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo kumanzi ethu onxweme axineneyo-kwaye kukho ukulawula ngakumbi umgangatho wamanzi intlanzi equbha kuwo, kwaye ngoko umgangatho weentlanzi ngokwazo. .
Andinakutsho ukuba sichithe i-100 ekhulwini lexesha lethu kumagumbi enkomfa angenafestile. Kwakukho amathuba ambalwa okonwabela ezinye zeeveki ngaphambi kokuba iMardi Gras ibonelele eNew Orleans-isixeko esihlala ngokungqongqo kunxweme oluphakathi komhlaba nolwandle. Yayiyindawo entle ukuthetha ngokuxhomekeka kwethu kwihlabathi liphela kulwandlekazi olusempilweni-kunye nabemi abasempilweni bezityalo kunye nezilwanyana ngaphakathi.
iifoto ngoncedo lwe NOAA, Mark Spalding, kunye EJF
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