Ukuguqulela ungxamiseko kwiteknoloji

NguMark J. Spalding, uMongameli, i-Ocean Foundation

Ngomhla wama-25 kuSeptemba 2014 ndaya kumsitho we-Wendy Schmidt Ocean Health X-Prize eMonterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) eMonterey, California.
I-Wendy Schmidt Ocean Health X-Prize yangoku lukhuphiswano lwezigidi ezi-2 zeerandi zehlabathi olucela umngeni kumaqela ukuba enze itekhnoloji yesivamvo se-pH eya kuthi ngokufikelelekayo, ngokuchanekileyo nangokufanelekileyo ilinganise ikhemistri yolwandle-kungekhona nje ngokuba ulwandle lumalunga neepesenti ezingama-30 ezineasidi ngakumbi kunasekuqaleni kolwandle. uguqulo lwemizi-mveliso, kodwa ngenxa yokuba siyayazi ukuba iasidi yolwandle inokugxalathelana kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zolwandle ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Ezi ziguquko zithetha ukuba sifuna ukubeka iliso ngakumbi, idatha eninzi ukuze sincede uluntu olunxwemeni kunye nezizwe zeziqithi ziphendule kwimiphumo ye-acidification yolwandle ekukhuseleni kokutya kunye nokuzinza kwezoqoqosho. Kukho amabhaso amabini: i-$ 1,000,000 yokuChaneka ibhaso - ukuvelisa i-pH sensor echanekileyo, ezinzileyo kunye nechanekileyo; kunye ne-$ 1,000,000 yokufikeleleka kwebhaso - ukuvelisa i-pH yenzwa echanekileyo, ekulula ukuyisebenzisa, echanekileyo, ezinzileyo kunye nechanekileyo.

Abangeneleli beqela abali-18 kwi-Wendy Schmidt Ocean Health X-Prize baphuma kumazwe amathandathu kunye namazwe ali-11 ase-US; kwaye imele uninzi lwezikolo ezibalaseleyo zehlabathi malunga nezifundo zolwandle. Ukongeza, iqela labakwishumi elivisayo abavela eSeaside, eCalifornia lenze isikwe (amaqela angama-77 afaka ingeniso, ali-18 kuphela akhethwa ukuba akhuphisane). Iiprojekthi zamaqela sele zenziwe uvavanyo zelebhu e-Oceanology International eLondon, kwaye ngoku zikwinkqubo yetanki elawulwayo malunga neenyanga ezintathu zovavanyo lokuhambelana kokufundwa kwe-MBARI eMonterey.

Okulandelayo, baya kufuduselwa ePuget Sound kuMntla-ntshona wePasifiki malunga neenyanga ezine zovavanyo lwehlabathi lokwenyani. Emva koko, kuya kubakho uvavanyo lolwandle olunzulu (kwezo zixhobo ezenza ukuba zifikelele ekugqibeleni). Olu vavanyo lokugqibela luya kusekelwa ngenqanawa ngaphandle kweHawaii kwaye luqhutywe ukuya kutsho kubunzulu obungange-3000 yeemitha (okanye ngaphantsi kwe-1.9 yeemayile). Injongo yolu khuphiswano kukufumana izixhobo ezichaneke kakhulu, kunye nokulula ukuzisebenzisa kwaye ezingabizi kakhulu ukuhambisa inkqubo. Kwaye, ewe, kunokwenzeka ukuphumelela omabini amabhaso.

Uvavanyo kwilebhu, itanki ye-MBARI, iPacific Northwest, kunye naseHawaii ihloselwe ukuqinisekisa iteknoloji eyenziwa ngamaqela e-18. Abangeneleli/abakhuphisana nabo bayancediswa ngokuxhotyiswa ngezakhono kwindlela yokubandakanya amashishini kunye noqhagamshelo lwebhaso emva kweshishini. Oku ekugqibeleni kuya kubandakanya uqhagamshelo oluthe ngqo kubatyali-mali abanokubakho ukuba bathathe imveliso ye-sensor ephumeleleyo bayithengise.

Kukho inani labathengi benkampani ye-tech kunye nabanye abanomdla kwi-teknoloji kuquka i-Teledyne, amaziko ophando, i-United States Geological Survey, kunye neenkampani zokubeka iliso kwintsimi ye-oyile negesi (ukwenzela ukujonga ukuvuza). Ngokucacileyo, iya kuba yinto efanelekileyo kwishishini leeshellfish kunye neshishini leentlanzi ezibanjiswa endle kuba i-pH ibalulekile kwimpilo yabo.

Injongo yebhaso lilonke kukufumana izixhobo zoluvo ezingcono nezingabizi kakhulu ukuze kwandiswe ukufikelela kwijografi yokubeka iliso kunye nokubandakanya ubunzulu bolwandle kunye nemimandla egqithisileyo yomhlaba. Ngokucacileyo luxanduva olukhulu kulungiselelo lokuvavanya zonke ezi zixhobo kwaye kuya kuba nomdla ukubona umphumo. Thina kwi-Ocean Foundation sinethemba lokuba ezi zikhuthazi zophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ezikhawulezayo ziya kuvumela abahlobo bethu beGlobal Ocean Acidification Observing Network ukuba bafumane izivamvo ezifikelelekayo nezichanekileyo zokwandisa ukhuselo lwalo thungelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokwakha isiseko solwazi sokuphuhlisa iimpendulo kwangexesha kunye nokunciphisa. izicwangciso.

Iqela leenzululwazi (ukusuka MBARI, UC Santa Cruz, Stanford's Hopkins Marine Station, kunye neMonterey Bay Aquarium) kulo msitho baqaphele ukuba ukufakwa kweasidi yolwandle kufana nemeteor ejonge emhlabeni. Asinakukwazi ukulibazisa isenzo de izifundo zexesha elide zigqitywe kwaye zingeniswe kwiijenali eziphononongwe ngoontanga ukuze ekugqibeleni zipapashwe. Kufuneka sikhawulezise isantya sophando xa sijongene nencam kulwandle lwethu. UWendy Schmidt, uJulie Packard waseMonterey Bay Aquarium kunye nommeli wase-US uSam Farr bayayingqina le ngongoma ibalulekileyo. Eli bhaso le-X lolwandle kulindeleke ukuba livelise izisombululo ezikhawulezayo.

Eli bhaso lijonge ukukhuthaza inguqulelo. Sidinga impumelelo eyenza impendulo kwingxaki engxamisekileyo ye-acidification yolwandle, kunye nazo zonke izinto eziguquguqukayo kunye namathuba ezisombululo zendawo-ukuba siyazi ukuba kuyenzeka. Ibhaso ngandlela thile luhlobo lokukhangela izisombululo zesihlwele kumceli mngeni wokulinganisa apho kwaye ingakanani ikhemistri yolwandle eguqukayo. Ngamanye amazwi, sijonge imbuyekezo esemgangathweni kutyalo-mali,” utshilo uWendy Schmidt. Kuyathenjwa ukuba eli bhaso liya kuba nabaphumeleleyo ngoJulayi ka-2015.

Kwaye, kungekudala kuza kubakho amanye amabhaso amathathu ezempilo elwandle azayo. Njengoko sasiyinxalenye ye-"Ocean Big Think" yocweyo lwezisombululo kwi-X-Prize Foundation ngoJuni ophelileyo e-Los Angeles, kuya kuba mnandi ukubona ukuba iqela kwi-X-Prize Foundation likhetha ukukhuthaza ngokulandelayo.