I-Africa Blue Economy Forum

Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho ngimenywa ukuba ngikhulume, ngiba nethuba lokuphinde ngibheke ukucabanga kwami ​​mayelana nesici sokuthuthukisa ubuhlobo bomuntu nolwandle. Ngokunjalo, njengoba ngikhuluma nozakwethu emibuthanweni efana ne-Africa Blue Economy Forum e-Tunis, ngithola imibono emisha noma amandla amasha emibonweni yabo ngalezi zinkinga. Muva nje leyo micabango igxile enaleni, ngokwengxenye igqugquzelwe inkulumo yakamuva eyanikezwa u-Alexandra Cousteau eDolobheni laseMexico lapho sasiseqenjini lezemvelo sindawonye eMhlanganweni Kazwelonke Wosozimboni.

Ulwandle lomhlaba wonke luyi-71% yeplanethi futhi luyakhula. Lokho kwanda kumane nje kuyisengezo esisodwa ohlwini lwezinsongo olwandle—ukugcwala kwemiphakathi yabantu kwandisa umthwalo wokungcola—kanye nezinsongo zokufinyelela umnotho wangempela oluhlaza. Kudingeka sigxile ekuchichimeni, hhayi ekukhipheni.

Kungani singabeki izinqumo zethu zokuphatha mayelana nombono wokuthi ukuze kuzuzwe inala, impilo yasolwandle idinga indawo?

Siyazi ukuthi sidinga ukubuyisela imvelo enempilo yasogwini neyasolwandle, sinciphise ukunukubezeka futhi sisekele izindawo zokudoba ezisimeme. Izindawo ezichazwe kahle, eziphoqelelwe ngokugcwele, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ezisebenza ngempumelelo zasolwandle (ama-MPAs) zakha isikhala sokubuyisela inala edingekayo ukuze kusekelwe umnotho osimeme oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, isethi engaphansi enhle yayo yonke imisebenzi yezomnotho encike olwandle. Kukhona umfutho ngemuva kokukhulisa umnotho oluhlaza, lapho sandisa khona imisebenzi yabantu elungele ulwandle, sinciphisa imisebenzi elimaza ulwandle, futhi ngaleyo ndlela sandise inala. Ngakho, siba abaphathi abangcono bohlelo lwethu lokusekela impilo. 

Ingxenye yomfutho yasungulwa ukusungulwa kwe-UN Sustainable Development Goal 14 “yokonga nokusebenzisa ngokuqhubekayo ulwandle, izilwandle kanye nemithombo yasolwandle ukuze kube nentuthuko esimeme.” Emgogodleni wayo i-SDG 14 egcwaliseke ngokugcwele ingasho umnotho we-pro-ocean owenziwe ngokugcwele, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nazo zonke izinzuzo ezizotholwa emazweni asogwini nakithina sonke. Umgomo onjalo ungaba yizifiso, kodwa nokho, ungaqala futhi kufanele uqale ngokuphusha ama-MPA aqinile—uhlaka oluphelele lwayo yonke imizamo yethu yokuqinisekisa umnotho wasogwini onempilo ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.

Ama-MPA asevele ekhona. Yebo, sidinga okwengeziwe ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi inala inendawo ekhulayo. Kodwa ukuphathwa kangcono kwalaba esinabo kuzokwenza umehluko omkhulu. Imizamo enjalo inganikeza ukuvikeleka kwesikhathi eside kokubuyiselwa kwekhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nokunciphisa kokubili i-ocean acidification (OA) kanye nokuphazamiseka kwesimo sezulu. 

I-MPA ephumelelayo enempilo idinga amanzi ahlanzekile, umoya ohlanzekile, nokuphathwa okuphoqelelwe kahle kwemisebenzi evumelekile nengekho emthethweni. Izinqumo ezenziwe mayelana nezinto ezenziwa emanzini aseduze nasogwini kufanele zicabangele umoya namanzi agelezela ku-MPA. Ngakho-ke, ilensi ye-MPA ingabeka izimvume zokuthuthukiswa kogu, ukuphathwa kwemfucuza eqinile, ukusetshenziswa (noma cha) komanyolo wamakhemikhali nezibulala-zinambuzane, futhi iqinise ngisho nemisebenzi yethu yokubuyisela esiza ekunciphiseni ukujuluka kwenhlabathi, ikhuphule ukuvikeleka kwezivunguvungu, kanye nokubhekana ne-acidification ethile yolwandle. nezindaba endaweni. Umhlume oluhlaza, izimfunda zasolwandle ezibanzi, namakhorali achumayo kuyizimpawu zenala ezuzisa wonke umuntu.

Ukuqapha kwe-OA kuzositshela ukuthi ukuncishiswa okunjalo kubalulekile kuphi. Izophinde isitshele ukuthi singayenza kuphi i-OA yokujwayela amapulazi ezimbaza kanye nemisebenzi ehlobene nayo. Ukwengeza, lapho amaphrojekthi okubuyisela evuselela, andisa noma andise impilo yezimfunda zasolwandle, izizalo zamaxhaphozi anosawoti, namahlathi omhlume, akhulisa i-biomass ngaleyo ndlela kube nenala nempumelelo yezinhlobo ezibanjiwe nezifuywayo eziyingxenye yokudla kwethu. Futhi, vele, amaphrojekthi ngokwawo azodala ukubuyiselwa nokuqapha imisebenzi. Ngokulandelayo, imiphakathi izobona ukuvikeleka kokudla okuthuthukisiwe, umnotho onamandla wezilwane zasolwandle nemikhiqizo yasolwandle, kanye nokuqedwa kobumpofu. Ngokufanayo, le miklamo isekela umnotho wezokuvakasha, ochumayo ngohlobo lwenala esiyibonayo—futhi engalawuleka ukusekela inala ogwini lwethu kanye nolwandle lwethu. 

Ngamafuphi, sidinga le lens entsha, esekela inala yokuphatha, ukubeka phambili kwamasu kanye nokumiswa kwenqubomgomo, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali. Izinqubomgomo ezisekela ama-MPA ahlanzekile, avikelwe futhi zisiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi inala ye-biomass ihlala ngaphambi kokukhula kwenani labantu, ukuze kube nomnotho osimeme ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka osekela izizukulwane ezizayo. Ifa lethu ikusasa labo.