I-Costa Rica BBNJ Workshop

Ngachitha umhla ziyisi-8 nomhla ziyisi-9 kuNdasa ePuntarenas, eCosta Rica ngisebenzela umhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi waseMelika Ephakathi ukuze ngithuthukise amakhono ongqongqoshe bangaphandle ababambe iqhaza ekuphenduleni isicelo se-UN General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 69/292 sokuxoxisana ngethuluzi elisha lomthetho okufanele lidingidwe. ukongiwa kanye nokusetshenziswa okusimeme kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezingaphezu kwamandla kazwelonke (i-BBNJ) ngaphansi kweNgqungquthela ye-UN yoMthetho Wasolwandle kanye nokusiza umphakathi womhlaba wonke ukuthi usebenzise Izinjongo Zokuthuthukiswa Okusimeme ze-UN (ikakhulukazi i-SDG14 olwandle). 

Kuthiwani ngalokho okomlomo? Ukuhumusha: besisiza abantu bakahulumeni ukuthi balungele ukuxoxisana ngokuthi zingavikelwa kanjani izitshalo nezilwane eziwela ngaphandle kokulawulwa okusemthethweni kwanoma yisiphi isizwe ekujuleni naphezu kolwandle oluphakeme lwesaga! Lapho kukhona ama Pirates...

Eshabhu kwakukhona abameleli basePanama, eHonduras, eGuatemala, kanye nowayesimemile, iCosta Rica. Ngaphezu kwalezi zizwe zaseMelika Ephakathi, kwakukhona abameleli abavela eMexico kanye nabantu abambalwa abavela eCaribbean.

Amaphesenti angama-71 obuso beplanethi yethu ulwandle, futhi u-64% walokho ulwandle oluphakeme. Imisebenzi yabantu yenzeka ezindaweni ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili (ubuso bolwandle naphansi kolwandle), kanye nasezindaweni ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu (ikholomu yamanzi kanye nenhlabathi engaphansi engaphansi kolwandle) yolwandle oluphakeme. I-UNGA icele ithuluzi elingokomthetho elisha ngoba asinaso isiphathimandla esisodwa esinekhono esibhekele izindawo ze-BBNJ, asinalo ithuluzi lokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, futhi ayikho indlela echazwe ngokugcwele yokubona ukwabelana ngezindawo ze-BBNJ njengefa elivamile lawo wonke umuntu osezweni. iplanethi (hhayi nje labo abangakwazi ukuyoyithatha). Njengalo lonke ulwandle, izilwandle eziphakeme zisongelwa izinsongo ezaziwayo nezinqwabelanayo nezingcindezi zabantu. Imisebenzi yabantu ekhethiwe olwandle (njengokudoba noma ukumba izimayini noma ukuthutha ngemikhumbi) ilawulwa izinhlangano ezithile zemboni. Abanayo imibuso yezomthetho engaguquki noma igunya, futhi ngokuqinisekile abanayo indlela yokuxhumana nokubambisana kwemikhakha ehlukene.

Izikhulumi zethu ezikhuluma ngezihloko, izifundo eziyisibonelo, nezingxoxo ze-roundtable ziqinisekise izinselele nezisombululo okuxoxwe ngazo. Sichithe isikhathi sikhuluma ngokwabelana ngenzuzo yemithombo yofuzo yasolwandle, ukwakhiwa kwamandla, ukudluliswa kobuchwepheshe basolwandle, amathuluzi okuphatha asekelwe endaweni (okuhlanganisa izindawo zasolwandle ezivikelekile ezingaphezu kwamandla kazwelonke), ukuhlolwa komthelela kwezemvelo, kanye nezindaba ezinqamulelayo (okuhlanganisa ukuphoqelelwa komthetho, ukuthobela kanye nezingxabano isixazululo). Ngokuyisisekelo, umbuzo uwukuthi ungakwaba kanjani insada yolwandle oluphakeme (olwaziwa futhi olungaziwa) ngezindlela ezibhekana nefa elivamile lomhlaba wonke. Umqondo obanzi wawuyisidingo sokuphatha ukusetshenziswa kanye nemisebenzi ngendlela eyayinobulungiswa namuhla nefanele izizukulwane ezizayo.

Ngamenywa lapho ukuthi ngizokhuluma ngoLwandle iSargasso nokuthi “luphathwa” kanjani njengendawo engaphezu kwamandla esizwe kakade. Ulwandle lwaseSargasso luse-Atlantic, luchazwa kakhulu imisinga yolwandle emine ebalulekile eyakha i-gyre lapho kukhula amacansi amakhulu e-sargassum. Ulwandle luyikhaya loxhaxha lwezilwane ezifudukayo kanye nezinye izinhlobo zengxenye noma wonke umjikelezo wazo wokuphila. Ngihlala kwiKhomishini Yasolwandle yaseSargasso, futhi siyaziqhenya ngezindlela ebesiqhubekela phambili ngazo. 

Sesivele siwenzile umsebenzi wethu wesikole futhi senza indaba yethu yesayensi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zoLwandle lwaseSargasso. Siye sahlola isimo sayo, sasungula imisebenzi yabantu, sasho izinjongo zethu zokongiwa kwemvelo, futhi sachaza uhlelo lokusebenza ukuze sifeze izinjongo zethu ensimini yethu. Sesivele sisebenzela ukuzuza ukuqashelwa ngendawo yethu ekhethekile nezikhungo ezifanele nezinekhono ezisebenza ngezokudoba, izinhlobo ezifudukayo, ukuthutha ngemikhumbi, izimayini ezisogwini lolwandle, izintambo ezingaphansi kolwandle, kanye neminye imisebenzi (izinhlangano ezinjalo ezingaphezu kwama-20 zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezimboni). Futhi manje, sicwaninga futhi sibhala Uhlelo lwethu Lokuphatha loLwandle lwaseSargasso, "uhlelo lokuphatha" lokuqala lwendawo yolwandle oluphakeme. Ngakho-ke, izohlanganisa yonke imikhakha nemisebenzi oLwandle lwaseSargasso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izohlinzeka ngohlaka oluphelele lokongiwa kwemvelo kanye nokusetshenziswa ngendlela eqhubekayo kwalesi simiso sezinto eziphilayo nendawo esiphila kuyo esingaphezu kwanoma iyiphi indawo yombuso kazwelonke. Kuyavunywa, iKhomishana ayinalo igunya lokuphatha elisemthethweni, ngakho-ke sizobe sinikeza ihhovisi likaNobhala wethu isiqondiso, kanye nezeluleko kwabasayine iSimemezelo Sase-Hamilton esasungula iSargasso Sea Area of ​​Collaboration kanye nekhomishini yethu. Kuzoba i-Secretariat kanye nabasayinile okuzofanele bakholise izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nemikhakha ukuthi zilandele lezi zincomo.

Izifundo ezitholwe esifundweni sethu sendaba (kanye nokunye), kanye nokusekela isizathu sokuxoxisana kwethuluzi elisha, zicacile. Lokhu ngeke kube lula. Uhlelo lwamanje lwezinhlaka zokulawula ezincane luzuzisa labo abanezinsiza zobuchwepheshe ezinkulu kanye nezezimali ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kukhona futhi ukuxhumana, ukulawula, nezinye izinselelo ezigxiliswe ohlelweni lwethu lwamanje. 

Okokuqala nje, kukhona 'Iziphathimandla Ezinekhono' ezimbalwa kanye nokusebenzisana okuncane, noma ukuxhumana phakathi kwazo. Izifunda zezizwe ezifanayo zimelelwe eziningi zalezi zinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezimboni. Nokho, inhlangano ngayinye inezidingo zayo ezikhethekile zesivumelwano sezinyathelo zokuvikela, inqubo kanye nemibandela yokuthatha izinqumo. 

Ukwengeza, ngezinye izikhathi abameleli banoma isiphi isizwe bayahluka enhlanganweni ngayinye, okuholela ezikhundleni nasezitatimendeni ezingahambisani. Isibonelo, omele izwe ku-IMO kanye nommeleli walelo zwe ku-ICCAT (inhlangano ye-tuna kanye nokuphathwa kwezinhlobo ezifudukayo) kuzoba abantu ababili abahlukene abavela kuma-ejensi amabili ahlukene abaneziqondiso ezihlukene. Futhi, ezinye izifundazwe zimelana ngokuphelele ne-ecosystem kanye nezindlela zokuphepha. Ezinye izinhlangano zinomthwalo wokufakaza okungalungile—ngisho nokucela ososayensi, ama-NGO, kanye nezifundazwe ezivikelayo ukuthi zibonise ukuthi kunomthelela omubi wokudoba noma ukuthutha ngemikhumbi—kunokuba zamukele ukuthi umthelela ongemuhle kufanele uncishiswe ukuze kuzuze wonke umuntu.

Ocwaningweni lwethu, noma kuleli thuluzi elisha, sihlanganisa ukungqubuzana kwamalungelo okusetshenziswa okusimeme kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi sinezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukulingana kwezimiso zemvelo, izinzuzo nezibopho okwabelwana ngazo, kanye nokuxazulula izinsongo zezokwelapha eziwubhubhane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sibheke ekuvikeleni impahla yengqondo eholela ekuthuthukisweni kwemikhiqizo kanye nenzuzo, noma ngabe itholakala ebukhosini noma kumalungelo empahla yangasese. Futhi, ukwengeza kulokhu okuxubile ukuthi eminye yemisebenzi yethu yabantu olwandle (ikakhulukazi ukudoba) isivele ihlanganisa ukuxhashazwa okungenasimeme kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngendlela ezikuyo njengamanje, futhi zidinga ukuphindiselwa emuva.

Ngeshwa, izizwe ezimelene nethuluzi elisha lokulawula ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo ngaphandle kwemingcele kazwelonke ngokuvamile zinezinsiza zokuthatha ezikufunayo, ngesikhathi ezikufunayo: zisebenzisa abantu banamuhla abazimele (izigebengu) zisekelwa izizwe zakubo njengoba zazinjalo ku-17, 18th kanye Ikhulu le-19. Ngokunjalo, lezi zizwe zifika ezingxoxweni namanxusa amakhulu, alungiselelwe kahle, anezinsizakusebenza ezinezinjongo ezicacile ezeseka izintshisekelo zabo ngabanye. Umhlaba wonke kumele usukume ubalwe. Futhi, mhlawumbe umzamo wethu onesizotha wokusiza ezinye, amazwe amancane asathuthuka ukuba alungele uzoletha izinzuzo.