Ngokumelene Nawo Wonke Amathuba: Ososayensi BaseCuba Baqeda Uhambo Lwamaviki Amabili Ukuyofunda Izixhobo Zama-Coral

Ngenyanga edlule, ithimba longoti bezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle beSikhungo saseNyuvesi yaseHavana's Center for Marine Research (CIM-UH) kanye neCentre for Coastal Ecosystems Research (CIEC) bahoshe into engenakwenzeka. Uhambo lwamasonto amabili olude locwaningo lwezixhobo zamakhorali oluya e-Jardines de la Reina National Park, indawo enkulu kunazo zonke ezivikelwe zasolwandle e-Caribbean, luqale ngo-December 4, 2021. Laba sosayensi abanesibindi bafuna ukusungula isisekelo sempilo yezixhobo zamakhorali ngaphambi kwesikhathi esikhulu. imizamo yokubuyisela.

Lolu hambo lwaluhlelelwe u-Agasti 2020. Lokhu bekuzoqondana nomcimbi wokuzalanisa elkhorn coral, uhlobo olungavamile lwesakhiwo sezixhobo zaseCaribbean namuhla ezitholakala kuphela ezindaweni ezikude njengeJardines de la Reina. Kodwa-ke, kusukela ngo-2020, ukuhlehliswa okukodwa ngemva kokunye ngenxa yobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 kwaba nohambo olulenga ngentambo. ICuba, eyake yabika amacala ayi-9,000 e-COVID ngosuku, manje isiphansi kwamacala ayi-100 nsuku zonke. Lokhu kungenxa yezinyathelo zokuvikela ezinonya kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokugoma okukodwa, kodwa kwemibili yase-Cuba.

Ukuthola izilinganiso ezinembile zempilo yamakhorali kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokwanda kwemithelela yokuthuthukiswa komuntu nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.

Amakhorali angenwa kalula yilesi sakamuva, njengoba ukuqubuka kwezifo kuvame ukukhula emanzini afudumele. Ukwenza amakhorali, isibonelo, kubangelwa ngokuqondile amanzi afudumele. Imicimbi yokushibilika ifinyelela umvuthwandaba ngasekupheleni kwezinyanga zasehlobo futhi icekela phansi amakhorali kuze kufike eGreat Barrier Reef. Ukubuyiselwa kwamakhorali, kuze kube muva nje, bekucatshangwa njengomzamo omkhulu, wokugcina wokusindisa amakhorali. Nokho, kube ngelinye lamathuluzi ethu athembisa ukuhlehla amakhorali ancipha ngo-50% wamakhorali aphilayo kusukela 1950.

Phakathi nohambo kule nyanga, ososayensi bahlole isimo sezempilo samakhorali angama-29,000 amangalisayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uNoel Lopez, umthwebuli wezithombe odume umhlaba wonke ngaphansi kwamanzi nomtshuzi we-Avalon-Azulmar Dive Center - ephethe imisebenzi yezokuvakasha ye-SCUBA e-Jardines de la Reina - uthathe izithombe namavidiyo angu-5,000 wamakhorali kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezihambisana nazo. Lokhu kuzobaluleka ekunqumeni izinguquko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngisho nendawo eqhelile njenge-Jardines de la Reina isengozini yokuthola imithelela yabantu kanye namanzi afudumele.

Isisekelo sempilo ye-coral reef, ebhalwe kulolu hambo, izokwazisa imizamo emikhulu yokubuyisela ngo-2022 njengengxenye yesibonelelo esivela ku- I-Caribbean Biodiversity Fund (CBF) Uhlelo lokuzijwayeza olususelwa kumvelo. Isibonelelo se-CBF sibalulekile ekusekeleni imizamo yeminyaka eminingi efana nalena, ebandakanya ukwabelana ngezifundo zokubuyiselwa kwamakhorali ezifundwe nezizwe zaseCaribbean. Ku I-Bayahibe, e-Dominican Republic, umhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi omkhulu wamazwe ngamazwe uhlelelwe uFebhuwari 7-11, 2022. Lokhu kuzohlanganisa ndawonye ososayensi baseCuba naseDominican Republic ukuze bahlele inkambo eya phambili ekusebenziseni ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhorali amakhulu, ahlanganiswe ngokocansi. I-FUNDEMAR, i-Dominican Foundation for Marine Studies, kanye nozakwethu we-TOF u-SECORE International bazosingatha umhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi.

Uhambo oluphindwe kabili luzokwenzeka maduze nje ngemva komhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi e-Jardines de la Reina, futhi ngo-August 2022.

Izazi zesayensi yezinto eziphilayo zizoqoqa ama-coral spawn ukuze ahlanganiswe futhi asetshenziswe ukutshala kabusha e-Jardines de la Reina. UJardines de la Reina uqanjwe ngomunye wabo I-Marine Conservation Institute's Blue Parks ngenyanga edlule - ukujoyina amapaki asolwandle ahlonishwayo angama-20 emhlabeni jikelele. Umzamo wokuqokwa kweBlue Park uholwa yiWildlife Conservation Society, i-Environmental Defense, i-TOF, kanye nenani lama-ejensi aseCuba. Kuwubufakazi bokuthi isayensi yokukhulumisana, lapho ososayensi besebenza ngokubambisana ukuze bavikele imithombo yasolwandle okwabelwana ngayo naphezu kokushuba kwezombusazwe, ingaveza idatha ebalulekile yesayensi futhi ifeze izinjongo zokulondoloza.

I-Ocean Foundation kanye neNyuvesi yaseHavana basebenzisane kusukela ngo-1999 ukutadisha nokuvikela izindawo zokuhlala zasolwandle nhlangothi zombili zeFlorida Straits. Uhambo lokucwaninga olufana nalolu alugcini nje ngokuthola izinto ezintsha, kodwa luhlinzeka ngolwazi lwesizukulwane esilandelayo sososayensi basolwandle base-Cuba.