Kusuka ku-macro kuya ku-micro

Ngesonto eledlule, bengiseNewport Beach, CA lapho besibambe khona i-Southern California Marine Mammal Workshop yethu yaminyaka yonke, eveza ucwaningo olwenziwa eSouthern California Bight ngonyaka odlule. Lona unyaka wethu wesi-3 wokusekela lo mhlangano (sibonga i-Pacific Life Foundation) futhi umhlangano oyingqayizivele kokubili ekugxilweni kwawo kwezindawo, futhi ngoba uhlanganisa izigwegwe eziningi. Siyaziqhenya kakhulu ngempova ehlukahlukene eqhamuke ekuhlanganiseni ndawonye ongoti bezofuzo, besayensi yebhayoloji, kanye nokuziphatha, kanye nochwepheshe bezokwelapha zezilwane zokuhlenga nokuvuselela.

Kulo nyaka, kubhalise ososayensi abangaphezu kwe-100, abafundi abathola iziqu kanye nomdobi oyedwa. Ngesizathu esithile esingaqondakali unyaka ngamunye abafundi be-grad bayabancane, futhi oprofesa bayakhula. Futhi, lapho ikakhulukazi isifundazwe samadoda amhlophe, umkhakha wocwaningo lwezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle kanye nokuhlenga uyahlukahluka kakhulu unyaka ngamunye.

Umhlangano walo nyaka uhlanganisa:
- Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwemikhumbi yokudoba nezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle, kanye nesidingo sokubambisana okwengeziwe nokuxhumana phakathi kwabacwaningi bezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle nabadobi
- Ukuqeqeshwa ekusebenziseni kanye nezinzuzo zokuhlonza izithombe, nokuqapha kwe-acoustics
- Iphaneli yokuhlukahluka kwesimo sezulu, nezindlela engeza ngazo izingcindezi ezengeziwe zezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle kanye nezinto eziningi ezintsha ezingaziwa kulabo abazifundayo:
+ izilwandle ezifudumele (ezithinta ukufuduka kwezilwane ezincelisayo/inyamazane, izinguquko ze-phenological for inyamazane, kanye nengozi eyandayo yezifo),
+ ukukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle (izinguquko ku-geography ezithinta ukuphuma nokudonsa),
+ ukumuncu (i-acidification yolwandle ethinta izinhlanzi zegobolondo nezinye izisulu zezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle), kanye
+ ukuminyanisa ezindaweni okuthiwa zifile ezindaweni zemifula emhlabeni wonke (okuthinta nensada yezilwane ezizingelayo).
- Okokugcina, iphaneli yokuhlanganisa idatha yezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle kanye nemvelo yazo ukuze kubhekwane negebe phakathi kwedatha yemvelo eminingi futhi etholakalayo, kanye nedatha yebhayoloji yezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle okudingeka yenziwe itholakale kakhudlwana futhi ihlanganiswe.

Isiphetho esikhuthazayo somhlangano sifake ukugqamisa imiphumela emine emihle kusukela onyakeni woku-1 nowesi-2 wale workshop:
- Ukwakhiwa kwe-California Dolphin Online Catalogue
- Iqoqo lezincomo zemizila yemikhumbi emanzini aseCalifornia ukunciphisa ukushayisana okungazelelwe nemikhomo nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle
- Isoftware entsha yokubona izilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle ngokushesha nakalula
– Futhi, umfundi oneziqu okwathi, emhlanganweni wokucobelelana ngolwazi wangonyaka odlule, wahlangana nomuntu wase-Sea World owamsiza ukuba athole isamba esanele samasampula ukuze aqedele i-Ph.D. ucwaningo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthela omunye umuntu emkhakheni.

Njengoba ngibhekise amabombo esikhumulweni sezindiza, ngahamba nawo amandla alabo asebethakathiwe ngezilwane zethu ezincelisayo zasolwandle futhi abalwela ukuziqonda kangcono neqhaza lazo empilweni yasolwandle. Ngisuka e-LAX, ngandiza ngaya eNew York ukuze ngiyofunda ngesiphetho nokutholwe ngabacwaningi abathakathwa yizinto ezincane kunazo zonke eziphila olwandle.

Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, i-Tara Ocean Expedition isemimilenzeni yayo emibili yokugcina eya e-Europe ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa e-NYC ukwabelana ngemiphumela yocwaningo lwayo. Lolu hlaka lwe-Tara Ocean Expedition luhlukile—lugxile ezilwaneni ezincane kunazo zonke zasolwandle kumongo wobuciko nesayensi. I-Plankton (amagciwane, amabhaktheriya, ama-protists kanye nama-metazoan amancane njengama-copepods, ama-jellies nezibungu zezinhlanzi) itholakala yonke indawo olwandle, kusukela olwandle olusenyakatho kuya e-equatorial, kusukela olwandle olujulile kuya phezulu, futhi kusukela ogwini kuya olwandle oluvulekile. I-Plankton biodiversity inikeza isisekelo sewebhu yokudla yasolwandle. Futhi, ngaphezu kwengxenye yokuphefumula oyiphefumulayo ithwala umoya-mpilo okhiqizwa olwandle uye emaphashini akho. I-Phytoplankton (izilwandle) kanye nezitshalo ezisemhlabeni (amazwekazi) zikhiqiza wonke umoya-mpilo osemkhathini wethu.

Endimeni yalo njengosinki wethu omkhulu wekhabhoni yemvelo, ulwandle luthola ukukhishwa okuningi okuvela ezimotweni, emikhunjini, ezimbonini zikagesi nezimboni. Futhi, yi-phytoplankton edla inani elikhulu le-CO2, lapho ikhabhoni igxiliswa ezicutshini zezinto eziphilayo nge-photosynthesis, bese kukhishwa umoya-mpilo. Ezinye ze-phytoplankton zibe sezimuncwa i-zooplankton, ukudla okuyisihluthulelo kwama-sea crustacean emikhomo emikhulukazi. Khona-ke, i-phytoplankton efile kanye nendle ye-zooplankton icwila ekujuleni kolwandle lapho ingxenye yekhabhoni yayo iba yinhlabathi phansi olwandle, ithatha leyo carbon amakhulu eminyaka. Ngeshwa, ukuqoqwa okubalulekile kwe-CO2 emanzini olwandle kuyasiqeda lesi simiso. Ikhabhoni eyeqile iyancibilika emanzini, inciphisa i-pH yamanzi, iyenze ibe ne-asidi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke kufanele sisheshe sifunde kabanzi mayelana nempilo kanye nezinsongo emiphakathini yethu yama-plankton olwandle. Phela, ukukhiqizwa kwethu komoyampilo kanye nosinki wethu we-carbon kusengozini.

Inhloso eyinhloko yohambo lwe-Tara kwakuwukuqoqa amasampula, ukubala ama-plankton, kanye nokuthola ukuthi ayechichima kangakanani ezindaweni eziningi ezihlukene zemvelo olwandle, kanye nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo eziphumelele emazingeni okushisa ahlukene nezinkathi zonyaka. Njengomgomo omkhulu, lolu hambo lwaluhloselwe futhi ukuqala ukuqonda ukuzwela kwe-plankton ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Amasampula nedatha kwahlaziywa emhlabeni futhi kwahlelwa kusizindalwazi esibumbene esakhiwa ngesikhathi uhambo luqhubeka. Lo mbono omusha wembulunga yonke wezidalwa ezincane kunazo zonke olwandle lwethu uyamangaza ngobubanzi bawo kanye nolwazi olubalulekile lwalabo abasebenza ukuze baqonde futhi bavikele izilwandle zethu.

Ama-expedition ambalwa anweba umsebenzi wawo lapho engena ethekwini, ayibona njengesikhathi sokuphumula. Kodwa-ke, i-Tara Oceans Expedition ifinyelela okuningi kakhulu ngenxa yokuzibophezela kwayo ekuhlanganeni nasekusebenzeni nososayensi bendawo, othisha namaciko kuzo zonke izinkundla zokuxhumana. Ngenhloso yokukhulisa ukuqwashisa okujwayelekile mayelana nezindaba zemvelo, yabelana ngedatha yesayensi ngezinjongo zemfundo nenqubomgomo kuyo yonke iminyango yezingcingo. Le Tara Ocean Expedition yayinamachweba wekholi angama-50. I-NYC yayingehlukile. Okukodwa okugqamile kwaba yigumbi lokuma umcimbi womphakathi kuphela ku-Explorer's Club. Kusihlwa kwakuhlanganisa amaslayidi amahle namavidiyo omhlaba wasolwandle. Egqugquzelwe isikhathi sakhe ku-Tara Expedition, umdwebi uMara Haseltine wembula umsebenzi wakhe wakamuva—umdwebo wobuciko we-phytoplankton olwandle incane kangangokuthi ezingaphezu kweziyi-10 zazo zingangena kuzipho lwakho olupinki—olwenziwe engilazini futhi lwenziwe ngezikali usayizi we-tuna ye-bluefin ukuze ubonise imininingwane yayo emincane kakhulu.

Kuzothatha isikhathi ukuhlanganisa konke engikufundile kulezi zinsuku ezinhlanu—kodwa into eyodwa egqamayo: Kunomhlaba ocebile wososayensi, izishoshovu, amaciko, nabashisekeli abathanda ulwandle nezinselele eziphambi kwethu nemizamo yabo. sizuze sonke.

Ukweseka i-The Ocean Foundation, amaphrojekthi ethu nabanikezwa usizo, nomsebenzi wabo wokuqonda nokuzivumelanisa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, sicela Chofoza lapha.