Isayensi Yasolwandle Ingokoqobo (Ingxenye Yokuqala Yesibili)

Kwami ukuvula ibhulogi ka-2021, ngibeke uhlu lwemisebenzi yokongiwa kolwandle ngo-2021. Lolo hlu lwaqala ngokufaka wonke umuntu ngokulinganayo. Kunjalo, kuwumgomo wawo wonke umsebenzi wethu ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi bekuyingosi yebhulogi yami yokuqala yonyaka. Into yesibili igxile embonweni wokuthi "isayensi yasolwandle ingokoqobo." Lena eyokuqala yebhulogi enezingxenye ezimbili ngale ndaba.

Isayensi yasolwandle ingokoqobo, futhi kufanele siyisekele ngesenzo. Lokho kusho ukuqeqesha ososayensi abasha, ukunika amandla ososayensi ukuthi babambe iqhaza ekwabelaneni ngesayensi nolunye ulwazi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bahlalaphi futhi basebenza kuphi, nokusebenzisa idatha neziphetho ukwazisa izinqubomgomo ezivikela futhi ezisekela yonke impilo yasolwandle.

Ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, ngaxoxwa ngabangu-4^th intombazane efunda ibanga yaseVenable Village Elementary School eKilleen, eTexas ngomsebenzi wekilasi. Wayekhethe inyamazane encane kunazo zonke emhlabeni njengesilwane sasolwandle ukuze agxile kuyo emsebenzini wakhe. I-vaquita ilinganiselwe ngobubanzi engxenyeni encane yeNyakatho yeGulf of California emanzini aseMexico. Kwakunzima ukukhuluma nomfundi oshiseka kangaka, nozilungiselele kahle mayelana nezimo ezicindezelayo ze-vaquita—mancane amathuba okuthi zisale zisekhona lapho eqala esikoleni esiphakeme. Futhi njengoba ngimtshelile, lokho kwephula inhliziyo yami.

Ngaso leso sikhathi, leyo ngxoxo kanye nezinye engibe nazo nabafundi abasebasha ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule zingijabulisa njengoba zihlale ziba njalo kuwo wonke umsebenzi wami. Abancane kunabo bonke bahamba phambili ekufundeni ngezilwane zasolwandle, ngokuvamile ukubheka kwabo okokuqala isayensi yasolwandle. Abafundi asebekhulile babheka izindlela abangaqhubeka ngazo nokuphishekela izithakazelo zabo kusayensi yolwandle njengoba beqeda izifundo zabo zasekolishi futhi bangena emisebenzini yabo yokuqala. Ososayensi abasebasha abangochwepheshe bamagange ukwengeza amakhono amasha kunqolobane yabo yamathuluzi ukuze baqonde amanzi olwandle asekhaya. 

Lapha e-The Ocean Foundation, besisebenzela ukuhambisa isayensi ehamba phambili egameni lolwandle kusukela sasungulwa. Sisize ekumiseni amalebhu asolwandle ezindaweni ezikude, okuhlanganisa iLaguna San Ignacio neSanta Rosalia, e-Baja California Sur, nasesiqhingini saseVieques ePuerto Rico, ukuze sivale izikhala ezibalulekile olwazini. EMexico, umsebenzi ugxile emikhomeni nezingwane nezinye izinhlobo ezifudukayo. E-Vieques, kwakuyi-toxicology yasolwandle.

Cishe iminyaka engamashumi amabili, sisebenze nezikhungo zasolwandle emazweni angaphezu kweshumi nambili, okuhlanganisa iCuba neMauritius. Futhi ngenyanga edlule, engqungqutheleni yokuqala ngqa ye-TOF, sezwa kososayensi nothisha emhlabeni wonke abaxhuma amachashazi egameni lolwandle olunempilo nososayensi bezokongiwa kwasolwandle besikhathi esizayo.  

Ososayensi basolwandle kade bazi ukuthi izilwane ezidla ezinye olwandle zidlala indima ebalulekile ekulinganisweni okuphelele kwezinhlelo zemvelo. I-Shark Advocates International yasungulwa uDkt. Sonja Fordham ngo-2010 ukuze bobabili baqaphele usizi loshaka futhi bahlonze inqubomgomo kanye nezinyathelo zokulawula ezingathuthukisa amathuba abo okusinda. Ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, uDkt Fordham waxoxisana nemithombo yezindaba ehlukene njengombhali wephepha elisha elibuyekezwe ngontanga ngesimo soshaka emhlabeni wonke, elashicilelwa ngo. Nature. UDkt. Fordham naye wabhala ngokuhlanganyela incwadi ethi a umbiko omusha ngesimo esidabukisayo se-sawfish, enye yezinhlobo eziningi zasolwandle eziqondwa kancane. 

“Ngenxa yamashumi eminyaka ososayensi nabalondolozi bemvelo ososayensi nabalondolozi bemvelo abalokhu begxilisa ukunakekela kwe-sawfish, ukuqonda nokwazisa komphakathi kuyanda. Ezindaweni eziningi kakhulu, nokho, siphelelwa isikhathi sokuzisindisa,” kusho yena engxoxweni yakamuva, “Ngamathuluzi amasha esayensi nenqubomgomo, amathuba okuguqula isimo se-sawfish angcono kunangaphambili kodwa ayadlula. Sigqamise izenzo ezingabuyisa lezi zilwane ezingajwayelekile onqenqemeni. Ikakhulukazi sidinga ohulumeni ukuthi basukume, kungakephuzi kakhulu. ”

Umphakathi we-Ocean Foundation nawo ubamba Abangane be-Havenworth Coastal Conservation, inhlangano eholwa ngu-Tonya Wiley naye ozinikele ngokujulile ekongiweni kwe-sawfish, ikakhulukazi i-Florida sawfish eyingqayizivele ehamba emanzini aseGulf of Mexico. NjengoDkt. Fordham, uNksz. Wiley wenza ukuxhumana phakathi kwesayensi esiyidingayo ukuze siqonde umjikelezo wempilo yezilwane zasolwandle, isayensi esiyidingayo ukuze siqonde isimo sazo endle, kanye nezinqubomgomo esizidingayo ukuze sibuyisele inala—ngisho futhi bafuna ukufundisa ososayensi, abakhi bemithetho, nomphakathi uwonke ngalezi zidalwa ezingavamile.

Amanye amaphrojekthi afana Izilwandle Eziyisikhombisa Media futhi Usuku Lomhlaba Lolwandle zama ukusiza ukwenza isayensi yasolwandle icace futhi iphoqelele, futhi ixhume esenzweni somuntu ngamunye. 

Engqungqutheleni Yokuqala, uFrances Kinney Lang ukhulume ngakho Izixhumi zolwandle uhlelo alusungule lokusiza abafundi abancane ukuthi baxhumane nolwandle. Namuhla, iqembu lakhe lenza izinhlelo ezixhumanisa abafundi baseNayarit, eMexico nabafundi baseSan Diego, eCalifornia, e-USA. Ndawonye, ​​bafunda ngezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezifana ngazo ngokufuduka—futhi kanjalo baqonde kangcono ukuhlangana kolwandle. Abafundi bakhe bavame ukuba nemfundo encane ngoLwandlekazi iPacific nezimangaliso zalo nakuba behlala ngaphansi kwamamayela angu-50 ukusuka ogwini lwayo. Ithemba lakhe wukusiza laba bafundi ukuthi bahlale bematasa nesayensi yasolwandle impilo yabo yonke. Ngisho noma bengaqhubeki bonke kusayensi yasolwandle, ngamunye walaba ababambiqhaza uzoba nokuqonda okukhethekile ngobudlelwano babo nolwandle phakathi neminyaka yabo yokusebenza.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukushintsha izinga lokushisa lolwandle, amakhemikhali, nokujula, noma eminye imiphumela yemisebenzi yabantu olwandle nokuphila ngaphakathi, kudingeka senze konke esingakwenza ukuze siqonde izidalwa zasolwandle nokuthi yini esingayenza ukuze sisekele inala elinganiselwe. Isayensi isekela lowo mgomo kanye nezenzo zethu.