Okubalulekile Okuthathwayo Kombiko Wakamuva we-IPCC

Ngomhla zingama-25 kuMandulo, Iphaneli Yezinhlaka Zikahulumeni Eziphathelene Nokuguquguquka Kwesimo Sezulu yakhipha “Umbiko Okhethekile Wolwandle kanye Nenkabazwe Esimeni Sezulu Esishintshayo” (Umbiko Wasolwandle Neqhwa) ukuze ubike ngezinguquko ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo olwandle kanye nemvelo ehlobene nayo. Funda umbiko wethu wabezindaba lapha.

Imibiko ebanzi necophelelayo evela kumphakathi wesayensi ibaluleke kakhulu futhi inikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana neplanethi yethu nokuthi yini esengozini. Umbiko we-Ocean and Ice ubonisa ukuthi imisebenzi yabantu iphazamisa kakhulu ulwandle futhi isibangele izinguquko ezingenakuhlehliswa. Umbiko futhi usikhumbuza ukuxhumana kwethu nolwandle. Kwa-The Ocean Foundation, siyazi ukuthi kubalulekile kithi sonke ukuthi singagcini nje ngokuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga zamanje zolwandle, kodwa futhi siqonde ukuthi ngamunye wethu singayithuthukisa kanjani impilo yolwandle ngokwenza izinqumo ezinengqondo. Sonke singakwenzela iplanethi okuthile namuhla! 

Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile ezithathwe ku-Ocean and Ice Report. 

Izinguquko eziphuthumayo azinakugwenywa eminyakeni eyi-100 ezayo ngenxa yokukhishwa kwekhabhoni yomuntu osekuvele kwangena emkhathini kusuka ezimotweni, izindiza nezimboni.

Ulwandle lumunce ngaphezu kwama-90% okushisa okwedlulele ohlelweni lomhlaba kusukela kuNguquko Yezimboni. Sekuzothatha izinkulungwane zeminyaka ukuthi iqhwa e-Antarctica liphinde lakheke futhi, futhi ukwanda kwe-asidi olwandle kuqinisekile futhi, okwenza kube kubi kakhulu imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ezimisweni zemvelo zasogwini.

Uma singanciphisi ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni manje, amandla ethu okuzivumelanisa nezimo azovinjelwa kakhulu ezimeni ezizayo. Funda umhlahlandlela wethu ukuze unciphise i-carbon footprint yakho uma ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe futhi wenze ingxenye yakho.

Abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.4 njengamanje bahlala ezifundeni ezithintwa ngokuqondile izingozi nezingozi zokushintsha kwezimo zasolwandle, futhi bazophoqeleka ukuthi bazivumelanise nezimo.

Abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.9 bahlala endaweni engamakhilomitha ayi-100 ogwini (cishe ama-28% abantu emhlabeni), kanti ugu yizifunda ezinabantu abaningi kakhulu emhlabeni. Le miphakathi izoqhubeka nokutshala imali ekugcinweni kwemvelo okusekelwe emvelweni, kanye nokwenza ingqalasizinda eyakhiwe ikwazi ukumelana nezimo. Iminotho yasogwini nayo iyathinteka kuwo wonke amazwe - kusukela kwezohwebo nezokuthutha, ukudla namanzi, amandla avuselelekayo, nokunye.

Sizobona isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu eminyakeni eyi-100 ezayo.

Ulwandle ludlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni isimo sezulu nesimo sezulu, futhi umbiko ubikezela izinguquko ezengeziwe kulokho esivele sibhekene nakho njengamanje. Sizolindela ukwanda kwamagagasi okushisa olwandle, ukuqubuka kweziphepho, izehlakalo ezidlulele ze-El Niño ne-La Niña, iziphepho zasezindaweni ezishisayo, nemililo yequbula.

Ingqalasizinda yabantu kanye nempilo izoba sengozini ngaphandle kokuzijwayeza.

Ngaphezu kwesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, ukungena kwamanzi anosawoti kanye nezikhukhula kubangela usongo emithonjeni yethu yamanzi ahlanzekile nengqalasizinda ekhona yasogwini. Sizoqhubeka nokwehla kwenani lezinhlanzi, futhi ezokuvakasha kanye nokuhamba kuzokhawulelwa. Izindawo ezisezintabeni eziphakeme zizongenwa kalula ukudilika kwenhlabathi, izinguzunga zamaqhwa nezikhukhula, njengoba nemithambeka ixega.

Ukunciphisa ukulimala kwabantu olwandle kanye ne-cryosphere kungasindisa umnotho womhlaba ngaphezu kwesigidi sezigidi zamarandi ngonyaka.

Ukwehla kwempilo yasolwandle kulindeleke ukuthi kubize u-$428 billion ngonyaka ngo-2050, futhi kuzonyukela ku-$1.979 trillion ngonyaka ngo-2100. Zimbalwa izimboni noma ingqalasizinda eyakhiwe engeke ithintwe izinguquko ezizayo.

Izinto zithuthuka ngokushesha kunalokho okwakubikezelwe ngaphambili.

Eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu edlule, i-IPCC yakhipha umbiko wayo wokuqala owawuhlola ulwandle kanye ne-cryosphere. Intuthuko efana nokukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle okubonwayo bekungalindelekile ukuthi ibonakale ekhulwini elifanayo njengombiko wasekuqaleni, nokho, ikhula ngokushesha kunalokho obekubikezelwe, kanye nokuthatha ukushisa kolwandle.

Izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zisengcupheni yokwehla okukhulu kwabantu nokushabalala.

Izinguquko ku-ecosystem, ezifana ne-acidification yolwandle kanye nokulahlekelwa yiqhwa olwandle, zenze izilwane zifuduka futhi zihlanganyele ne-ecosystem yazo ngezindlela ezintsha, futhi kuye kwaqashelwa zamukela imithombo yokudla emisha. Kusukela ku-trout, kuya kuma-kittiwakes, kuya kumakhorali, ukujwayela kanye nezindlela zokulondoloza kuzonquma ukusinda kwezinhlobo eziningi.

Ohulumeni kudingeka babambe iqhaza elibonakalayo ekwehliseni izinhlekelele.

Kusukela ekusebenzisaneni komhlaba wonke kuya ezixazululweni zendawo, ohulumeni badinga ukukhulisa imizamo yabo ekuqiniseni amandla, babe abaholi ekunqandeni ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, futhi bavikele izindawo zabo zendawo kunokuba baqhubeke nokuvumela ukuxhashazwa. Ngaphandle kokulawulwa okwengeziwe kwemvelo, abantu bayoba nzima ukuzivumelanisa nezinguquko zomhlaba.

Izinguzunga zeqhwa ezincibilika ezindaweni eziphakeme zezintaba zithinta imithombo yamanzi, izimboni zezokuvakasha, nokuzinza komhlaba.

Ukufudumala komhlaba nokuncibilika unomphela kwezinguzunga zeqhwa kunciphisa umthombo wamanzi kubantu abathembele kuwo, ukuze bathole amanzi okuphuza nokusekela ezolimo. Kuzophinde kuthinte amadolobha ashushuluza ancike kwezokuvakasha, ikakhulukazi ngoba ama-avalanche nokudilika kwenhlabathi kungenzeka kuvame kakhulu.

Ukunciphisa ishibhile kunokujwayela, futhi uma silinda isikhathi eside ukuze sithathe isinyathelo, kokubili kuzobiza kakhulu.

Ukuvikela nokugcina lokho esinakho manje kuyinketho elula futhi ethengekayo kunokujwayela izinguquko ezizayo ngemva kokwenzeka. Imvelo yasogwini yekhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njengemihlume, amaxhaphozi kasawoti kanye notshani basolwandle, ingasiza ekwehliseni ubungozi kanye nemithelela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ngokuhlanganyela okuningi. Ukubuyisela nokulondoloza izindawo zethu ezingamaxhaphozi ezisogwini, ukuvimbela ukumba izimayini ezijulile zasolwandle, nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esingcolisa umoya kuyizindlela ezintathu esingashintsha ngazo isimo samanje. Umbiko uphinde uphethe ngokuthi zonke izindlela zizofinyeleleka kakhudlwana, lapho senza ngokushesha futhi ngokuzimisela okukhulu.

Ukuze ufinyelele umbiko ogcwele, yiya ku https://www.ipcc.ch/srocc/home/.