Uma sibheka Emuva Ukuze Siqhubekele Phambili: Inkomfa Yolwandle Ye-UN ka-2022

Ngemuva kwekhefu ezenzakalweni zomuntu selokhu kwaqala lolu bhubhane, indawo emaphakathi 'yonyaka wolwandle' yaphawulwa 2022 UN Ocean Conference eLisbon, ePortugal. Njengoba abangaphezu kuka-6,500 abahambele umcimbi abamele izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo, izinhlangano ezizimele, ohulumeni, nabanye ababambiqhaza bonke abajoyine ezinsukwini ezinhlanu ezigcwele izibopho, izingxoxo, nemicimbi yenkomfa, ithimba le-The Ocean Foundation's (TOF) lalilungiselelwe ukwethula nokudingida uchungechunge lwezihloko ezibalulekile, kusukela kumapulasitiki kuya ekumeleleni komhlaba wonke.

Ithimba le-TOF uqobo libonise inhlangano yethu ehlukahlukene, enabasebenzi abayisishiyagalombili ababekhona, bekhuluma ngezihloko eziningi. Ithimba lethu lize lizilungiselele ukubhekana nokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki, ikhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-acidification yolwandle, izimayini ezijulile zasolwandle, ukulingana kwezesayensi, ukufunda nolwandle, ukusebenzelana kwesimo sezulu solwandle, umnotho oluhlaza, kanye nokubusa kolwandle.

Ithimba lethu lohlelo libe nethuba lokuzindla ngobudlelwano obakhiwe, izibopho ezenziwa emhlabeni wonke, kanye nokufunda okumangalisayo okwenzeka kusukela ngoJuni 27 kuya kuJulayi 1, 2022. Ezinye zezinto ezinhle kakhulu zokuzibandakanya kwe-TOF engqungqutheleni yilezi. ngezansi.

Amandla eSayensi Yasolwandle

Izingxoxo mayelana namandla adingekayo ukwenza isayensi yolwandle kanye nokuthatha isinyathelo ngezindaba zolwandle zahlanganiswa emicimbini yezingqungquthela isonto lonke. Umcimbi wethu oseceleni osemthethweni, “Amandla eSayensi Yasolwandle Njengombandela Wokuzuza I-SDG 14: Imibono Nezixazululo,” yenganyelwe Isikhulu Sohlelo lwe-TOF u-Alexis Valauri-Orton futhi yabonisa uchungechunge lwabahlanganyeli ababelana ngemibono yabo nezincomo zokususa imigoqo evimbela ukulingana emphakathini wasolwandle. IPhini LikaNobhala Womsizi WoMnyango WezoMbuso WaseMelika Wezolwandle, Izinhlanzi Nezindaba Ze-Polar, uSolwazi Maxine Burkett, unikeze amazwi okuvula akhuthazayo. Futhi, uKaty Soapi (Umphakathi wasePacific) kanye noHenrik Enevoldsen (IOC-UNESCO) bagqamisa ukubaluleka kokuhlakulela ubudlelwano obuqinile ngaphambi kokungena emsebenzini.

UDkt. Enevoldsen ugcizelele ukuthi awusoze wachitha isikhathi esanele ekutholeni ozakwethu abalungile, kanti uDkt. Soapi wagcizelela ukuthi ubudlelwano budinga isikhathi ukuze buthuthukise futhi bakhe ukwethembana ngaphambi kokuba inqubekelaphambili iqale. UDkt. JP Walsh waseNyuvesi yase-Rhode Island uncome ukwakha ngesikhathi ukuze ujabule wenze izinto ezenziwa mathupha, njengokubhukuda olwandle, ukuze kusize ukuvuselela lezo zinkumbulo nobudlelwano obubalulekile. Abanye abahlanganyeli, isikhulu sezinhlelo ze-TOF uFrances Lang kanye noDamboia Cossa base-Eduardo Mondlane University eMozambique, bagcizelele ukubaluleka kokuletha isayensi yezenhlalakahle kanye nokucabangela isimo sendawo - okuhlanganisa imfundo, ingqalasizinda, izimo, kanye nokufinyelela kwezobuchwepheshe - emandleni. isakhiwo.

Ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuqinisa ukwesekwa komthamo wesayensi yolwandle, i-TOF yamemezela isinyathelo esisha sokwenza Ukubambisana Kwabaxhasa Ngezimali ukuze kusekelwe Ishumi Leminyaka Le-UN Lesayensi Yasolwandle Yentuthuko Eqhubekayo. Kumenyezelwe ngokusemthethweni emcimbini we-UN Ocean Decade Forum, ukubambisana kuhloswe ngakho ukuqinisa Iminyaka Eyishumi Yesayensi Yasolwandle ngokuhlanganisa uxhaso lwezimali kanye nezinsiza zosizo ukuze kusekelwe ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla, ukuxhumana, kanye nokuklanywa ngokubambisana kwesayensi yolwandle. Amalungu asungula ukuhlanganyela ahlanganisa Uhlelo lwe-Lenfest Ocean lwe-Pew Charitable Trust, i-Tula Foundation, i-REV Ocean, i-Fundação Grupo Boticário, ne-Schmidt Ocean Institute.

UMongameli wethu, u-Mark J. Spalding, umenywe oHulumeni baseSpain nowaseMexico ukuthi azokhuluma ngokuthi idatha yokubuka ulwandle ibaluleke kangakanani ekuqiniseni ugu kanye nomnotho osimeme njengengxenye yocwaningo. umcimbi ohlangothini olusemthethweni kwesithi “Isayensi ibheke olwandle oluzinzile”.

I-Deep Seabed Mining Moratorium

Ukukhathazeka okucacile mayelana nezimayini ezijulile zolwandle (DSM) kwavezwa kuyo yonke ingqungquthela. I-TOF ibambe iqhaza ekusekeleni ukumiswa (ukwenqatshelwa kwesikhashana) ngaphandle kwalapho futhi kuze kube yilapho i-DSM ingaqhubeka ngaphandle kokulimaza imvelo yasolwandle, ukulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, usongo efa lethu eliphathekayo nelingabonakali, noma ingozi ezinsizeni ze-ecosystem.

Abasebenzi be-TOF babekhona emicimbini ehlobene ne-DSM engaphezu kweshumi nambili, kusukela ezingxoxweni eziseduze, kuya ezingxoxweni ezisemthethweni ze-Interactive Dialogues, kuya ephathini yomdanso ephathwayo esinxusa ukuthi #sibheke phansi futhi sazise ulwandle olujulile futhi simela ukuvinjelwa kwe-DSM. I-TOF yafunda futhi yabelana ngesayensi engcono kakhulu etholakalayo, yaxoxa ngezisekelo ezingokomthetho ze-DSM, yabhala amaphuzu okukhuluma nokungenelela, futhi yenza amasu nozakwabo, ozakwethu, nezithunywa zezwe ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Imicimbi ehlukahlukene eseceleni igxile ikakhulukazi ku-DSM, kanye nasekujuleni kolwandle, ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kwayo, kanye nezinsizakalo ze-ecosystem ehlinzekayo.

I-Alliance Against Deep Seabed Mining yethulwa yiPalau, futhi yajoyinwa yiFiji neSamoa (i-Federated States of Micronesia selokhu yajoyina). UDkt. Sylvia Earle wamela ngokumelene ne-DSM ezindaweni ezihlelekile nezingakahleleki; inkhulumomphendvulwano nge-UNCLOS yaqhuma ihlombe lapho isithunywa sentsha sibuza ukuthi izinqumo ezithinta izizukulwane zenziwa kanjani ngaphandle kokubonisana nentsha; kanye noMongameli waseFrance uMacron bamangaze abaningi lapho becela ukuba umbuso ongokomthetho umise i-DSM, ethi: “Kufanele sakhe uhlaka olungokomthetho lokumisa ukumba izimayini zasolwandle oluphakeme futhi singavumeli imisebenzi emisha ebeka engcupheni imvelo.”

Ukugqama kwe-Ocean Acidification

Ulwandle ludlala indima ebalulekile ekulawulweni kwesimo sezulu nokho luzwa imiphumela yokwanda kokukhishwa kwesikhutha. Ngakho, ukushintsha izimo zasolwandle kwakuyisihloko esibalulekile. Ukufudumala kwe-Ocean, i-deoxygenation, kanye ne-acidification (OA) kufakwe ku-Interactive Dialogue ehlanganise isithunywa sesimo sezulu sase-US u-John Kerry kanye nozakwethu be-TOF, okuhlanganisa nosekelasihlalo we-Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network uDkt. Steve Widdicombe kanye Nonobhala Wenhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene Yokulwa Nolwandle I-Acidification uJessie Turner, njengosihlalo kanye nomhleli wephaneli, ngokulandelana.

U-Alexis Valauri-Orton wenze ukungenelela okusemthethweni egameni le-TOF, ephawula ukusekela kwethu okuqhubekayo kwamathuluzi, ukuqeqeshwa, nokwesekwa okuvumela ukwanda kokuqapha kwe-acidity yolwandle ezifundeni ezizuza kakhulu kule datha.

I-Accessible Ocean Action Worldwide

I-TOF ibizibandakanye nemicimbi embalwa ebonakalayo ebitholakala kubahlanganyeli benkomfa abavela emhlabeni jikelele. U-Frances Lang wethule egameni le-TOF kuphaneli ye-virtual eceleni kwamaphaneli ahlonishwayo ase-Edinburgh University, Patagonia Europe, Save The Waves, Surfrider Foundation, and Surf Industry Manufacturers Association.

Lo mcimbi, obuhlelwe yi-Surfers Against Sewage, ubuhlanganise abakhankasi abahamba phambili, izifundiswa, ama-NGO, nabamele imidlalo yasemanzini ukuze kuxoxiswane ngokuthi isenzo samabanga aphansi kanye nesayensi yezakhamizi kungasetshenziswa kanjani ukuthonya izinqumo zendawo, inqubomgomo kazwelonke, kanye nenkulumo-mpikiswano yamazwe ngamazwe ukuze kuvikelwe futhi kubuyiselwe umnotho wethu. izilwandle. Izikhulumi zixoxe ngokubaluleka kokufinyeleleka kwesenzo solwandle kuwo wonke amazinga omphakathi, kusukela ekuqoqweni kwedatha yasogwini eholwa amavolontiya omphakathi kuya emfundweni yasolwandle e-K-12 eqhutshwa ukubambisana nobuholi bendawo. 

I-TOF iphinde yahlela umcimbi ongokoqobo wezilimi ezimbili (isiNgisi neSpanishi) ogxile ekwehliseni imithelela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ngokubuyiselwa kwezinhlelo zemvelo zasolwandle nasogwini. Isikhulu Sohlelo lwe-TOF u-Alejandra Navarrete ugqugquzele ingxoxo enamandla mayelana nokusebenzisa izixazululo ezisekelwe emvelweni esikalini sesifunda kanye nasezingeni likazwelonke e-Mexico. Isikhulu soHlelo lwe-TOF u-Ben Scheelk kanye nabanye abahlanganyeli babelane ngokuthi imihlume, izixhobo zamakhorali, notshani basolwandle kunikeza kanjani izinsiza ezibalulekile ze-ecosystem ukuze zivumelane nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokunciphisa, kanye nendlela ukubuyiselwa kwekhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kufakazelwa ngayo ukuze kubuyiselwe izinsiza ze-ecosystem kanye nokuziphilisa okuhlobene.

I-High Seas Ocean Governance

UMark J. Spalding, endimeni yakhe njengoKhomishana Wasolwandle waseSargasso, ukhulume emcimbini oseceleni obugxile kuphrojekthi yeSARGADOM “yokubusa ngeHybrid in the High Seas”. 'I-SARGADOM' ihlanganisa amagama ezindawo ezimbili okugxilwe kuzo iphrojekthi - iSargasso Sea eNyakatho ye-Atlantic kanye ne-Thermal Dome eMpumalanga yeTropical Pacific. Le phrojekthi ixhaswe yi-Fonds Français pour l'Environnement Mondial.

I-Thermal Dome e-Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean kanye noLwandle iSargasso eNyakatho ye-Atlantic yizinyathelo ezimbili ezivelayo njengamacala okuhlola ezingeni lomhlaba wonke okuhloswe ngawo ukuthuthukisa izindlela ezintsha zokuphatha ezixubile, okungukuthi izindlela zokubusa ezihlanganisa indlela yesifunda kanye nendlela yokuphatha. indlela yomhlaba wonke yokufaka isandla ekuvikelweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinsiza ze-ecosystem olwandle olukhulu.

I-Ocean-Climate Nexus

Ngo-2007, i-TOF yasiza ekutholeni i-Ocean-Climate Platform. U-Mark J. Spalding ubajoyine mhla zingama-30 kuNhlangulana ukuze akhulume ngesidingo Sephaneli Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokusimama Kolwandle ukuze ivumele ukuhlolwa kwesimo solwandle samanje nesakusasa ngendlela efana nePhaneli Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokushintsha Kwesimo Sezulu. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokhu, i-Ocean-Climate Platform yabamba ingxoxo ye-Oceans of Solutions ukuze kuboniswe imizamo yokufisa ulwandle efinyelelekayo, ehlanjululwayo, futhi eqhubekayo; kuhlanganise ne-TOF Ukufakwa kwe-Sargassum imizamo, eyethulwa nguMarku.

Njengoba kuvame ukwenzeka kule mibuthano emikhulu, imihlangano emincane engahleliwe neyesikhashana ibe usizo kakhulu. Sisebenzise ithuba lokuhlangana nozakwethu kanye nozakwethu isonto lonke. U-Mark J. Spalding wayengomunye weqembu lama-CEO e-NGO yezokongiwa kolwandle abahlangane noMkhandlu We-White House Wekhwalithi Yezemvelo, kanye noMqondisi Wehhovisi Le-White House Lesayensi Nobuchwepheshe. Ngokufanayo, uMark uchithe isikhathi emihlanganweni “Yezinga Eliphezulu” nozakwethu e-The Commonwealth Blue Charter ukuze sixoxe ngendlela enobulungiswa, ebandakanyayo neqhubekayo yokuvikela ulwandle nokuthuthukiswa komnotho. 

Ngaphezu kwalezi zingxoxo, i-TOF ixhase inqwaba yeminye imicimbi kanti abasebenzi be-TOF baqhubekisela phambili izingxoxo ezibalulekile mayelana nokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki, izindawo ezivikelekile zasolwandle, i-acidification yolwandle, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, ukuziphendulela kwamazwe ngamazwe, nokuzibandakanya kwezimboni.

Imiphumela Nokubhekela Phambili

Ingqikithi yeNgqungquthela Yasolwandle Ye-UN ka-2022 yayisithi “Ukukhuphula ukusebenza kolwandle okusekelwe kwisayensi nokusungula izinto ezintsha ukuze kuqaliswe umgomo we-14: ukubalwa kwesitoko, ubambiswano nezisombululo.” Kade bengu izimpumelelo eziphawulekayo okuhlobene nale timu, okuhlanganisa umfutho okhulayo kanye nokunaka okukhokhwa ezingozini ze-acidification yolwandle, amandla okubuyisela ekhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nobungozi be-DSM. Abesifazane bebenamandla angenakuphikwa kuyo yonke ingqungquthela, namaphaneli aholwa ngabesifazane abegqama njengezinye zezingxoxo ezibaluleke kakhulu nezikhombisa umdlandla weviki (ithimba le-TOF ngokwalo belinabesifazane abangaba ngu-90%).

Kuphinde kube nezindawo eziqashelwe yi-TOF lapho sidinga khona ukubona inqubekelaphambili eyengeziwe, ukufinyelela okuthuthukisiwe, nokuhlanganisa okukhulu:

• Siqaphele ukushoda okungapheli kokumeleleka kumaphaneli asemthethweni kumcimbi, nokho, ekungeneleleni, emihlanganweni engakahleleki, nasemicimbini eseceleni labo abavela emazweni anezinsizakusebenza ezincane ngokuvamile babenezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu, ezingasetshenzwa, nezibalulekile okufanele zixoxwe.
• Ithemba lethu wukubona ukumeleleka okwengeziwe, ukubandakanywa, kanye nokwenziwayo okuvela ekutshalweni kwezimali okukhulu kokuphathwa kwendawo evikelekile olwandle, ukumisa ukudoba kwe-IUU, kanye nokuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki.
• Sithemba futhi ukubona ukumiswa noma ukumisa isikhashana ku-DSM onyakeni olandelayo.
• Ukuxoxisana ngokuqhubekayo nababambiqhaza, nokusebenzisana okuqinile nokuzwakalayo nalabo ababambiqhaza kuyodingeka kubo bonke abahambele Ingqungquthela Yolwandle Ye-UN ukuze sifeze konke esihlose ukukwenza. Ku-TOF, kusobala kakhulu ukuthi umsebenzi esiwenzayo udingeka kakhulu.

'Unyaka wolwandle' uyaqhubeka ne-Mangrove Congress of America ngo-Okthoba, i-COP27 ngoNovemba, kanye neNgqungquthela ye-UN Biodiversity ngoDisemba. Kuzo zonke lezi zenzakalo nezinye zomhlaba wonke, i-TOF inethemba lokubona futhi ikhuthaze ukuqhubeka kwenqubekelaphambili ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi amazwi alabo abanamandla okwenza uguquko ayazwakala kuphela kodwa nalabo abathintwa kakhulu ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu nokucekelwa phansi kolwandle. I-UN Ocean Conference elandelayo izoba ngowezi-2025.