Yenza Izwi Lakho Lizwakale futhi Uvikele Izikhumbuzo Zezwe Lethu Lasolwandle

Ngenkathi abantu baseMelika begubha Inyanga Kazwelonke Yolwandle ngo-June futhi bechitha ihlobo emanzini noma eduze kwawo, uMnyango Wezohwebo waqala ukucela imibono yomphakathi ukuze ubuyekeze iziza eziningi zezwe lethu ezibaluleke kakhulu zokulondoloza olwandle. Ukubuyekeza kungase kuholele ekwehlisweni kosayizi wezindawo zethu ezingu-11 zasolwandle nezikhumbuzo. Kuyalwe nguMongameli Trump, lokhu kubuyekezwa kuzogxila ekuqanjweni nasekunwetshweni kwezindawo ezingcwele zasolwandle nezikhumbuzo zasolwandle kusukela ngomhla zingama-28 kuMbasa wezi-2007.

Ukusuka eNew England kuya eCalifornia, cishe amahektha angama-425,000,000 omhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi, amanzi, nogu kusengozini.

Izikhumbuzo Zikazwelonke Zasolwandle kanye Nezindawo Ezigcinwe Ngasolwandle Kazwelonke ziyefana ngoba zombili ziyizindawo zasolwandle ezivikelwe. Nokho, kunomehluko endleleni izindawo ezingcwele nezikhumbuzo eziqokwa ngayo kanye nemithetho ezimiswe ngaphansi kwayo. Izikhumbuzo Zesizwe Zasolwandle zivame ukulawulwa inqwaba yezikhungo zikahulumeni, njenge-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), noma uMnyango Wezangaphakathi, isibonelo. I-National Marine Sanctuaries ikhethwe yi-NOAA noma iCongress futhi ilawulwa yi-NOAA.

Uhlelo Lwesikhumbuzo Sikazwelonke Sasolwandle kanye Nohlelo Lukazwelonke Lwezindawo Ezingcwele Zasolwandle zilwela ukuqonda nokuvikela izinsiza zemvelo nezamasiko ngentuthuko yokuhlola, ucwaningo lwesayensi, kanye nemfundo yomphakathi mayelana nenani lalezi zindawo. Ngegama lesikhumbuzo noma lendawo engcwele, lezi zindawo zasolwandle zithola kokubili ukuqashelwa okuphezulu nokuvikelwa. I-Marine National Monument Programme kanye ne-National Marine Sanctuary Programme zisebenzisana nababambiqhaza bakahulumeni nesifunda kanye nozakwethu ukuze kuvikelwe kangcono izinsiza zasolwandle kulezi zindawo. Sekukonke, kunezindawo ezivikelwe ezingaba ngu-130 e-US ezibhalwe njengezikhumbuzo zezwe. Nokho, ingxenye enkulu yalezo zingamatshe esikhumbuzo asemhlabeni. UMongameli kanye noKhongolose bayakwazi ukusungula itshe lesikhumbuzo likazwelonke. Ngokuqondene Nezindawo Ezingcwele Zolwandle Zikazwelonke eziyi-13, lezo zasungulwa nguMongameli, uKhongolose, noma unobhala woMnyango Wezohwebo. Amalungu omphakathi angaqoka izindawo lapho kuzoqokwa khona indawo engcwele.

OMongameli bethu abambalwa bangaphambilini abavela kuzo zombili izinhlangano zezombusazwe banikeze isivikelo kumasayithi ahlukile amasiko, umlando, kanye nemvelo yasolwandle. NgoJuni ka-2006, uMongameli uGeorge W. Bush waqoka iPapahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument. Bush uhole igagasi elisha lokongiwa kolwandle. Ngaphansi kokuphatha kwakhe, kwanwetshwa izindawo ezimbili ezingcwele: iChannel Islands neMonterey Bay eCalifornia. UMongameli u-Obama unwebe izindawo ezine ezingcwele: I-Cordell Bank kanye ne-Greater Farallones e-California, i-Thunder Bay e-Michigan kanye ne-National Marine Sanctuary yase-American Samoa. Ngaphambi kokushiya isikhundla, u-Obama akagcinanga nje ngokunweba amatshe esikhumbuzo asePapahānaumokuākea kanye nePacific Remote Islands, kodwa futhi udale Isikhumbuzo Sesizwe Sasolwandle sokuqala e-Atlantic Ocean ngoSepthemba ka-2016: iNortheast Canyons kanye namaSeamounts.

Soldierfish | Isiqhingi sase-Baker

I-Northeast Canyons kanye ne-Seamounts Marine National Monument, ingamakhilomitha-skwele angu-4,913, futhi iqukethe ama-canyon, amakhorali, izintaba-mlilo ezingasekho, imikhomo esengozini yokushabalala, izimfudu zasolwandle, nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezingatholakali kwezinye izindawo. Le ndawo ayisetshenziswa ngokudobela inzuzo, ukumba izimayini, noma ukumba. E-Pacific, izikhumbuzo ezine, i-Mariana's Trench, i-Pacific Remote Islands, i-Rose Atoll, ne-Papahānaumokuākea ihlanganisa ngaphezu kwamamayela angama-skwele angama-330,000 amanzi. Ngokuqondene nezindawo ezingcwele zasolwandle, iNational Marine Sanctuary System yenza ngaphezu kwamamayela-skwele angama-783,000.

Esinye sezizathu eziningi zokuthi lezi zikhumbuzo zibalulekile ukuthi zenza “amadamu avikelwe okuqina”. Njengoba ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kuba yinkinga enkulu, kuzobaluleka kakhulu ukuthi kube nala madamu avikelekile. Ngokusungula amatshe esikhumbuzo kazwelonke, i-US ivikela lezi zindawo ezizwelayo ngokwemvelo. Futhi ukuvikela lezi zindawo kuthumela umyalezo wokuthi uma sivikela ulwandle, sivikela ukuvikeleka kwethu kokudla, umnotho wethu, ukuzijabulisa kwethu, imiphakathi yethu egudle ugu, njll.

Bheka ngezansi kwezinye izibonelo ezihlukile zamapaki aseMelika asongelwe yilokhu kubuyekezwa. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, hambisa imibono yakho namuhla futhi sivikele amagugu ethu angaphansi kwamanzi. Amazwana kumele alethwe ngo-Agasti 15.

Papahānaumokuākea

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Lesi sikhumbuzo esikude singesinye esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni - esihlanganisa cishe amakhilomitha-skwele angama-583,000 ePacific Ocean. Izixhobo zamakhorali ezibanzi ziheha izinhlobo zasolwandle ezingaphezu kuka-7,000 njengofudu oluluhlaza olusongelwa kanye ne-monk seal yaseHawaii.
Northeast Canyons kanye Seamounts

Selulela cishe amamayela-skwele angu-4,900 - asikhulu kunesifunda sase-Connecticut - lesi sikhumbuzo siqukethe uchungechunge lwemihosha engaphansi kwamanzi. Kuyikhaya lamakhorali amadala anjengamakhorali amnyama olwandle asukela eminyakeni eyizi-4,000.
Islands Channel

Itholakala ngasogwini lwaseCalifornia kunenqolobane yemivubukulo egcwele umlando ojulile wasolwandle kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezimangalisayo. Le ndawo engcwele yasolwandle ingelinye lamapaki amadala aluhlaza, ahlanganisa amamayela-skwele ayi-1,490 amanzi - ehlinzeka ngezindawo zokudla zezilwane zasendle ezinjengemikhomo empunga.

Amakhredithi Esithombe: NOAA, Izinsizakalo Zezinhlanzi Zase-US Nezilwane Zasendle, i-Wikipedia