Izimfihlo Zasolwandle

Ulwandle lunemfihlo.

Nginenhlanhla enkulu yokusebenza emkhakheni wezempilo olwandle. Ngakhulela esigodini saseNgilandi esingasogwini, futhi ngangichitha isikhathi esiningi ngibuka ulwandle, ngizibuza ngezimfihlo zalo. Manje ngisebenzela ukuwagcina.

Ulwandle, njengoba sazi, lubalulekile kukho konke ukuphila okuncike kumoya-mpilo, mina nawe sihlanganisa! Kodwa ukuphila nakho kubalulekile olwandle. Ulwandle lukhiqiza umoya-mpilo omningi ngenxa yezitshalo zasolwandle. Lezi zitshalo zidonsela phansi i-carbon dioxide (CO2), igesi ebamba ukushisa, bese iyiguqulela kushukela osuselwa kukhabhoni nomoya-mpilo. Bangamaqhawe okuguquka kwesimo sezulu! Manje sekuqashelwa kabanzi iqhaza lempilo yasolwandle ekunciphiseni ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, kukhona ngisho negama elithi: ikhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kodwa kunemfihlo… Izitshalo zasolwandle zingadonsa kuphela i-CO2 eningi njengoba zenza, futhi izilwandle zingagcina kuphela ikhabhoni eningi njengoba ziyenza, ngenxa yezilwane zasolwandle.

NgoApril, esiqhingini sasePacific iTonga, ngathola ithuba lokwethula le mfihlo engqungqutheleni ethi “Imikhomo Olwandle Olushintshayo”. EziQhingini eziningi zasePacific, imikhomo isekela umnotho wezokuvakasha ochumayo, futhi ibalulekile ngokwesiko. Nakuba sikhathazeke ngokufanele ngomthelela wokuguquka kwesimo sezulu emikhomo, kufanele futhi sazi ukuthi imikhomo ingaba umsizi omkhulu, omkhulu ekulweni nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu! Ngokutshuza kwawo okujulile, ukufuduka okukhulu, ubude besikhathi sokuphila, nemizimba emikhulu, imikhomo inendima enkulu kule mfihlo yolwandle.

Owokuqala emhlabeni jikelele “i-whale poo diplomats” eTonga, ithuthukisa ukubaluleka kwemikhomo enempilo ekunciphiseni ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu embulungeni yonke. LR: Phil Kline, The Ocean Foundation, Angela Martin, Blue Climate Solutions, Steven Lutz, GRID-Arendal.

Imikhomo yomibili inika amandla izitshalo zasolwandle ukwehlisa i-CO2, futhi isiza ukugcina ikhabhoni olwandle. Okokuqala, zinikeza izakhi ezibalulekile ezenza izitshalo zasolwandle zikhule. I-whale poop ingumanyolo, oletha izakhi ezivela ekujuleni, lapho ukudla kwemikhomo, phezulu, lapho izitshalo zidinga lezi zakhi ku-photosynthesis. Imikhomo efudukayo ibuye iphathe imisoco ephuma ezindaweni zokudla ezikhiqiza kakhulu, futhi izikhulula emanzini angenazo izakhamzimba ezindaweni ezizalela kuyo imikhomo, okuthuthukisa ukukhula kwezitshalo zasolwandle ngaphesheya kolwandle.

Okwesibili, imikhomo igcina ikhabhoni ivaleleke olwandle, ngaphandle komkhathi, lapho ingase ibe nomthelela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Izitshalo zasolwandle ezincane zikhiqiza ushukela osuselwa kukhabhoni, kodwa ziphila isikhathi esifushane kakhulu, ngakho azikwazi ukugcina ikhabhoni. Lapho befa, inqwaba yale carbon ikhishwa emanzini angaphezulu, futhi ingaguqulwa ibuyele ku-CO2. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imikhomo ingaphila iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, idla amaketanga okudla aqala ngoshukela okulezi zitshalo ezincane, futhi iqongelela ikhabhoni emizimbeni yayo emikhulu. Lapho imikhomo ifa, ukuphila kolwandle okujulile kudla izinsalela zayo, kanti ikhabhoni eyayigcinwe emizimbeni yemikhomo ingangena ezinhlakeni. Lapho ikhabhoni ifinyelela inzika ejulile yolwandle, iyavaleka, futhi ngenxa yalokho ayikwazi ukushayela ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Le carbon mancane amathuba okuthi ibuye njenge-CO2 emkhathini, okungenzeka iminyaka eyinkulungwane.

Ingabe ukuvikela imikhomo kungaba yingxenye yekhambi lokushintsha kwesimo sezulu? Isithombe: USylke Rohrlach, Flickr

Njengoba iziQhingi zasePacific zifaka ingxenye encane ekukhishweni kwegesi ebamba ukushisa eqhuba ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu - ngaphansi kwengxenye ye-1%, koHulumeni baseziQhingini zasePacific, ukuvikela inhlalakahle kanye negalelo ku-ecosystem ehlinzekwa yimikhomo njenge-carbon sink kuyisenzo esisebenzayo kungasiza ukubhekana nosongo lokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kubantu baseziqhingini zasePacific, amasiko kanye nomhlaba. Abanye manje babona ithuba lokufaka ukongiwa kwemikhomo ekunikeleni kwabo ku-United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), kanye nokweseka impumelelo ye-UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), kokubili kwezinsiza zasolwandle (SDG 14), kanye isenzo ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu (SDG 13).

Imikhomo yase-Tonga ibhekene nezinsongo zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kodwa futhi ingasiza ekwehliseni imithelela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Isithombe: Roderick Eime, Flickr

Amazwe amaningana aseziQhingini zasePacific asengabaholi kwezokongiwa kwemikhomo, njengoba esememezele izindawo zokulondoloza imikhomo emanzini awo. Minyaka yonke, imikhomo emikhulukazi yama-humpback iyahlangana, izale futhi izale emanzini aseziQhingini zasePacific. Le mikhomo isebenzisa imizila efudukayo phakathi nolwandle oluphakeme, lapho ingavikelekile khona, ukuze ifike ezindaweni zayo zokudla e-Antarctica. Lapha bangaqhudelana ngomthombo wabo wokuqala wokudla, i-krill, nemikhumbi yokudoba. I-Antarctic krill isetshenziswa kakhulu ekudleni kwezilwane (i-aquaculture, imfuyo, izilwane ezifuywayo) kanye nokudoba izinhlanzi.

Njengoba i-UN kuleli sonto isingathe iNgqungquthela yokuqala yoLwandle ku-SDG 14, kanye nenqubo ye-UN yokuthuthukisa isivumelwano esingokomthetho mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo olwandle oluqhubekayo, ngibheke phambili ekusekeleni iziQhingi zasePacific ukufeza izinhloso zabo zokubona, ukuqonda, nokuvikela umhlaba. indima yemikhomo ekudambiseni ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Izinzuzo zalobu buholi kuzo zombili i-whales kanye ne-Pacific Islanders zizodlulela empilweni yabantu neyasolwandle emhlabeni jikelele.

Kodwa imfihlo yolwandle ijula ​​kakhulu. Akuwona nje imikhomo!

Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luxhumanisa impilo yasolwandle nezinqubo zokubanjwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokugcinwa kwazo ezibalulekile ekucwileni kwekhabhoni yolwandle, kanye nokuphila emhlabeni ukuze kubhekane nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Izinhlanzi, izimfudu, oshaka, ngisho nezinkalankala! Bonke banendima kule mfihlo yolwandle exhumene ngokuyinkimbinkimbi, eyaziwa kancane. Asikaze sanwaya phezulu.

Izindlela eziyisishiyagalombili izilwane zasolwandle ezisekela ngazo iphampu yekhabhoni yolwandle. Umdwebo ovela ku- Ikhabhoni yezinhlanzi umbiko (Lutz and Martin 2014).

U-Angela Martin, umholi wephrojekthi, i-Blue Climate Solutions

Umbhali uthanda ukubonga u-Fonds Pacifique kanye ne-Curtis kanye no-Edith Munson Foundation ngokuvumela ukukhiqizwa kombiko mayelana nemikhomo yasesiqhingini sase-Pacific kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kanye, kanye ne-GEF/UNEP Blue Forests Project, esekela ukuhambela i-Whales in a Changing Ocean. ingqungquthela.

Izixhumanisi eziwusizo:
Lutz, S.; UMartin, A. Ikhabhoni Yezinhlanzi: Ukuhlola Izinsizakalo Zekhabhoni Yezilwane Zasolwandle. 2014. GRID-Arendal
UMartin, A; I-Barefoot N. Whales Esimeni Sezulu Esishintshayo. 2017. SPREP
www.bluecsolutions.org