Ukuphawula Kwethu Ngomyalelo Ophezulu Wokubhekana Nezinhlekelele Zesimo Sezulu Ekhaya Nakwamanye Amazwe

Kuthunyelwe ku-NOAA ngomhla ka-2 Ephreli 2021

Ngokuphendula ku-Executive Order yakamuva ngomhla ka Ukubhekana Nezinhlekelele Zesimo Sezulu Ekhaya Nakwamanye Amazwe I-NOAA iyalwe ukuthi iqoqe izincomo zendlela yokwenza izindawo zokudoba nezinsiza ezivikelekile zikwazi ukumelana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, okuhlanganisa izinguquko ezindleleni zokuphatha nezokulondoloza, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi, ukuqapha kanye nokucwaninga ngokubambisana.

Thina e-The Ocean Foundation siyalamukela ithuba lokuphendula. I-Ocean Foundation kanye nabasebenzi bayo bamanje bebesebenza ezindabeni zolwandle kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kusukela ngo-1990; kwi-Ocean Acidification kusukela ngo-2003; nasezindabeni ezihlobene "zekhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" kusukela ngo-2007.

I-Ocean-Climate Nexus isungulwe kahle

Imiphumela yokwanda kwesisi esingcolisa umoya isongela imvelo yasogwini nasolwandle ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa lolwandle nokuncibilika kweqhwa, okubuye kuthinte imisinga yolwandle, izimo zezulu nezinga lolwandle. Futhi, ngenxa yokuthi amandla olwandle okumunca ikhabhoni eqiwe, sibona nokushintsha kwamakhemikhali olwandle ngenxa yokukhishwa kwekhabhoni yethu.

Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, imisinga nokukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle, ekugcineni kuzothinta impilo yazo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane zasolwandle, kanye nezindawo ezihlala eduze nogu nezilwandle ezijulile. Izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ziye zavela ukuze zikhule emazingeni okushisa, amakhemikhali kanye nokujula. Impela, esikhathini esifushane, yizinhlobo zezilwane ezingakwazi ukufuduka futhi ziye ezindaweni ezipholile kukholomu yamanzi noma ezindaweni ezipholile ezithinteka kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, kakade sesilahlekelwe ngaphezu kwengxenye yawo wonke amakhorali ngenxa yengxenye yokufudumala kwamanzi abulala izilwane ezakha amakhorali eshiya amathambo amhlophe ngemuva, inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-coral bleaching, okwakungakaze kuzwakale ngayo kwaze kwaba ngu-1998. Amakhorali nezimbaza , njengama-pteropods angaphansi kochungechunge lokudla, asengozini enkulu yoshintsho kumakhemikhali olwandle.

Ulwandle luyingxenye ebalulekile yesimiso sezulu somhlaba futhi ulwandle olunempilo lubalulekile enhlalakahleni yabantu kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Okokuqala, ikhiqiza umoya-mpilo futhi eziningi zezinguquko eziqhubekayo zizothinta inqubo yolwandle. Amanzi olwandle, izilwane zasolwandle, kanye nezindawo ezihlala olwandle konke kusiza ulwandle ukuthi lumunce ingxenye enkulu yekhabhoni dioxide ephuma emisebenzini yabantu. Ukuze abantu baphile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sidinga lezo zinhlelo ukuthi zibe nempilo futhi zisebenze kahle. Sidinga ulwandle ukuze silawule izinga lokushisa leplanethi, ukukhiqizwa komoyampilo nge-photosynthesis ye-phytoplankton, ukudla njll.

Kuyoba nemiphumela

Bangu Ezomnotho izinsongo ezinemiphumela yesikhashana neyesikhathi eside:

• Ukukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle sekuvele futhi kuzoqhubeka nokunciphisa amanani ezakhiwo, ukulimaza ingqalasizinda, kanye nokwandisa ukuchayeka kwengcuphe yabatshalizimali
• Ukuphazamiseka kwezinga lokushisa namakhemikhali emanzini kushintsha indawo yokudoba emhlabeni wonke, okuthinta inala yezinhlanzi ezithengiswayo nezinye kanye nokushintshela kwezokudoba ezindaweni ezintsha.
• Ukuthumela ngemikhumbi, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla, ezokuvakasha, nezindawo zokudoba kuzophazamiseka kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kokungabikezeli kwephethini lesimo sezulu, ukuvama kweziphepho namandla, kanye nezimo zendawo.

Ngakho, sikholelwa ukuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuzoguqula umnotho.

• Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kubangela usongo oluhlelekile ezimakethe zezimali kanye nomnotho
• Izindleko zokuthatha isinyathelo sokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka komuntu kwesimo sezulu zincane uma kuqhathaniswa nomonakalo
• Futhi, ngenxa yokuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kushintshile futhi kuzoguqula ezomnotho nezimakethe, amafemu akhiqiza izixazululo zokunciphisa isimo sezulu noma zokuzivumelanisa nezimo zizodlula izimakethe ezibanzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngakho, yini okufanele siyenze ukuze siphendule?

Kudingeka sicabange ngokwakha imisebenzi ezuzisa ulwandle, futhi sinciphise imisebenzi elimaza ulwandle (kanye nemiphakathi yabantu lapho leyo misebenzi yenzeka khona) ngoba ingumhlanganyeli wethu omkhulu ekulweni nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Futhi, ngoba ukunciphisa ukulimala kwandisa ukuqina.

Umgomo omkhulu wokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa (GHG) akufanele nje ufezwe, kodwa ufezwe ngokudlulela kwelinye. okulinganayo kanye nemvelo nje hlela ukunciphisa ukungcola kuyilapho uhlangabezana nezidingo zokudla emhlabeni wonke, ezokuthutha, namandla. Njengoba imiphakathi iqhubekela phambili ekudambiseni ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, kubalulekile ukwenza lokho ngendlela efanele, ngokusiza imiphakathi esengozini nokuvikela izilwane zasendle kanye nemvelo.

Ukubuyisela impilo yasolwandle nokuchichima kusho ukubuyisela okuhle kwezomnotho KANYE nokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.

Kudingeka senze imizamo ukuze:

• Ukwandisa imisebenzi yezomnotho emihle efana namandla avuselelekayo azinze olwandle, adala amathuba emisebenzi futhi anikeze amandla ahlanzekile.
• Yehlisa ukukhishwa kwezinto eziphuma olwandle kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha obubandakanyayo ukuze wenze ukuthunyelwa kusebenze kahle.
• Londoloza futhi ubuyisele imvelo yasogwini neyasolwandle ukuze kwandiswe inala futhi kuthuthukiswe ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni.
• Inqubomgomo ethuthukisiwe ekhuthaza indima edlalwa imvelo yasogwini neyolwandle njengamasinki ekhabhoni emvelo, okungukuthi ikhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• BUyisa futhi UGCINE izindawo ezibalulekile zasogwini ezithatha futhi zigcine ikhabhoni, okuhlanganisa nezimfunda zasolwandle, amahlathi omhlume, namaxhaphozi anosawoti.

Okusho ukuthi ulwandle lungakwazi

1. Dlala indima enkulu ekwehliseni ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ukuvala igebe lokukhishwa kwesisi esimeni esingu-2 degree cishe ngo-25% (Hoegh-Guldberg, O, et al, 2019), futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe umthelela wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuyo yonke imiphakathi.
2. Nikeza ngamathuba obuchwepheshe obusha obujabulisayo, imikhakha emincane yokutshalwa kwezimali, kanye nokuzinza komnotho lapho ubhekene noshintsho.

Siyidlala kanjani indima yethu:

I-Ocean Foundation ithi:

• UKUBUYISELA NOKULONDOLOZA izindawo ezibalulekile zasogwini ngohlelo lwethu lwe-Blue Resilience Initiative olugxile ekuvikelweni komphakathi kanye nokubekezelela isimo sezulu ngengqalasizinda yemvelo.
• Ukweseka ucwaningo lwesayensi mayelana nemvelo, ezomnotho, kanye nezinzuzo zenhlalo ye-carbon ecosystem (okungukuthi utshani basolwandle, imihlume, namaxhaphozi anosawoti) ukuze kudalwe futhi kwandiswe izindlela zokwenza imali esekelwe ezimakethe kanye neyokusiza umphakathi.
• Ukuxhumanisa ama-workshops okuqeqesha kanye neminye imisebenzi yokufunda ehlobene nokubuyiselwa nokongiwa kwezinsiza zekhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ukweseka ucwaningo lwesayensi nolwezimboni mayelana nezinzuzo zemvelo, ezomnotho, nezenhlalo zokusebenzisa izimila zasolwandle njengemikhiqizo ethuthukisa ezolimo.
• Qalisa amamodeli ebhizinisi amasha okuxhasa ngezimali okusekelwe ezimakethe kanye nokuphakelayo kwe-seaweed-based carbon offsetting ngokwakhiwa kwenhlabathi kanye nezolimo ezivuselelayo.
• Ukuthuthukisa nokwandisa ukuqapha kwesayensi kwezinguquko kumakhemikhali olwandle, kanye nokuphushela ukuzivumelanisa nezimo nokunciphisa ngohlelo lwethu Lwe-International Ocean Acidification Initiative.
• Ukusekela Ishumi Leminyaka Leshumi Le-UN Yesayensi Yasolwandle Yentuthuko Esimeme ngenkundla ephethwe yi-The Ocean Foundation ezoxhumanisa imisebenzi yokuxhasa ngezimali ukuxhasa Le minyaka Eyishumi okuhlanganisa ne-“EquiSea: The Ocean Science Fund for All.” I-EquiSea ihlose ukuthuthukisa ukulingana kusayensi yolwandle ngokusebenzisa isikhwama se-philanthropic esinikeza ukwesekwa okuqondile kwezezimali kumaphrojekthi, ukuxhumanisa imisebenzi yokuthuthukisa amandla, kanye nokugqugquzela ukubambisana nokuxhaswa ngezimali ngokubambisana kwesayensi yolwandle phakathi kwezemfundo, uhulumeni, i-NGO, nabalingisi bemboni ezimele.

Mayelana ne-Ocean Foundation

I-Ocean Foundation (TOF) isisekelo somphakathi samazwe ngamazwe esizinze e-Washington DC, eyasungulwa ngo-2003 kuphela isisekelo somphakathi solwandle, umgomo wawo ukusekela, ukuqinisa, nokukhuthaza izinhlangano ezizinikele ekubuyiseleni umkhuba wokucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zolwandle emhlabeni jikelele. I-TOF isingatha futhi isekele amaphrojekthi angaphezu kuka-50 futhi inezibonelelo emazweni angaphezu kuka-40 emazwekazini angu-6, egxile ekwakheni amandla, ukulondoloza izindawo zokuhlala, ukufunda nolwandle, nokuvikela izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Abasebenzi kanye Nebhodi le-TOF lakhiwe ngabantu abanolwazi olubalulekile kwezokongiwa kwasolwandle kanye nesisa. Futhi inebhodi labaluleki bamazwe ngamazwe elikhulayo lososayensi, abenzi bezinqubomgomo, ochwepheshe bezemfundo, nabanye ochwepheshe abaphezulu.

Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe:

Jason Donofrio, Isikhulu Sezobudlelwano Bangaphandle

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