I-TOF icela iNational Academies ukuthi ihlole ukuklama kabusha ipulasitiki

Njengengxenye ye-The Ocean Foundation's Redesigning Plastics Initiative, mhla ziyi-15 kuJulayi 2019, sacela umhlangano wesikophu kumabhodi abalulekile eSikhungo Sikazwelonke Sezifundo Zesayensi, Ubunjiniyela Nezokwelapha okuhlanganisa: Ibhodi Lezifundo Zase-Ocean, Ibhodi Lesayensi Yezesayensi Nobuchwepheshe kanye Ibhodi Lezifundo Zemvelo kanye Ne-Toxicology. UMongameli we-TOF, u-Mark J. Spalding, oyilungu le-Ocean Studies Board, ucele umhlangano we-scoping ukuze kuphakame umbuzo wokuthi iZikhungo zingaluleka kanjani ngesayensi yokuklama kabusha amapulasitiki kanye namandla endlela yokukhiqiza esekelwe ekubhekaneni nesabelomali esabiwe. inselele yomhlaba wonke yokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki. 

Siqale ekuqondeni okwabelwana ngakho ukuthi “ipulasitiki ayiyona ipulasitiki,” nokuthi leli gama liwumusho osambulela wenani lezinto ezakhiwe ngama-polymer amaningi, izithasiselo, nezakhi ezixubile. Esikhathini esingamahora amathathu, leli qembu laxoxisana ngezinselelo eziningi ezibanzi zokuxazulula inkinga yokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki, kusukela ekubuyiseni nasekusetshenzisweni kabusha kuya emigoqweni eqinile yokulawulwa kwemfucuza kanye nokungaqiniseki ekuhloleni isiphetho semvelo kanye nemiphumela yepulasitiki ezindaweni zokuhlala, izilwane zasendle kanye nempilo yabantu. . Ngokunikezwa ikhwelo eliqondile le-TOF lesenzo sesayensi yokuklama kabusha, ukushayela indlela esekelwe ekukhiqizeni, abanye ababambiqhaza baphikisa ngokuthi le ndlela ingase ifaneleke kangcono engxoxweni eqhutshwa inqubomgomo (kunokuhlola kwesayensi) yokugunyaza ukuklanywa kabusha ukuze kuqedwe izinto zokwakha kanye inkimbinkimbi yokwakheka komkhiqizo, yehlisa ukungcoliswa, futhi ikhawulele inqwaba yama-polymers emakethe. Nakuba ukungaqiniseki kwesayensi kusasele endleleni yokubuyisela, ukuphinda kusetshenziswe, noma ukugaywa kabusha kwamapulasitiki akhona ngesilinganiso, ososayensi abambalwa emhlanganweni baphakamise ukuthi onjiniyela bamakhemikhali kanye nososayensi bezinto ezibonakalayo bangakwazi ngempela ukwenza lula futhi balinganise ukukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki ngenhlanganisela yezindlela ezisekelwe ku-bio-based, mechanical kanye namakhemikhali, uma bekukhona inkuthazo futhi ubize ukwenza kanjalo.  

Esikhundleni sokugunyaza ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezithile okufanele zibe kumapulasitiki, omunye umhlanganyeli uphakamise ukuthi indlela esezingeni lokusebenza izophonsela inselelo umkhakha wesayensi nezizimele ukuthi ube nobuhlakani obusha futhi ugweme imithetho engase yenqatshwe njengemisela kakhulu. Lokhu kungase futhi kushiye umnyango uvulekele emisha enkulu nakakhulu emgwaqeni. Ekupheleni kosuku, izinto ezintsha, ezenziwe lula kanye nemikhiqizo izoba yinhle ngokwesidingo semakethe, ngakho-ke ukuhlola ukuphumelela kwezindleko zokukhiqiza nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ihlala ithengeka kumthengi ojwayelekile kuyizici ezibalulekile ngokufanayo okufanele zihlolwe. Izingxoxo emhlanganweni zaqinisa ukubaluleka kokubandakanya abadlali echungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa kwepulasitiki ukusiza ukuhlonza izixazululo ezithola ukwesekwa okudingekayo ukuze kuqhutshwe ukuqaliswa.