Kufanele Uhambe Ngomgwaqo Omkhulu

Le phrojekthi ixhaswe yi-Shark Conservation Fund kanye ne-National Geographic Society.

I-smalltooth sawfish ingenye yezidalwa ezingaqondakali kakhulu emhlabeni. Yebo, inhlanzi, ngokuthi bonke oshaka nemisebe kubhekwa njengezinhlanzi. Akuyena ushaka kodwa umsebe. Kuphela, inesici esiyingqayizivele kakhulu esiyenza ihluke ngisho nasemisebeni. Ine-“saw” - noma ngokwesayensi, "i-rostrum" - embozwe amazinyo nhlangothi zombili futhi isuka ngaphambi komzimba wayo.

Leli saha linikeze unqenqema oluhlukile. I-smalltooth sawfish izobhukuda phakathi kwekholomu yamanzi isebenzisa ukusunduza okunamandla okuyivumela ukuthi ibambe inyamazane. Ngemva kwalokho izoshwibeka ukuze icoshe isisulu sayo ngomlomo wayo—okunjengomsebe, ongaphansi komzimba wayo. Eqinisweni, kunemindeni emithathu yoshaka nemisebe esebenzisa amasaha njengezinto zokuzingela. Leli thuluzi elihlakaniphile nelisebenzayo lokufuna ukudla selivele izikhathi ezintathu ezahlukene. 

I-rostra ye-sawfish nayo ibe yisiqalekiso.

Akuyona nje ilukuluku elijatshulelwa izinkulungwane zeminyaka ngamasiko ahlukene afana nezimpondo zendlovu noma amaphiko oshaka. Amanethi abuye ababambe kalula. Njengoba ingavamile njenge-sawfish, ayifaneleki njengomthombo wokudla. I-cartilaginous kakhulu, okwenza ukukhishwa kwenyama kube yinto engcolile kakhulu. Ayinanda ngempela kodwa manje ayivamile kulo lonke uhla lwayo e-Caribbean, i-smalltooth sawfish kunzima ukuyithola. Nakuba kunezindawo zethemba (izingxenye zolwandle ezidinga ukuvikelwa ngenxa yezilwane zasendle kanye nezindawo ezibalulekile ezihlala ngaphansi kwamanzi) eFlorida Bay futhi muva nje eBahamas, kunzima kakhulu ukukuthola e-Atlantic. 

Njengengxenye yephrojekthi ebizwa ngokuthi Isinyathelo Sokusindisa I-Caribbean Sawfish (ISCS), I-Ocean Foundation, I-Shark Advocates International, Futhi I-Havenworth Coastal Conservation baletha amashumi eminyaka omsebenzi e-Caribbean ukusiza ukuthola lolu hlobo lwezilwane. I-Cuba yiyona ehamba phambili ekutholeni eyodwa, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kanye nobufakazi obungajwayelekile obuvela kubadobi eduze kwamamayela angu-600 ogwini olusenyakatho.

Ososayensi baseCuba uFabián Pina noTamara Figueredo benza ucwaningo ngo-2011, lapho bakhuluma khona nabadobi abangaphezu kwekhulu. Bathole ubufakazi obuqand' ikhanda bokuthi i-sawfish yayise-Cuba kusuka kudatha yokubamba kanye nokubonwayo. Uzakwethu we-ISCS, uDkt. Dean Grubbs waseFlorida State University, wayemake ama-sawfish ambalwa e-Florida nase-Bahamas futhi wasola ngokuzimela ukuthi i-Cuba ingase ibe enye indawo yethemba. I-Bahamas neCuba ihlukaniswe kuphela umsele wamanzi ojulile - kwezinye izindawo ngamamayela angu-50 kuphela ububanzi. Abantu abadala kuphela abatholakale emanzini aseCuba. Ngakho-ke, i-hypothesis evamile ukuthi noma iyiphi i-sawfish etholakala e-Cuba isuke isuka eFlorida noma e-Bahamas. 

Ukuzama ukumaka i-sawfish kuwukudubula ebumnyameni.

Ikakhulukazi ezweni lapho kungekho okuye kwabhalwa phansi ngokwesayensi. I-TOF kanye nozakwethu baseCuba bakholelwa ukuthi ulwazi olwengeziwe luyadingeka ngaphambi kokuthi kukhonjwe isiza ukuze kuzanywe uhambo lokumaka. Ngo-2019, u-Fabián no-Tamara baxoxa nabadobi abaya kude empumalanga eBaracoa, idolobhana elingasempumalanga lapho uChristopher Columbus afika khona okokuqala eCuba ngo-1494. Lezi zingxoxo azigcinanga nje ngokudalula ama-rostra amahlanu aqoqwe abadobi eminyakeni edlule, kodwa zasiza ukukhomba lapho ukumaka kungatholakala khona. kuzanywe. Ukhiye ohlukanisiwe we-Cayo Confites enyakatho emaphakathi neCuba ukhethiwe ngokusekelwe kulezi zingxoxo kanye nobubanzi obungathuthukisiwe botshani basolwandle, umhlume, namafulethi esihlabathi - athandwa yi-sawfish. Ngokwamazwi kaDkt. Grubbs, lokhu kuthathwa ngokuthi “indawo ye-sawfishy”.

Ngo-January, uFabián noTamara bachitha izinsuku bebeka imigqa emide besuka esikebheni sokudoba sokhuni.

Ngemva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu bengabambi lutho, babuyela eHavana bebhekise amakhanda phansi. Ohambweni olude oluya ekhaya, bathola ucingo oluvela kumdobi ePlaya Girón eningizimu yeCuba, owabakhomba kumdobi eCardenas. ICardenas iyidolobha elincane laseCuba eliseCardenas Bay. Njengamatheku amaningi ogwini olusenyakatho, izobhekwa njenge-sawfishy kakhulu.

Lapho befika eCardenas, umdobi wabangenisa emzini wakhe futhi wababonisa okuthile okwakuxova yonke imibono yabo. Esandleni sakhe umdobi wayephethe induku encane, encane kakhulu kunanoma yini ababeyibonile. Ngokubukeka kwakhe wayephethe ingane encane. Omunye umdobi wayithola ngo-2019 ngesikhathi ethulula inetha lakhe eCardenas Bay. Ngokudabukisayo, inhlanzi isaha yayifile. Kodwa lokhu okutholakele kuzonikeza ithemba lokuqala lokuthi i-Cuba ingase ibambe izakhamuzi ze-sawfish. Iqiniso lokuthi okutholakele kwakusanda kwenzeka lalithembisa ngokufanayo. 

Ukuhlaziywa kofuzo kwezicubu zale ngane, kanye nezinye ezinhlanu, kuzosiza ukuhlanganisa ukuthi ama-sawfish ase-Cuba ayizivakashi ezingosomathuba noma ingxenye yabantu basekhaya. Uma lokhu kwakamuva, kunethemba lokuthi kuzosetshenziswa izinqubomgomo zokudoba ukuze kuvikelwe lezi zilwane futhi kulandele abazingeli abangekho emthethweni. Lokhu kuthatha ukuhambisana okwengeziwe njengoba i-Cuba ingayiboni i-sawfish njengensiza yokudoba. 

Isithombe Esingakwesokunxele: UDkt. Pina enikeza isitifiketi sokubonga kumdobi waseCardenas u-Osmany Toral Gonzalez
Isithombe Esingakwesokudla: UDkt. Fabian Pina ethula isibonelo se-Cardenas esikhungweni socwaningo lwasolwandle, eNyuvesi yaseHavana

Indaba ye-Cardenas sawfish iyisibonelo salokho okusenza sithande isayensi.

Igeyimu enensayo, kodwa okubonakala sengathi izinto ezincane ezitholakele zingashintsha indlela esicabanga ngayo. Kulokhu, sigubha ukufa komsebe omncane. Kodwa, lo msebe ungase unikeze ithemba kontanga yawo. Isayensi ingaba inqubo ehamba kancane kabuhlungu. Nokho, izingxoxo nabadobi ziphendula imibuzo. Ngenkathi u-Fabián engishayela ngezindaba wangitshela ukuthi, “hay que caminar y coger carretera”. NgesiNgisi, lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele uhambe kancane kuthelawayeka osheshayo. Ngamanye amazwi ukubekezela, ukubekezela kanye nelukuluku elingapheli kuzovula indlela eya ekutholeni okukhulu. 

Lokhu kutholwa kungokokuqala, futhi ekugcineni kusengasho ukuthi amasaha aseCuba angabantu abafudukayo. Kodwa-ke, kunikeza ithemba lokuthi i-sawfish yase-Cuba ingaba sezingeni elingcono kunalokho esasikukholelwa.