2017 Boyd N. Lyon Mai karɓar Asusun Kunkuru Sea

The Boyd N. Lyon Sea Turtle Fund an ƙirƙira shi ne don tunawa da Boyd N. Lyon kuma yana ba da tallafin karatu na shekara ga ɗalibin nazarin halittun ruwa wanda bincikensa ya mai da hankali kan kunkuru na teku. Iyali da masoya ne suka kirkiro wannan asusun tare da haɗin gwiwar The Ocean Foundation don ba da tallafi ga waɗannan ayyukan da ke haɓaka fahimtar mu game da halayen kunkuru na teku, buƙatun wurin zama, yalwar sararin samaniya da rarraba na ɗan lokaci, aminci na ruwa na bincike, da sauransu. Boyd yana aiki a kan digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin halittu a Jami'ar Tsakiyar Florida kuma yana yin bincike a Cibiyar Binciken Turtle ta UCF da ke Melbourne Beach lokacin da ya mutu cikin bala'i yana yin abin da ya fi so ya yi, yana ƙoƙarin kama kunkuru na teku. Dalibai da yawa suna neman tallafin karatu kowace shekara, amma mai karɓa dole ne ya sami sha'awar kunkuru na teku kamar na Boyd.

Wanda ya karɓi kuɗin tallafin karatu na Boyd N. Lyon Sea Turtle a wannan shekara shine Juan Manuel Rodriquez-Baron. A halin yanzu Juan yana karatun digirinsa na uku a Jami'ar North Carolina, Wilmington. Shirin da Juan ya gabatar ya ƙunshi kima na Bycatch da ƙimar ilimin lissafi na bayan sakin kunkuru na fata na Gabashin Pacific a wuraren kiwon kiwo a bakin tekun Amurka ta Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. Karanta cikakken shirin nasa a kasa:

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1.Bayanin tambayar bincike 
The East Pacific (EP) leatherback kunkuru (Dermochelys coriacea) jeri daga Mexico zuwa Chile, tare da manyan gida rairayin bakin teku masu a Mexico da Costa Rica (Santidrián Tomillo et al. 2007; Sarti Martínez et al. 2007) da kuma firamare foraging filaye a cikin ruwa a gefen tekun na Amurka ta tsakiya da ta kudu (Shillinger et al. 2008, 2011; Bailey et al. 2012). Kunkuru na fata na EP IUCN ne ya jera shi a matsayin Matsakaicin Matsala, kuma an yi rikodin raguwar yawan mace-macen mata a manyan rairayin bakin teku masu.http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/46967807/0). An kiyasta cewa a halin yanzu akwai kasa da 1000 balagagge mata EP kunkuru na fata. Kamun da ba a yi niyya ba na kunkuru na fata na EP na manya da ƙananan manya ta hanyar kamun kifi da ke aiki a cikin wuraren kiwon kiwo na wannan nau'in yana da matukar damuwa musamman, idan aka ba da tasiri mai ƙarfi da waɗannan matakan rayuwa ke da shi akan haɓakar yawan jama'a (Alfaro-Shigueto et al. 2007, 2011; Wallace et al. al. 2008). Sakamako daga binciken da aka yi a tashar jiragen ruwa da aka gudanar a gabar tekun Kudancin Amurka ya nuna cewa tsakanin 1000 zuwa 2000 EP ana kama kunkuru na fata a cikin ƙananan kamun kifi na yanki a kowace shekara, kuma kusan kashi 30% - 50% na kunkuru da aka kama suna mutuwa (NFWF da IUCN/SSC) Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Kunkuru). NOAA ta jera kunkuru na fata na Pacific a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "Nau'i a cikin Hasken Haske" guda takwas, kuma ta ayyana ragewa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan kiyayewa don dawo da wannan nau'in. A cikin Maris 2012, an haɗu da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru na EP. Shirin Ayyukan Yanki ya jaddada mahimmancin mahimmancin gano wuraren da ke da haɗari mai yawa, kuma musamman yana ba da shawarar fadada kimantawa na kunnuwan ruwa na tashar jiragen ruwa don haɗawa da Panama da Colombia. Bugu da ƙari, Shirin Ayyukan Yanki ya yarda cewa mace-mace ta hanyar kamun kifi yana ba da babban ƙalubale ga ƙoƙarin dawo da kunkuru na EP fataback, kuma ya tabbatar da cewa ingantaccen fahimtar adadin mace-mace bayan haɗin gwiwa yana da mahimmanci don tantance ainihin tasirin kamun kifi. wannan nau'in.

2. Buri 
2.1. Sanar da waɗanne jiragen ruwa suke hulɗa da fata na fata da kuma lokutan yanayi da yankuna suna da mahimmanci ga waɗannan hulɗar; Hakanan, don gudanar da bita tare da masunta don raba sakamakon binciken, haɓaka mafi kyawun ayyuka don kulawa da sakin kunkuru da aka kama, da haɓaka alaƙar haɗin gwiwa don sauƙaƙe karatun gaba.

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2.2. Tace kididdigar mace-macen kunkuru na fata saboda mu'amalar kamun kifi, da kuma rubuta motsin kunkuru na fata a wuraren kiwon kiwo na Gabashin Pacific don tantance yuwuwar mu'amalar kamun kifi.
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2.3. Haɗin kai tare da shirye-shiryen yanki na yanki (LaudOPO, NFWF) da NOAA don siffata kama kunkuru na fata a cikin kamun kifi na Amurka ta tsakiya da ta Kudu da sanar da yanke shawara na gudanarwa game da manufofin rage barazanar.
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3. Hanyar
3.1. Mataki na daya (a ci gaba) Mun gudanar da daidaitattun binciken kima na bycatch a tashoshi uku a Colombia (Buenaventura, Tumaco, da Bahía Solano) da tashoshi bakwai a Panama (Vacamonte, Pedregal, Remedios, Muelle Fiscal, Coquira, Juan Diaz da Mutis). Zaɓin tashoshin jiragen ruwa don gudanar da bincike ya dogara ne akan bayanan gwamnati game da manyan jiragen ruwan kamun kifi da ke aiki a cikin ruwan Colombia da Panama. Bugu da ƙari, bayanan da jiragen ruwa ke hulɗa tare da fata na fata da kuma tarin farko na haɗin gwiwar hulɗa (ta hanyar sassan GPS da aka rarraba ga masunta da ke son shiga). Waɗannan bayanai za su ba mu damar tantance waɗanne jiragen ruwa da za mu yi aiki da su don tattara ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da hulɗar. Ta hanyar yin taron bita na ƙasa a watan Yuni na 2017, muna ba da shawarar samar da horo da kayan aiki don haɓaka ayyukan kamun kifi waɗanda za su ƙara yuwuwar rayuwa bayan sakewar kunkuru na fata da aka kama a cikin kamun kifi na bakin teku da na ƙasƙanci a ƙasashen biyu.
3.2. Mataki na biyu Za mu tura masu watsa tauraron dan adam akan kuma gudanar da kimar lafiya tare da kunkuru masu fata da aka kama a cikin kamun kifi na dogon layi/gillnet na Colombia da Panama. Za mu yi aiki tare tare da masana kimiyya na gwamnati daga Sabis na Kamun Kifi na Colombia da Panama (AUNAP da ARAP) da masunta da ke aiki a wuraren da ke da haɗarin kamawa, kamar yadda binciken da aka yi a tashar jiragen ruwa ya nuna. Za a gudanar da kimar lafiya da abin da aka makala masu watsawa, bisa ga ka'idojin da aka buga (Harris et al. 2011; Casey et al. 2014), tare da kunkuru na fata da aka kama yayin gudanar da ayyukan kamun kifi na yau da kullun. Za a yi nazarin samfuran jini don takamaiman masu canji a cikin jirgin tare da na'urar nazarin kulawa, kuma za a daskare ƙaramin samfurin jini don bincike na gaba. Za a tsara alamun PAT don saki daga wurin haɗin kai a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ke nuna mace-mace (watau zurfin> 1200m ko zurfi na tsawon awanni 24) ko bayan lokacin sa ido na watanni 6. Za mu yi amfani da tsarin ƙirar ƙira wanda ya dace da bayanan da aka tattara don kwatanta halayen ilimin lissafi na waɗanda suka tsira, mace-mace, da kuma kunkuru masu lafiya da aka kama a teku don binciken kimiyya. Za a kula da motsin bayan-saki kuma za a bincika yanayin sararin samaniya da na ɗan lokaci a cikin amfani da wurin zama. 4. Sakamakon da ake sa ran, yadda za a yada sakamakon Za mu yi amfani da bayanan bincike da kididdiga na gwamnati kan girma da kokarin da jiragen ruwan kamun kifi ke yi don kimanta yawan mu'amalar kunkuru na fata da ke faruwa kowace shekara a cikin kananan kamun kifi da masana'antu. Kwatankwacin kamun kunkuru na fata tsakanin kamun kifi zai ba mu damar gano barazanar farko da damar rage kamawa a wannan yanki. Haɗin bayanan ilimin lissafi tare da bayanan halayen bayan-saki zai haɓaka ikonmu na kimanta mace-mace saboda hulɗar kamun kifi. Sa ido kan tauraron dan adam na kunkuru na fata da aka saki zai kuma ba da gudummawa ga burin Shirin Ayyuka na Yanki na gano tsarin amfani da muhalli da yuwuwar mamaye sararin samaniya da na ɗan lokaci na kunkuru baya fata da ayyukan kamun kifi a Gabashin Pacific.