3 Maɓallai don Ajiye Caye Taba

by Michael Bourie, TOF Intern

Bayan da na shafe Kirsimeti na ƙarshe an haɗe a ciki don guje wa dusar ƙanƙara, na yanke shawarar ciyar da wannan lokacin hunturun da ya gabata a cikin Caribbean don yin kwas filin nazarin halittu na wurare masu zafi ta Cibiyar Nazarin Kasa da Kasa Mai Dorewa. Na yi makonni biyu ina zaune a Tobacco Caye kusa da bakin tekun Belize. Taba Caye ya haɓaka daidai a kan Mesoamerican Barrier Reef. Yana da kusan kadada huɗu kuma yana da mazaunan dindindin goma sha biyar, duk da haka har yanzu yana sarrafa samun abin da mazauna wurin ke magana da shi, “hanyar babbar hanya” (ko da yake babu abin hawa ɗaya akan caye).

Kusan mil goma daga garin tashar tashar jiragen ruwa mafi kusa na Dangriga, Taba Caye an cire shi daga yanayin rayuwar yau da kullun na Belize. Bayan da guguwar Mitch ta afkawa a cikin 1998, yawancin kayayyakin more rayuwa a kan Taba Caye sun lalace. Yawancin ƴan gidajen kwana a kan caye har yanzu ana ci gaba da gyarawa.

Lokacin mu akan caye bai ɓata ba. Tsakanin snorkels da yawa a kowace rana, ko dai kai tsaye daga gaɓar teku da mashigin ruwa, ko kuma tafiya cikin gaggawar jirgin ruwa, laccoci a tashar ruwa ta Tobacco Caye Marine Station, hawan bishiyoyin kwakwa, hulɗa da jama'ar gida, da kuma barci lokaci-lokaci a cikin hammock, mu An ci gaba da nutsewa cikin koyo game da tsarin ruwan teku na Mesoamerican barrier reef.

Ko da yake mun koyi bayanin darajar semester sama da makonni biyu, musamman abubuwa uku sun makale a kaina game da Taba Caye da ƙoƙarin kiyaye ruwa.

Da farko, mazauna yankin sun haifar da shinge mai shinge da ke kewaye da caye a wani yunƙuri na hana ci gaba da zaizayar ƙasa. Kowace shekara, bakin tekun yana raguwa kuma ƙaramin caye da ya riga ya zama ƙarami. Idan ba tare da yawan mangrove masu yawa waɗanda suka mamaye tsibirin kafin haɓakar ɗan adam ba, bakin tekun yana fuskantar zaizayar ruwa mai yawa, musamman a lokacin guguwa. Mazauna gidan shan taba ko dai suna taimakawa wajen kula da gidajen, ko kuma masunta ne. Mafi na kowa kuma sanannen kamawa ga masunta na Tobacco Caye shine conch. Lokacin da suka koma caye, sai su cire conch daga harsashi kuma su jefa harsashi a bakin teku. Shekaru na wannan al'ada sun haifar da babban shinge ga bakin tekun. Babban misali ne na haɗin gwiwar al'ummar yankin don taimakawa kiyaye kaye a cikin yanayi mai ɗorewa da yanayin yanayi.

Na biyu, gwamnatin Belize ta kafa yankin Kudancin Water Caye Marine Reserve a cikin 1996. Duk masuntan Tobacco Caye masunta ne masu sana'a kuma an yi amfani da su don yin kamun kifi a bakin teku. Koyaya, tare da Tobacco Caye yana kwance a cikin ajiyar ruwa, sun san dole suyi tafiya kusa da mil daga gaɓar don kifi. Ko da yake da yawa daga cikin masunta suna cikin takaicin rashin jin daɗin ma'aunin ruwan, sun fara ganin tasirinsa. Suna lura da sake girma na kifaye iri-iri da ba su taɓa gani ba tun suna yara, girman nau'in lobsters, conch, da kifin da yawa da ke kusa da bakin teku suna ƙaruwa, kuma bisa ga wani mazaunin yankin, ƙarin adadin kunkuru na ruwa da ke zaune a kan tudun ruwa. Taba Caye bakin teku a karon farko cikin kusan shekaru goma. Yana iya zama ɗan rashin jin daɗi ga masunta, amma ajiyar ruwa a fili yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan yanayin magudanar ruwa.
 

Na uku, kuma na baya-bayan nan, mamayewar kifin zaki yana shafar sauran kifayen da dama. Kifin zaki ba asalinsa ba ne a Tekun Atlantika saboda haka yana da mafarauta kaɗan. Har ila yau, kifi ne mai cin nama kuma yana ciyar da yawancin kifin da ke cikin yankin Mesoamerican Barrier Reef. A kokarin yaki da wannan mamayar, tashoshin ruwa na cikin gida, irin su Tashar Tabar Caye Marine, suna inganta kifin zaki a kasuwannin kifi na gida don kara yawan bukatu da fatan masunta su fara kamun kifi mai yawa na wannan kifin mai dafin. Wannan wani misali ne na matakai masu sauƙi da al'ummomi a kan caye na Belize suke ɗauka don ingantawa da kiyaye wannan muhimmin yanayin yanayin ruwa.

Hotuna daga Michael Bourie

Hoto 1: Conch harsashi shinge

Hoto 2: gani daga Reef's End Tobacco Caye

Hoto 3: Taba Caye

Hoto 4: Mufasa the Lionfish