Bulogin Baƙi daga Shark Advocates

Shark Advocates International (SAI) yana farin cikin fara cikakken shekara ta biyu a matsayin aikin Gidauniyar Ocean Foundation (TOF). Godiya ga TOF, mun shirya sosai don haɓaka ƙoƙarinmu na kiyaye sharks da haskoki a cikin 2012. 

Muna haɓaka kan nasarori masu yawa masu lada waɗanda muka taka rawa a cikin 2011, gami da kariya ta manta ray a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Kan Isowar Hijira, matakan kiyaye ƙasa na farko na sharks siliki na Atlantika, raguwar adadin ƙasa da ƙasa don kankara a Arewa maso yammacin Tekun Atlantika. , Kariyar ƙasa da ƙasa don kifin kifin teku a cikin Gabashin Tropical Pacific, da kariya ga sharks na porbeagle a cikin Bahar Rum.

Watanni masu zuwa kuma suna ba da damammaki masu yawa don inganta yanayin kiyayewa na sharks da haskoki masu rauni. SAI za ta mai da hankali kan kokarin hadin gwiwa don hana kifayen kifaye, cinikayyar da ba ta dorewa ba, da tara kudade ta hanyar kungiyoyi daban-daban na gida, yanki da na duniya. 

Misali, 2012 za ta kasance babban shekara don kiyaye hammerheads, daga cikin mafi barazanar sharks masu ƙaura. Da nufin ƙarfafa iyakokin hammerhead na Amurka, zan ci gaba da shiga cikin tarurrukan Hukumar Kula da Kamun Kifi ta Kasa (NMFS) Kwamitin Ba da Shawarwari na Nauyin Hijira inda za a haɓaka zaɓin gwamnati na sake gina al'ummar hammerhead a tsawon wannan shekara. SAI ta yi kira da a saka hammerhead sharks (mai laushi, scalloped, kuma mai girma) a cikin jerin abubuwan da aka haramta na tarayya (ma'ana an hana). Har ila yau, saboda hammerheads nau'in nau'in nau'i ne na musamman kuma yakan mutu cikin sauƙi da sauri idan aka kama shi, ya zama dole a yi bincike da aiwatar da wasu matakan don hana kamuwa da hammer tun da farko, da kuma inganta damar da za a kama da saki. hammerheads tsira.

Har ila yau Hammerheads ya ba da ƙwararrun ƴan takarar da za su yi rajista a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Cinikayya ta Ƙasashen Duniya a cikin Hare-hare (CITES). {Asar Amirka ta ɓullo da wani tsari na jeri hammerhead (da nufin inganta bin diddigin kasuwancin hammerhead na ƙasa da ƙasa) don taron CITES na ƙarshe a 2010, amma ba ta sami rinjayen 2/3 na ƙuri'u daga wasu ƙasashe waɗanda ake buƙata don karɓuwa ba. SAI ta kasance tana ba da haɗin kai tare da Gidauniyar AWARE don roƙon gwamnatin Amurka da ta ci gaba da yunƙurin taƙaddamar kasuwanci ta hanyar shawarwarin taron CITES na 2013. SAI za ta yi amfani da damammaki daban-daban masu zuwa don yin tsokaci game da fifikon Amurka don shawarwarin CITES, da ke nuna halin hammerheads da sauran nau'ikan shark. Ana sa ran yanke shawara na ƙarshe akan shawarwarin Amurka na CITES a ƙarshen shekara. Bugu da ƙari, za mu yi aiki tare da ƙungiyoyin kiyayewa na ƙasa da ƙasa iri-iri don ƙarfafa shawarwarin jeri na CITES daga wasu ƙasashe don wasu nau'o'in barazana, da ake fatauci sosai kamar su kifin karen spiny da sharks na porbeagle.

A wannan shekara kuma za ta kawo fafatawa na ƙarshe a cikin dogon yaƙin da za a yi don ƙarfafa takunkumin da Tarayyar Turai (EU) ta haramta yin amfani da shark (yanke filaye na shark da zubar da jiki a cikin teku). A halin yanzu ka'idar kudi ta EU ta ba wa masunta izini damar cire filayen shark a teku tare da saukar da su daban daga jikin shark. Waɗannan madogaran suna da matuƙar kawo cikas ga aiwatar da dokar hana tara kuɗi na EU da kafa mugun ma'auni ga sauran ƙasashe. SAI tana aiki kafada da kafada da kawancen kungiyar Shark Alliance don karfafawa ministocin kamun kifi na EU da mambobin majalisar Tarayyar Turai su amince da shawarar Hukumar Tarayyar Turai na bukatar a saukar da dukkan sharks da har yanzu a makale finsu. Tuni da aka riga aka yi don yawancin kamun kifi na Amurka da Amurka ta Tsakiya, wannan buƙatu ita ce kawai hanyar da ba ta da aminci don tabbatar da cewa ba a ci tarar sharks ba; Hakanan zai iya haifar da ingantacciyar bayanai game da nau'in kifin da aka ɗauka (saboda sharks sun fi saurin ganewa zuwa matakin nau'in lokacin da har yanzu suna da finsu). Yawancin ƙasashe membobin EU sun riga sun haramta kawar da kifin shark a cikin teku, amma Spain da Portugal - manyan ƙasashen kamun kifi - tabbas za su ci gaba da yin gwagwarmaya mai kyau don kiyaye keɓantacce. Dokar "fins a haɗe" a cikin EU zai inganta damar samun nasarar nasarar ƙoƙarin Amurka na ƙarfafa haramcin kashe kuɗi na kasa da kasa ta wannan hanya kuma zai iya amfana da sharks a duniya.

Kusa da gida, SAI yana ƙara damuwa kuma yana aiki game da girma kuma duk da haka ba a kayyade kamun kifi don "smooth dogfish" (ko "smooth hound) sharks a cikin jihohin tsakiyar Atlantic. Kifi mai santsi shine kawai nau'in kifin kifin Atlantika na Amurka wanda ake niyya ba tare da iyakacin kamun kifi ba. Ba kamar sauran kifin kifin da ake kasuwanci da su a yankin ba, kifin karen santsi shima har yanzu bai ga batun tantance yawan jama'a ba wanda zai tantance matakan kama. Manajojin jihar Atlantika sun goyi bayan shirin takaita kamun bayan da masana'antar kamun kifi ta ki amincewa da hakan. An tsara iyakokin farko na tarayya don yin kamun kifi a wannan watan, amma tun daga lokacin an dage shi saboda jinkirin aiwatar da Dokar Kare Shark, wanda ya haɗa da yare wanda zai iya haifar da keɓancewa ga kifin mai santsi. A halin da ake ciki, saukar kifi mai santsi yana ƙaruwa kuma masunta suna neman a haɓaka duk wani iyaka na gaba fiye da abin da aka amince da shi a baya. SAI za ta ci gaba da gabatar da damuwarmu tare da manajojin kamun kifi na jiha da na tarayya tare da burin hana kama kama yayin da ake tantance yawan jama'a.

Wani nau'in tsakiyar Atlantika mai rauni da ke damun SAI shine hasken cownose. Wannan dangi na kusa da sharks shine batun yaƙin neman zaɓe na masana'antar abincin teku da aka fi sani da "Ku ci Ray, Ajiye Bay" wanda ke yin fa'ida kan da'awar kimiyya mai zafi da ake ta cece-kuce da ita cewa yawan raye-rayen Atlantic na Amurka ya fashe kuma yana haifar da barazana ga jinsuna masu daraja, irin su. kamar scallops da kawa. Masu fafutukar kifayen kifaye sun shawo kan mutane da yawa cewa cin naman nono (ko "Chesapeake") ba wai kawai wani sabon aiki ne mai dorewa ba, har ma da alhakin muhalli. A haƙiƙanin gaskiya, haskoki na cownose kan haifi ɗa guda ɗaya kawai a shekara, wanda hakan ke sa su zama masu saurin kamuwa da kifin da kuma jinkirin murmurewa da zarar sun ƙare, kuma babu iyaka akan kamawar cownose. Yayin da abokan aikin kimiyya ke aiki don karyata binciken da ya haifar da rashin fahimta da yawa game da haskoki na cownose, SAI ta mayar da hankali ga ilmantar da masu sayar da kayayyaki, manajoji, da jama'a game da rashin lafiyar dabba da kuma buƙatar gaggawa na kulawa.

A ƙarshe, SAI tana shiga cikin ayyuka iri-iri da nufin yin nazari da rage ɗaukar haɗari (ko "bycatch") na musamman sharks da haskoki masu rauni, irin su sawfish, whitetips na teku, da haskoki na manta. Ina shiga cikin kwamitoci da ƙungiyoyin aiki da yawa waɗanda ke zama babban zarafi don tattauna batutuwan da suka dace tare da masana kimiyya, manajojin kamun kifi, da masu kiyayewa daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Misali, Ina alfaharin zama sabon memba na Kwamitin Masu ruwa da tsaki na Muhalli na Gidauniyar Kula da Abinci ta Duniya wanda ta inda zan iya karfafa tallafi don takamaiman inganta manufofin kamun kifi na duniya na kungiyoyin kula da kamun kifi na yanki daban-daban don tuna. Na kasance memba mai dadewa a cikin US Smalltooth Sawfish farfadowa da na'ura wanda, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, da nufin ƙididdigewa da rage girman kamun kifi a cikin kamun kifi na Amurka. A wannan shekara, membobin ƙungiyar sawfish za su kasance tare da wasu ƙwararru daga Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Shark don haɓaka tsarin aiki na duniya don kiyayewar kifi.   

SAI ta yaba da damar da gwamnatin Amurka ke ba wa masu kiyayewa da sauran masu ruwa da tsaki don tattaunawa da taimakawa tsara manufofin shark na kasa da kasa. Ina fatan ci gaba da yin aiki a kwamitocin ba da shawara na Amurka da wakilai zuwa tarurrukan kamun kifi na duniya. SAI kuma tana shirin ci gaba da yin aiki kafada da kafada da takwarorinsu na Project AWARE Foundation, Society Conservation Society, Shark Trust, World Wildlife Fund, Conservation International, Humane Society, Ocean Conservancy, da TRAFFIC, da kuma masana kimiyya daga American Elasmobranch Society da Turai Elasmobranch. Ƙungiya. Muna matukar godiya ga karimcin goyon baya na "masu bayar da gudunmawa" da suka hada da Curtis da Edith Munson Foundation, Gidauniyar Henry, Gidauniyar Firedoll, da Gidauniyar Ajiye Tekuna. Tare da wannan goyon baya da taimako daga mutane kamar ku, 2012 na iya zama shekarar tuta don kiyaye sharks da haskoki kusa da ku da kuma duniya baki ɗaya.

Sonja Fordham, Shugaban SAI